• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2005년도 학술발표논문집
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• pp.655-660
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• 2005

This study was carried out to evaluate of water purification in oxidation pond with filamentous algae mat. It is the water treatment process in the small rural streams to remove the organic materials and nutrients. We used the filamentous algae mat(FAM) which selectively predominate the filamentous algae to prevent the additional contamination by algae outflow. The removal efficiencies of COD, SS, T-N and T-P in Oxidation Pond with Filamentous Algae Mat were -2.5%, 84.7%, 63.9% and 89.2%, respectively. The removal efficiencies of T-N and T-P which are nutrients index were high. Results of this study would help us to determine the possibility of using the water treatment on the contaminated small rural streams.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.2026-2028
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• 2000

As the results of evaluation of its performance for 300 kN Ball and Socket type suspension insulators. There was electrically internal puncture of the solid insulating body of the insulating due to the steep front impulse voltage, which usually occurs puncture before external flash-over of insulators, moreover we have obtained satisfactory results in power arc test of 7.2kA cycle fatigue test with high qualify control index of 4.6, especially we have obtained more satisfactory results than that before improvement of its materials.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제23권1_2호
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• pp.113-126
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• 2007

Let A and E be $m{\times}n$ matrices and W an $n{\times}m$ matrix, and let $A_{d,w}$ denote the W-weighted Drazin inverse of A. In this paper, a new representation of the W-weighted Drazin inverse of A is given. Some new properties for the W-weighted Drazin inverse $A_{d,w}\;and\;B_{d,w}$ are investigated, where B=A+E. In addition, the Banach-type perturbation theorem for the W-weighted Drazin inverse of A and B are established, and the perturbation bounds for ${\parallel}B_{d,w}{\parallel}\;and\;{\parallel}B_{d,w}-A_{d,w}{\parallel}/{\parallel}A_{d,w}{\parallel}$ are also presented. When A and B are square matrices and W is identity matrix, some known results in the literature related to the Drazin inverse and the group inverse are directly reduced by the results in this paper as special cases.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.961-973
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• 1994

A stochastics process $X = {X(t) : t \in T}$, with an index set T, is said to be infinitely divisible (ID) if its finite dimensional distributions are all ID. An ID process X is said to be a stochastic integral process if $X = {X(t) : t \in T} =^D {\int f_td\Lambda : t \in T}$ where $f : T \times S \to R$ is a deterministic function and $\Lambda$ is an ID random measure on a $\delta$-ring S of subsets of an arbitrary non-empty set S with the property; there exists an increasing sequence ${S_n}$ of sets in S with $U_n S_n = S$. Here $=^D$ denotes equality in all finite dimensional distributions.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.453-455
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• 1994

Semiempirical MO calculations are applied to estimate the substituent effects on acylations of the nonfused N-vinyl-2-amino $\beta-lactams$ having frameworks analogous to 3-cephems. The stabilization energy for the reaction intermediate of the nucleophilic attack by the hydroxide ion is selected as the reactivity index and calculated by AM1 and PM3 methods for the model $\beta-lactams$ with substituents at the C1 and N-vinyl terminal positions. The reactivities are larger for -SH connected to the C1 and strong $\pi-acceptors$ at the N-vinyl terminal implying the large reactivity for known active cephalosporins. Quantum chemical calculation of stabilization energy could be useful in correlating antibiotic activities of many compounds obtained as derivatives of a lead compound.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.597-618
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• 2019

Categorical range aggregation, which is conceptually equivalent to running a range aggregation query separately on multiple datasets, returns the query result on each dataset. The challenge is when the number of dataset is as large as hundreds or thousands, it takes a lot of computation time and I/O. In previous work, only a single dimension of the range restriction has been solved, and in practice, more applications are being used to calculate multiple range restriction statistics. We proposed MCRI-Tree, an index structure designed to solve multi-dimensional categorical range aggregation queries, which can utilize main memory to maximize the efficiency of CRA queries. Specifically, the MCRI-Tree answers any query in $O(nk^{n-1})$ I/Os (where n is the number of dimensions, and k denotes the maximum number of pages covered in one dimension among all the n dimensions during a query). The practical efficiency of our technique is demonstrated with extensive experiments.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2014

우리나라에서 먹넌출은 안면도 지역에서만 소나무 숲에서 제한적으로 분포하는 덩굴성 식물이다. 본 연구는 먹넌출 집단의 분포형태와 특성, 유전다양성 및 공간분포에 따른 유전구조를 파악하는데 있다. 선발된 8개 I-SSR primer에서 총 50개의 I-SSR 증폭산물을 얻었으며 37개의 단형성 증폭산물을 제외한 13개의 다형적 증폭산물을 분석에 이용하였다. 공간적 자기상관 분석을 위한 조사구 $90m{\times}70m$내에 총 39개체의 먹넌출이 자생하고 있었으며, 군집지수(aggregation index)는 0.706으로 집중분포(clumped distribution)하는 공간분포를 나타냈다. I-SSR 표지자 분석 결과 39개체 중 유전자형이 서로 다른 21개의 유성생식체(genet)가 식별되었으며, 유전자형 비율(G/N)은 53.8%, 유전자형 다양성(D)은 0.966, 유전자형 균등도(E)는 0.946으로 각각 나타났다. Shannon의 다양성지수(I = 0.598)는 적은 개체수와 제한적 분포에도 불구하고 다른 수종들에 비해 비교적 높은 유전다양성을 나타냈다. Tanimoto distance를 이용한 공간적 자기상관 분석 결과 안면도 먹넌출의 현지외 보존을 위한 표본 추출 전략은 6m 이상의 간격을 두고 개체를 선발하는 것이 타당한 것으로 나타났다.

• 환경생물
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.215-226
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• 2000

어류군집을 이용한 생물보전지수(Index of Biological Integrity, IBI)와 서식지 평가지수 (qoalitativeHabitatEvaluationlndex, QHEI)를 적용하여 금호강의 수서 생태계를 평가하였다. 총체적으로 금호강의 IBI값은 13-37 범위에 있었으며, 연 평균값은 23(n=25, Std. error=1.16)으로서 Karr(1981) 와 U.S. EPA (1993) 기준에 따르면 "Poor" 또는 "Very Poor" 상태로 판명되었다. 평균 IBI값은 하천의 고도구배를 따라서 $0.22km^{-1}$($r^2$=0.91, p<0.05)로 감소하였다. 하류지역의 IBI값의 감소는 여울저서성 어류 및 식충성 어류의 감소와 함께 내성종, 비정상 어류 및 외래 어류의 증가 때문으로 판명되었다. IBI값의 공간적 양상은 평균 어종 수와 1차 함수관계 ($r^2$=0.998, p< 0.001)를 보인 QHEI와 동일한 양상을 보였다. 수 환경내 conservative ion변화의 척도로서 측정된 전기전도도와 pH값에 따르면, 금호강은 여름동안의 장마 및 수계로부터 표층수 유입으로 인해 30%까지 희석되었으며, 이런 결과는 장마기간 동안 강물의 물리적, 화학적 불안정성을 제시하였으며, 장마기간 및 장마 후의 IBI값을 비교해 보면 장마 전에 비해 20%이상 감소하였다. 총체적으로 하천의 물리적 교란 전(장마 전), 서식지 평가지수는 잡식성 어종의 상대 풍부도와 역상관관계(r=0.99, p<0.0001)를 보인 반면에 육식성 어종과는 정상관관계(r=0.87, p=0.05)를 보였다. 결론적으로 서식지의 공간적 질적 저하는 영양구조 체제에 변경을 초래하였고, 이런 기능적 변화는 결국 IBI값의 감소를 초래하였다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.55-66
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• 1988

This study was conducted to investigate the various engineering properties and correlationshops among the soil constants of alluvial clayey deposits distributed in the bay of Asan and their results are summarized as follows : 1. Grain size distribution of soil was consisted of 12 % of clay, 46-73 % of silt, 2-23 % of sand, and as for the consistency characteristics, 26-36 % of liquid limit, 18-21 % of plastic limit and 6-16 % of plastic index, and so the soil belonging to as a lower plastic nonorganic clay, it's specific gravity was 2,66-2.70, and the location on the plastic chart was approximately above the A-line. Z The natural moisture content and unit weight were 30-43 % and 1.76-1.87 g I cm$_3$, respectively, and according to increment of natural moisture content, the unit weight was decreased, and the initial void ratio and degree of saturation were shown of 0,87-1119 and 92- 100 %, most of saturated. 3. Cone resistance value which was shown 2.4 - 6.5 kg / $cm^2$ was a little lower and it was increased with the depth of layer and shown the formular $q_c=0.7_z+1.32$. 4. Unconfined compression strength was about 0.18-0.43kg /$cm^2$, cu, 0.1-0.22kg / $\psi$, $2-6^{\circ}$ under uu-test condition of triaxial, and CCU, 0.08-0.3 kg/cm , $\psi$, $12-18^{\circ}$ under the condition of cu-test. 5. Pre-consolidation load of characteristics of consolidation was 0.4-0.8 kg / $cm^2$, compression index, about 0.17-0.33. 6. Liquid limit and plastic index were incresased with the increment of clay content but most of alluvial clay was appeared as a normal through non-activity clay soil shown more natural moisture content than liquid limit, and their relationship as follows : LL=0.38( cy+54.8), PI=0.836(LL -17.8), PI =0.468(LL -0.48) 7. The initial void ratio presented correlationship of positive among clay content, natural moisture content and liquid limit, and that of reverse with unit weight, and their results as follws : $e_o=0.024(w_n+0.2)$, $e_o=e_o=0.0003c_y+0.0005 LL+0.0151 W_n+\frac{3.58}{r-t}-1.52$ 8. It was shown that the compression index has correlationship of postive among the clay content, liquid limit, plastic index, natural moisture content and initial void ratio, and their relationships as follows ; $c_c=0.44(e_o-0.47)$, $c_c=0.001$

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.406-415
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional intake and Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) of gynecological cancer survivors and normal women. Methods: This study compared the anthropometric indices, dietary behavior, nutritional intake, and DQI-I in women with previous history of breast or uterine cancer [Gynecological cancer survivors group (GCSG, n=126)] and normal women [Normal control group (NCG, n=7,011)] using the 2013~2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Results: Body mass index and waist circumference were lower in the GCSG compared the NCG. The frequency of skipping breakfast and eating out was higher in the NCG compared to GCSG. Energy and fat intake were significantly higher in the NCG than in the GCSG, whereas intake of all minerals and vitamins (excluding thiamine), and dietary fiber intake were higher in GCSG. It was observed that the fatty acid intake of the GCSG was significantly lower than that of the NCG. The diet quality evaluation using DQI-I results showed that GCSG was higher in the "within-group" diet variety and adequacy of vegetable group than the NCG, whereas the intake level of the fruit group was higher in NCG. Besides, protein, calcium, and vitamin C intake were higher in the GCSG than in the NCG. The GCSG showed higher levels of total fat and saturated fat moderation than the NCG, whereas cholesterol moderation showed the opposite results. The results of DQI-I comparison according to the cancer survival years showed that the overall score and scores related to diet adequacy and balance were higher in the below 5-year group, whereas the over 5-year group scored higher in terms of moderation of diet. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that a chronic disease based management approach is needed in cancer survivors. The study provides important data which can help in the preparation of guidelines for long-term lifestyle and diet management, in these patients.