• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.43 no.6
• /
• pp.495-502
• /
• 2020

In this study, the prevalence of osteoporosis was predicted based on 10 independent variables such as age, weight, and alcohol consumption and 4 tree-based machine-learning models, and the performance of each model was compared. Also the model with the highest performance was used to check the performance by clearing the independent variable, and Area Under Curve(ACU) was utilized to evaluate the performance of the model. The ACU for each model was Decision tree 0.663, Random forest 0.704, GBM 0.702, and XGBoost 0.710 and the importance of the variable was shown in the order of age, weight, and family history. As a result of using XGBoost, the highest performance model and clearing independent variables, the ACU shows the best performance of 0.750 with 7 independent variables. This data suggests that this method be applied to predict osteoporosis, but also other various diseases. In addition, it is expected to be used as basic data for big data research in the health care field.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.47-55
• /
• 2017

Background: This study purposed to analyze the effects of metabolic syndrome on the total medical charge of patients. Methods: 2013 National Health Insurance Service sample research database (eligibility database, medical database, and health examination database) was used for this study. Gamma regression was applied to analyze the effects of metabolic syndrome on the total medical charge and logistic regression was used to determine the probability of medical charge which was higher than the third quartile. Sociodemographic characteristics (age and household income), health behavior factors (smoking, drinking, exercise, and body mass index), and disease related factors (family history and metabolic syndrome) were included as the independent variables. Results: people who had metabolic syndrome spent more medical expenses than those without metabolic syndrome both in man and woman group. The standard regression coefficient was 0.09 (p< 0.001) in man with metabolic syndrome and 0.16 (p< 0.001) in woman. In addition, woman with metabolic syndrome spent more than the third quartile of medical charge. The odds ratios was 1.04 (p= 0.16) for man with metabolic syndrome and 1.18 (p= 0.013) for woman. Conclusion: people with metabolic syndrome spent more medical charge, so it will need to consider policy interventions for preventing the incidence and management of metabolic syndrome in Korean people.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 2014

This paper examines the life and achievements of Lillian E. Gilbreth(l878-1972) called 'the first lady of American engineering' as an attempt to excavate women engineers in history. Lillian changed her majors from English literature to psychology of management through her marriage, and tried to integrate psychology of management and scientific management by coworking with her husband. After that, Lillian contributed to extend scientific management to the domain of domestic labor, institutionalize industrial engineering in American universities and enhance the status of woman in engineering societies by her own independent research and education. The success factors of Lillian Gilbreth as a woman engineer includes the development of professional career by conquest of various social discrimination, the positive understanding and assistance by neighborhood males, the selection of an emerging field like industrial engineering, and so on. This study can provide not only a case of role model for women engineers but also practical reference materials for gender-sensitive engineering education.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.19
• /
• pp.181-204
• /
• 2010

This study analyzes the meaning of madness shown in the female narrative, focusing on two novels- "Before the Operation" by Mei Niang and "Madman's Diary" by Baek Shin-Ae. The novel "Before the Operation" reveals women's instinctive desires through an insane woman and brings up a problem of unfair suppression caused by patriarchism. On the other hand, the heroine of "Madman's Diary" shows madness when she is at a crisis to be 'the other' in the patriarchal system. Her madness is caused because she fails to find the meaning of her presence in the system. Interestingly, a woman who departs from moral standards of patriarchy (from "Before the Operation") becomes thefocus of public censure while a man (from "Madman's Diary") who also ignores those standards seems to be a victim. In "Madman's Diary", the man's wife is accused of being mad while he draws sympathy as a victim. This shows that those moral standards have duplicity. At this point, the heroines who continuously adjust themselves to the system express their madness. In other words, the madness implies a stern protest against the moral standards applied differently to men and women. It is unique that the two heroines of the novels become 'sane' when they encounter thematter of 'being a mother'. When it comes to "Madman's Diary", 'being a mother' of the insane woman who becomes 'the other' in the system foretells dismal future. Meanwhile, Mei Niang indicates the way- 'being a mother'- to overcome the dismal future through "Before the Operation". In this case, the mother is not a figure that reproduces the patriarchal power structure, but an independent figure who wants to change it. For that reason, 'being a mother' has the meaning of subversion and resistance.

• English & American cultural studies
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.55-79
• /
• 2017

Ella Hepworth Dixon's The Story of a Modern Woman is a pioneering female writer?s important work which was not deeply studied yet very influential in new women literature and its cultural global impact. Although women had been often praised for their beauties specially by romantic poets but their self-realization and innate values were not widely recognized until new women writers advocated their desires and active roles in the society at the end of the $19^{th}$ century. The new women writers including Ella Dixon gained popularity with their professional skills as the journalists or the contributors to the journals which were suddenly popular and actively circulated among Victorian women. From the 1880s to 1920s, in contrast with the traditional images of wives as ?the angel in the house?, these women new women writers broke the yoke of subjugated womanhood and instead tried to freely express their independent spirits and demanded their roles in the society. Although they were criticized sometimes as "the daughter of a new guise" "a lady of restless sex" or "the wild women," new girls? perky images in new women fiction brought into the new cultural phenomenon which led to the ?flapper? girl in the 1920s. Ella Dixon?s protagonist Mary Erle, strikingly similar to author herself, was a representative new woman who displayed a wide range of new cultural perspectives from a feminist?s viewpoint, but her untimely desire in the capitalized society was not fully accomplished, just promising the potentiality of the female solidarity which might be achieved later by her feminist posterity.

• International Journal of Contents
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.65-74
• /
• 2017

Women's menopause is a natural process that every woman must eventually experience, but changes in hormones before and after menopause can serve to produce life-threatening crises in some situations, with individual differences. Data for the study was elicited from 22,610 Korean women ranging in age from 45 to 55 years in the 2013 Korean Community Health Survey. Statistical analyses was performed using descriptive, t-test, ANOVA, and hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS IBM 20.0 version. Individual characteristics, lifestyle, history of chronic disease(s), psychological and environmental factors were included as independent and EQ5D weights of Koreans were used as dependent variables. The survey subjects consisted of a total 15,505(58.3%) in their 50s, 1,765 (66.5%) in middle and high school dropouts or graduates, 22,174 (83.3%) living in spouses and 10,534(39.6%) in wages. There was a significant difference in HRQOL among all independent variables except drinking and residential areas. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that age, smoking, obesity and other incidental disease factors (fall, angina, asthma, arthritis, osteoporosis, stroke) had a negative effect on HRQOL. The selected independent variables accounted for 22.7% of HRQOL. It is necessary to find a way to improve HRQOL of Korean perimenopausal women, focusing on the significant variables revealed by the study results.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.31-47
• /
• 1990

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the married people's conflict level and coping behavior, and find out how independent variables(male or female, age, level of education, family income, religion, types of marriage, types of family) have an effect on two dependent variables. The research problems as follows: 1) How independent variables influence on the level of conflict. 2) How independent variables influence on the coping behavior 3) How related the level of conflict and th coping behavior. Two instruments wee administrated to 302 married man and woman in Seoul, in June, 1990 The first instrument, 25 items questionnaire, made by investigator, was developed based upon Lee Sun and Moon Sung Sun. The second instrument, 20 item questionnaire, based upon filed , and modified to be appropriate to Korean Culture, Data was analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, t-test, F-test and pearson r. The results are summarized as follows; 1) Most husbands and wives how the middle level of conflict 2) Among independent variables, male or female(p<.05), level of education (p<.05), types of family (p<.05), were variables to have influence on the level of conflict. 3) Husbands and wives's coping behavior are relatively middle level. 4) Among independent variables, types of marriage(p<.05) was variable to have influence on the coping behavior. 5) There were very low positive correlation (r=.15, p<.01) between the level of conflict and the negative coping behavior, and very low negative correlation(r=-.21, p<.001) between the level of conflict and the positive coping behavior. Form this results, more objective methods and research are needed to develop the style of conflict and the coping behavior.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.877-884
• /
• 2007

Today the number of economically independent women are increasing in Korea, they have a tendency to pay more attention to their appearance in their social life. Female university students show a high tendency of that kind, especially when they prepare for their job interviews. They purchase beauty products, visit beauty salons and skin care centers to improve their looks. Above all, their interest in nail art is amazingly increasing for maintaining their self-image. This study thus aims at surveying the relationship between college woman's life style and their interest in nail care, by analysing life styles of college women pursuing up-to-date style. The results show that an 'egoistic' type has a high interest in and a high frequency of using a nail care center, and 'egoistic' type's demand for the nail service is equal to or quite higher than 'appearance-oriented' type's. That means that the 'egoistic' type seems to pay much attention to how they look, because they think their neat appearance help to accomplish their ego.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.277-285
• /
• 1997

The prupose of this study were to: (1) Analize the contents o( the cosmetics advertisements, (2) Compare the ideal woman images perceived by women with the women images profected through models used in the cosmetics advertisements, (3) Compare the ideal clothing images perceived by women with the clothing images profected through models used in the cosmetics advertisemtnts, and (4) Study and analise the purchase patterns of the women in theirtwenties. The subjects for this study were selected from students attending the Ewha Women's University. The study was done through video presentation, and questionnaire based on several previous studies, For the analysis of data, SPSS statistical packages were used. The results of emprical studies were summarized as follows: 1, As the result of the analysis of the current cosmetics advertisenents, the copies were mostly sentimental and short, the models mostly were casual dresses and their attitudes were active and natural for the most part. 2. The result of comparison between the images of women shows noticeable difference in that, the women tend to idealize independent intellectual and refined woman where as the models tend to be free, airy, outgoing and cute. 3. The ideal clothing images perceived by women tendto be intellectual, dignified, and neat, while the clothing worn by the models tend to be casual, cute, and sexy, thus showing noticeable discrepancy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.36 no.9
• /
• pp.916-927
• /
• 2012

In the $21^{st}$ century, woman leaders are able to influence society through improved social status and economic power. From 1980-1990 there was a rapid global social development of feminism and improved media perceptions. The progression of this process is reflected by female characters in feminism films that included a new dress style. The power suit emerged in the U.S.A of the 1980s, as a dress code that showed the workplace uniform of a professional woman and spread to Korea as an influential style. This study defines the different and similar aspects in the development of women's position and the role involved in a structural background through a comparison of the socio-cultural meaning of the power suit expressed in American and Korean feminism films. For analysis, this study chose American films in the 1980s and Korean films in 1990s that fulfilled elements about feminism films. Subsequently in American feminism films, the power suit expressed an equal authority with men, strategic use of femininity according to task type, and a dissipation of symbolic effects like a rich look. In Korean feminism films, the power suit expressed an end of femininity like female transvestite, independent female images with the masculinization of appearance, and a mix of new and traditional styles.