• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.197-222
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• 2007

The study aims to evaluate the outcomes of the Centers for Independent Living(CILs) demonstration program and to recommend future directions for CILs in 2006. The framework for the evaluation is a logic model, which facilitates outcome-based performance measurement. The measures associated with the logic model include input, activity, output, and outcomes. The data were collected by interviewing the executive directors of 10 CILs and conducting telephone survey with 231 consumers with disabilities. The study found that 69% consumers acquired new knowledge and skills for independent living. The study also revealed that 87% consumers experienced the positive changes in their lives and 83% consumers were satisfied with the services of the Centers. After using the services, consumers reported significant increases in self-confidence, and in the number and the level of involvement in the activities. In addition, the study found that the employment status of the consumers was improved, and the number of persons who were living in institutions was decreased. The study supports the advancement of policy to institutionalize Centers for Independent Living, and points to the importance of developing the capacity of the Association of Centers for Independent Living to ensure high quality services. In addition, it is suggested that the development of a manual for these services is necessary, and that services should be provided across disabilities and throughout the country, especially in rural areas.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.69 no.1
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• pp.255-281
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• 2017

This study aimed to introduce the main concepts of Supported Living(SL) model, very few of which have discussed in the context of S. Korea, explore the potential to employ SL model, and draw the implication for social welfare for people with developmental disabilities(DD) in S. Korea. For this purpose, this study presented the developmental background, main concepts, and principles of SL model, compared SL with supported housing and explained the features of SL model. Additionally, this study reviewed SL schemes in the UK and Australia to understand how SL schemes impact the lives of people with DD. Furthermore, this study addressed the contents of SL manuals used in the UK and Australia and identified the core aspects of SL practice. Based on the findings, this study highlighted the importance of SL as the conceptual model for independent living of people with DD and discussed the implication of SL model in S. Korea in terms of the national institution for people with DD, service agencies, and service users. This study focused on the SL model as a conceptual model for the independence of people with DD, potentials to employ SL model, and its implication for social welfare for people with disabilities in S. Korea. SL model and its application showed that SL model is effective and flexible in supporting the independent living of people with DD. Findings and implications regarding SL model could be the basis for the development of the Korean supported living system to improve the independent living of people with DD.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.619-628
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• 2014

This study analyzes whether children's independent picture book reading affects their reading activities and whether the mother-child interaction during this reading improves their reading activities. The study provides basic data and policy implications for developing children's reading ability. Data were collected from a sample of 192 children aged 4 and 5 in Seoul and Anseong, where a survey of their mothers as well as their nursery school teachers was conducted. Variables of interest were analyzed through a correlation analysis and a hierarchical regression analysis, First, children's reading recognized by their mothers was bipolarized as "very high" or "very low". Second, children's reading activity had a significant positive relationship with independent reading, indicating that children active in independent reading were likely to develop their, reading ability. Third, in addition to independent reading, the mother-child interaction had a significant positive effect on children's-reading ability, indicating the importance of the mother's role in developing the child's reading ability.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2020

Purpose: Understanding which product types of overseas travel (free independent travel vs. package travel) consumers will choose is one of the key issues of marketing and consumer behavior in travel agency management. Prior studies on overseas travel type preferences mainly focused on comparing regional differences (e.g., Asian vs. Westerner, or Korean vs. Australian, or Korean vs. Japanese, or American, French, Italian vs. Japanese) influencing the choice of overseas travel type. Another researchers focused on comparing cultural differences (e.g., individualism vs. collectivism, or individualistic culture vs. collectivistic culture), subcultural difference (e.g., acculturation; Koreans living in Republic of Korea vs. Koreans living in Australia), travel lifestyle, and socio-demographics (e.g., age, gender, income level, education level, marital status, occupation etc.). However, there are few studies that identify individual psychological differences (i.e., individual psychological differences within the same culture) influencing the choice of overseas travel type. Self-construal is a psychological factors that greatly influences choice behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of self-construal as an antecedent variable influencing choice of overseas travel product type. Research design, data and methodology: To achieve the purpose of this study, the questionnaire survey method was used. Self-construal items composed of independent self-construal items and interdependent self-construal items. Product types of overseas travel were free independent travel (FIT) type versus package travel type. In this study, the correlation coefficient between independent self-construal and interdependent self-construal was nonsignificant. It meant that the relationship between independent self-construal and interdependent self-construal was orthogonal. Therefore it was analyzed that independent self-construal and interdependent self-construal separately. Reliability analysis, factor analysis, and logistic regression analysis (controlling gender and age) was used as the data analysis method. Results: According to the results of this study, the stronger independent self-construal, the more preference for the free independent travel type rather than package travel, and the stronger interdependent self-construal, the more preference for the package travel type rather than free independent travel. Conclusions: Self-construal is an antecedent variable influencing the choice of travel type. Travel agencies must consider the consumer's self-construal (independent self-construal vs. interdependent self-construal) before planning and designing overseas travel products.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.237-264
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the level of social integration of the person with physical disabilities based on independent living paradigm according to life span and to find factors affecting social integration and therefore to make policy implications for a better rehabilitation system. The data was obtained through telephone interviews with physically disabled residing in the city of Seoul and the suburb area of the city. The final sample consists of 591 respondents. The data was analyzed through frequency, oneway anova, pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression. In this study, social integration based on independent living paradigm was divided into separate but related dimensions: autonomy of activity daily living, accessibility, economic level, degree of social support satisfaction, consumer control, psychological empowerment. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, the levels of six dimensions of social integration based on independent living paradigm were very different and especially the level of dimensions such as degree of social support satisfaction and consumer control were lower than other dimensions of social integration. Second, each level of social integration by life span was very different. Finally, the factors affecting social integration were socio-psychological traits such as social support, rehabilitation services, self esteem and acceptance of disability as well as the attribution to disability. The current findings suggest that improving nay only ADL or accessibility but also consumer control or social support should be considered by professional and policy makers. And differentiated intervention and policy according to life span necessary to policy makers and field practitioners.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.22-35
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the applicability and effectiveness of the Person - centered counseling program in the field of counseling service provided by the Independent Living Center for Persons with Disabilities. Thirteen participants, operating peer counseling program at the Independent Living Center who finished 9 sessions of person - centered counseling program over 3 months were interviewed. The collected data were analyzed using Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR). The results were grouped into three themes as "Acceptance as oneself", "Counselor's variables", and "Limitations and unsatisfactory points". Eight categories such as "The relationship with myself and others", "Accepting oneself though with discomfort", "changed perspective about problems", "Recognizing the parts that oneself was not aware", "Accepting one's potentials as well as limitations", "Opportunity to reflect one's life", "Attitude about life ahead" were retrieved with 23 sub-categories. Based on the results, the possibility of applying person - centered approach on peer counseling was presented. Finally, several suggestions for the development of person-centered approach for peer counseling were discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.336-349
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• 2021

The purpose of the research is to analyze the factors affecting the job satisfaction of workers of Independent Living support centers for the disabled focusing on demographic factors, organizational factor, job factor, and psycho-emotional factors. A survey was conducted on 236 workers at 108 centers, and a logistic regression was conducted to analyze to factors affecting the job satisfaction of the center workers. health status, job suitability and self-efficacy are found to have a significant effect on job satisfaction among workers of centers. Based on these findings, specific measures and suggestions are proposed to improve job satisfaction among workers of Independent Living support centers for the disabled.

• Architectural research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.73-83
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• 2010

Aging is accompanied with numerous transitions in life, and residential environment becomes a pivotal part of the elderly's lives. Physically supportive housing linked with services emerges in midst of the reality that retrofitting housing with special features has been seriously underfunded. The purpose of this study was to examine the residential satisfaction of the elderly in two types of independent living arrangements specially designed for the elderly. The indices of residential supportiveness were developed, and the questionnaire survey was adopted for data collection. Two hundred eighty residents living in two different kinds of senior housing participated in the survey, and all the collected responses were used for data analysis. The finding showed that almost all of the elderly positively assessed their senior living. That is, the statistical analysis illustrated that satisfaction indices of senior living significantly and positively contributed the satisfaction with overall residential environment. Satisfaction with physical environment was the only strong predictor in explaining current residential satisfaction of the elderly in senior rental housing, and accounted for a small proportion of the variance in the dependent variable. Since affordability was the biggest concern among residents in senior housing, it was of significance that long-term housing affordability was ensured and reduction in service cost by utilizing economies of scale was pursued.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.2
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• pp.375-397
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• 2010

Previous studies on empowerment have commonly noted that current practice of empowerment understands empowerment only macroscopically and limitedly without reflecting the true idea of empowerment. In addition, they are emphasizing lack of information on specific techniques for the practice. Thus, the present study purposed to examine independent living movement for the disabled, which have experienced structural and institutional changes and produced actual improvements in policies as their results, and the characteristics of empowerment observed in the development process. According to the results of this study, empowerment consists of a total of five stages, and among them, the stage of conscientization is very important for individual empowerment and the stage of organization for macroscopic empowerment.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.93-111
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• 2003

This study aimed to examine the water consumption of urban households according to pro-environmental attitude for environmental protection. In contrast to preview studies, this study purposed to include various related independent variables, motive to environmental behavior, in special, in the model, and suggest informative data for research, education and strategies related to environmental protection. The data were from 665 housewives living in five urban areas. For the analysis of data, frequencies, means, percentages, GLM analysis, DMR test and Chi-square test were used. The main results of this study were as follows; 1. The respondents held high pro-environmental attitude that pro-environmental behaviors are important to protect environment. The pro-environmental attitude among the respondents were statistically different from the independent variables : spouse's occupation, living area, help of housekeeper, knowledge about environmental protection, convenience to check water consumption, and perception of voluntary conservative behavior among neighborhood 2. There were great difference on water consumption among respondents. The significant independent variables to have effects on water consumption were different between water consumption per person and higher/lower average water consumption. The relationships of pro-environmental attitude and motive to pro-environmental behavior with two water consumption as dependent variables were unique. Also, living areas and knowledge about environment protection were consistently important to explain the difference of water consumption.