• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.243-248
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• 2008

The bean bug Riptortus clavatus Thunberg (Heteroptera: Alydidae) is an important pest, causing serious yield loss in soybean. But the information on mechanism of resistance to R. clavatus is limited. The objective of this study was to identify QTLs for R. clavatus resistance using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in a soybean population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from the cross PI 171451 ${\times}$ Hwaeomputkong. A genetic map from this population was constructed with a total of 136 SSR markers covering 1073.9 cM on 20 linkage groups (LGs). With 126 $F_5$ RILs, two independent QTLs for resistance to R. clavatus were mapped on LGs B1 and C2. The amount of phenotypic variation explained by these QTLs ranged from 12 to 16%. PI 171451 showed an escape response to R. clavatus. Under feeding conditions, 14.4% of RILs showed greater resistance to R. clavatus than the resistant parent. The resistance to R. clavatus in soybean from PI 171451 was incomplete and quantitatively inherited and the QTLs for resistance to R. clavatus detected in the RIL population were not significantly affected by epistatic interactions.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.42-53
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• 1983

In Korea, the demand for water is increasing greatly due to Korea's raqid economic progress which is similar to Japan's. A correct estimation of the runoff factors is the question that must be settled first to establish the appropritae plans for water use and water resources. of these plans the estimation of catchment evapotranspiration for every river basin is the subject of the most importance. It is impossible theoretically to measure evapotranspiration directly, because it is an at mospheric translatory phenomenon. Many approaches have been devised to estimate evapotranspiration, but each of these methods estimates from information taken from a specified point, and these methods are considered incomplete for estimating catchment evapotranspiration. In this paper, the seasonal evapotranspiration estimating method that was proposed by Linsly and was applied in the Kamigamo exprimental basin (subjected to Kyoto Univ.) by Takase et al, was used for the Geum river which is the main river in Korea. Conclusion of experiment. 1) The average annual Ec in this river basin from 1966 to 1972 was 470mm. That is considered appropriate since the average value for the six other large river basin in korea was 485mm. 2) The Ec/Ep and Ec/Epm ratios were 0.43 and 0.52, respectively (Ec : estimated evapotranspiration by water balance method, Ep : average pan evaporation, Epm : evaporation by Penman method). The seasonal Ec/Ep ratios were : 0.4 in spring, 0.6 in summer, 0.4 in autumn and 0.2 in winter. These are rather small when compared to Japan's or England's. 3) The reason for this was that the precipitational difference in wet and dry seasons were greater, an there was not sufficient soil moisture harmonize with the evapotranspiration capacity in the dry season, and that evapotranspiration was small due to the numerous barren mountains.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.61-77
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate music therapists'use and perception of computer-based music technology. Questionnaires were distributed either electronically or in-person to 367 music therapists with credentials. Of the 367 initially distributed questionnaires, 101 were returned and 61 were analyzed after excluding 40 incomplete responses. The survey was comprised of two sections: the use of music technology and perceived importance of music technology in music therapy practice. The results showed that 65.6% of the respondents had used music technology in their clinical practice. The most frequently used type of music technology was Finale, followed by Garage band, and Cubase. With regard to the areas where music technology was used, it was implemented primarily for adolescents for musical or emotional goals, and was applied most frequently as a musical resource. In addition, most respondents showed a positive attitude toward music technology and added that they would need to be trained to use music technology for their clinical practice. These results provide practical information on how music therapists use and perceive computer-based music technology, and its implication for music therapy clinical practice.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1455-1467
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• 1999

소프트웨어 품질을 정의하기 위한 여러 가지 소프트웨어 품질 모형(SQM : Software Quality Model)이 개발되어 왔다. 이 모형들은 두 가지 목적을 가진다. 한 가지는 소프트웨어 품질 측정이고, 또 다른 목적은 개발 프로세스에서의 소프트웨어 품질 제어이다. 국제 표준인 ISO/IEC 9126은 소프트웨어 측정을 위한 소프트웨어 품질 모형을 제시하였다. ISO/IEC 9126의 품질 모형은 사용 관점에서 소프트웨어 품질을 정의한 모형이다. 이 모형은 개발 프로세스에서의 품질 제어를 하는 측면에서는 불완전한 모형이다. 소프트웨어의 품질이 프로세스 내에서 어떻게 만들어지는지 볼 수 없는 모형이기 때문이다. 따라서, 개발 관점에서의 소프트웨어 품질 모형이 필요하다.본 논문에서는 사용 관점인 ISO/IEC 9126 품질 모형을 기반으로 하여 개발 관점에서의 소프트웨어 품질 모형을 제안한다. 이 모형은 ISO/IEC 9126과 같이 하위 품질 요소가 중복되지 않는 계층적 품질 모형이면서, 개발 프로세스 내에서 제어 가능한 제품 특성에 기반을 둔 개발 관점의 소프트웨어 품질 모형이다. 본 논문에서는 소프트웨어 품질 모형 구축 시, 품질 속성간의 선후조건관계를 설정하여 품질 속성간 중복되었던 제품 특성을 한 품질 속성 내 귀속시킨다. 품질 속성 별 제품 특성을 기반으로, 프로세스 내에서 제품 특성을 측정하는 메트릭스를 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 품질 모형과 ISO/IEC 9126을 비롯한 기존 품질 모형과 비교 분석한다.Abstract Several SQMs(Software Quality Models) have been developed to define a software quality. These models have two goals. One is to measure a software quality, the other is to control a software quality. The SQM of ISO/IEC 9126 is defined from the user's viewpoint. This model is an incomplete model in controlling a software quality in the development process. Since this model cannot show how to build a high quality software, the SQM of the developer's view is needed.We suggest the SQM of the developer's view. This model is a completely hierarchical model and is based on product properties. For this model, we define implicative relations among quality attributes for 1:m relations of quality attributes and product properties. So, we solve the problem of a quality attribute overlapping with other quality attributes. We suggest metrics based on our SQMs. Further, we evaluate our SQM by comparing our SQM with other SQMs.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.562-568
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• 1998

Various diagnostic methods, such as electric pulp test, cold test, test cavity etc., have been used to determine the pulp vitality. At least two or more methods should be used with supplemental information to diagnose each case because using one method doesn't provide sufficient accuracy. These conventional methods have depended on nervous responses, but Laser Doppler Flowmeter determines the pulp vitality by measuring pulpal blood flow. In this case, we tested the vitality of the traumatized teeth with incomplete root apices and autotransplanted teeth with conventional methods and Laser Doppler Flowmeter. Conventional methods, such as electric pulp test and cold test can produce various responses according to the development state of the pulpal nerve and the sensory threshold of the patient. But, Laser Doppler Flowmeter has a lower false response rate than any other pulp vitality test methods and it can determine the vitality somewhat earlier than the other method.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.45-63
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• 2005

The purposes of this study are to understand the doctors' attitude and satisfaction about the review system of national health insurance claim in Korea and to suggest the way to improve this system This study conducted a survey of the doctors registered in the medical association in Seoul city. The survey was performed as a form of self-administered questionnaire from January 2004 to February 2004. The contents of questionnaire dealt with doctors' attitude and satisfaction about the review system of medical service claim. Totally, 1,037 members replied to our survey and we analysed 981 doctors' data, excluding incomplete responses. As a result, 89.7% of repliers showed a negative attitude about the influences of the review system on improvement of medical service quality, 98.0% of repliers have had experiences that they have given distorted insufficient medical services in order to evade the curtailment of service claim. Also, 91.6% of repliers stated that they have had experiences of intentional modification or alteration of diagnostic code to shun the curtailment. Most of the doctors showed negative attitude to the curtailment procedure and the review system of service claim originally intended to be one of the quality control methods of medical service in Korea also, the development of both scientific and reasonable parameters and criteria for claim is needed. 'Through the improvement of review system for appropriate medical service, there is a need of a way to increase the satisfaction of medical service providers, and to encourage the motivation for quality control. Also, education is strongly needed to provide doctors with sufficient information about review criteria and curtailment cases.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.36S no.7
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• pp.81-89
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• 1999

Image obtained by incomplete communication always include noise, blur and distortion, etc. In this paper, we propose and apply the new spatial filter algorithm, called an optimal adaptive generalized stack filter(AGSF), which optimizes adaptive generalized stack filter(AGSF) using neural network weight learning algorithm of back-propagation learning algorithm for improving noise removal and edge preservation rate. AGSF divides into two parts: generalized stack filter(GSF) and adaptive multistage median filter(AMMF), GSF improves the ability of stack filter algorithm and AMMF proposes the improved algorithm for reserving the sharp edge. Applied to neural network theory, the proposed algorithm improves the performance of the AGSF using two weight learning algorithms, such as the least mean absolute(LAM) and least mean square (LMS) algorithms. Simulation results of the proposed filter algorithm are presented and discussed.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.331-338
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• 2012

Irregularity data inspected by EM-120, an railway inspection system in Korea includes unavoidable incomplete and erratic information, so it is encountered lots of problem to analyse those data without appropriate pre-data-refining processes. In this research, for the efficient management and maintenance of railway system, characteristics and problems of the detected track irregularity data have been analyzed and efficient processing techniques were developed to solve the problems. The correlation between track irregularity and seasonal changes was conducted based on ARIMA model analysis. Finally, time series analysis was carried out by various forecasting model, such as regression, exponential smoothing and ARIMA model, to determine the appropriate optimal models for forecasting track irregularity progress.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.426-439
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was performed to measure the food allergy (FA) awareness and management by the parents of preschool children. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted with the parents of preschool children. The questionnaire was designed to identify the prevalence of food allergies, requirements of food allergy support and differences in food management according to the presence or absence allergic diseases, using a modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. After excluding incomplete responses, the data of 158 parents of preschool children (90.3%) was used for statistical analysis. Results: The rate of the preschool children who had experienced food allergy (FA, ever) was 38.6% while diagnosed for food allergy by doctor (Diagnosis of FA, ever) was 17.7%. Forty nine preschool children (80.3%) had food restriction, and twenty three of them (37.7%) had self-restriction without diagnosis. The consumption frequencies of allergenic foods in FA group, such as ramyeon, noodles, bread, eggs, yogurt and ice cream were significantly (p<0.001) lower than those of the other two groups. The major allergenic foods were eggs, milk, wheat and processed foods in FA group. The overall food allergy-related knowledge level of parents was insufficient. Only 26 parents (16.5%) had received training about food allergies. All parents wanted to receive food allergy-related supports. In addition, most of parents wanted information on substitute menu for children with food allergy. Conclusions: This study identified a lack of food allergy training for the parents of preschool children and the necessity for food allergy education. Food allergy-related supports, such as menus without allergenic ingredients, guidelines for managing food allergy & anaphylaxis emergency care plan etc, should be provided to the parents in order to avoid events related to food allergies.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.670-679
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• 2015

With a rapid development of internet, many users these days refer to various recommender sites when buying items, movies, music and more. However, there are malicious users (Sybil) who raise or lower item ratings intentionally in these recommender sites. And as a result, a recommender system (RS) may recommend incomplete or inaccurate results to normal users. We suggest a recommender algorithm to separate ratings generated by users into normal ratings and outlier ratings, and to minimize the effects of malicious users. Specifically, our algorithm first ensures a stable RS against three kinds of attack models (Random attack, Average attack, and Bandwagon attack) which are the main recent security issues in RS. To prove the performance of the method of suggestion, we conducted performance analysis on real world data that we crawled. The performance analysis demonstrated that the suggested method performs well regardless of Sybil size and type when compared to existing algorithms.