• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.37 no.9
• /
• pp.39-56
• /
• 1999

Households have experienced economic instability since Korea economic crisis in 1997. This study attempts to explore the financial management behavior by the types of economic instability classified considering the two aspects of the employment and the income instability of the households. The specific objectives of this study are : 1) to classify households’economic instability in terms of employment and income instability. 2) to examine whether the financial management behavior is different between households experiencing the different types of the economic instability. The sample consisted of 792 married women living in Seoul. The statistical methods used for analysis included Reliability, Frequencies, Percent, Mean, Standard Deviation, Analysis of Covariance, one-way Anova, DMR-test. The major results can be summarized as following : 1) The economic instability experienced by houeholds can be classified into the 4 types employment-income instability, employment instability income stability, employment stability$.$income instability, and employment$.$income stability. 2) There are statistically significant differences in the levels of financial management behavior between households having the different types of economoc instability. The results of this study could be needed for development of the employment policies and the financial education programs.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.45 no.10
• /
• pp.59-71
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in wives' financial management behavior according to variables related employment and income, and perceived economic instability of household. Financial management behaviors were constructed with 4 sub dimensions : investment, income expenditure, risk, and debt management behavior. The subjects of this study were 225 wives. Factor analysis and MANOVA were performed for data analysis. The results of this study were as follows : First, there were signigicant differences in financial management behavior according to variables related employment, i. e. employment state of wives and husbands. Second, there were signigicant differences in financial management behavior according to variables related income, i. e. monthly income, additional income, income stability. Third, there were signigicant differences in financial management behavior according to perceived economic instability of urban household.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.507-520
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes in the housing instability of low-income households through their residential mobility. The concept of housing instability is measured by taking into consideration of housing types, number of moves, period of homelessness, and housing affordability index. The result of this study shows that housing instability of low-income households owned their homes is mainly caused from their old housing built in at least 1980, and that of tenant households is due to the heavy burden of rent-to-income ratio. By using multinominal logit model, the study finds that low-income tenant households are more likely to move upwards as they are man-headed, aged and relatively high-income if we categorize residential mobility into four types: upwards, equivalent, trade-off, and downwards migration. Considering that the share of homeowners moving downwards increases while the share of tenants moving upwards decreases as they reside increasingly nearby Seoul, the study finds that low-income households living in big cities are no better off to improve their residential instability for themselves than the low-incomes in local small and midium cities. Furthermore, both low-income owners and tenants are less likely to move downwards as the ratio of single-family housing in former residence increases. Such finding has a policy implication that government needs to maintain affordable single-family housing stock rather than supplying excessive unaffordable multi-family housing in order to enhance residential instability of low-incomes households.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2010

This study identifies how marital interaction influences the marital instability of foreign wives. Data for the study were based on a snowball sampling of 101 foreign wives married to Korean husbands in Gyeongnam, Korea. The respondents reported higher levels of perceived spousal support, marital satisfaction, and sexual satisfaction, but reported lower levels of spousal hostility. A hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to identify the variables that affect marital instability. Independent variables included in the study were years married, religion, monthly income, educational level, perceived husband support, sexual satisfaction, marital satisfaction, and perceived husband hostility. While religion, educational level, sexual satisfaction, marital satisfaction, and perceived husband hostility had a strong effects on the marital instability of foreign wives, years of marriage, monthly income, and perceived husband support did not show significant effect on marital instability. Marital satisfaction had the strongest effect on marital instability.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.11 no.12
• /
• pp.199-205
• /
• 2020

As many government policies have been announced today regarding real estate, especially housing, interest in prices in the housing market has increased significantly. In this study, I would like to present the direction of government policies by analyzing the relationship among income instability, the psychological condition of real estate price changes and willingness to adjust real estate holding ratio. First, major variables were extracted through the prior study review, and using a survey, data were collected and path analysis was conducted. According to the analysis, the current income instability had a negative impact on the psychological condition of real estate price changes, and a positive influence on the willingness to adjust real estate holding ratio, but the psychological condition of real estate price changes did not have a statistically significant impact on the willingness to adjust real estate holding ratio. Thus, the difference analysis was conducted between groups by dividing the ages and the number of dependents respectively. According to the analysis, the impact of income instability and psychological condition of real estate price changes on willingness to adjust real estate holding ratio differed between groups divided by ages and number of dependents. The results of this analysis will help the government to establish real estate policies and help each household to use the analysis as basic data when they make a decision about real estate. On the other hand, this study has limitations that have only been conducted cross-sectional analysis and analyzing time series changes and differences in perception between regions are going to be conducted in a future study.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.129-143
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate influences on wives' financial management behavior economic instability and coping behavior of urban household. Economic instability was constructed with an objective economic status and perceived economic instability. And, Financial management behaviors were constructed with four dimensions : investment, income/expenditure, risk, and debt management behavior. The subjects of this study were 225 housewives. Factor analysis, Cronbach ${\alpha}$, and multiple regression were performed for data analysis. The results show that, coping behaviors of searching and using information and perceived economic hardship related to debt influenced housewives' investment management behaviors. The coping behaviors of searching and using information, expending in the range of planned budget, using debt, perceived economic hardship related to debt, income insufficiency, and selective expenditure influenced the consumption-expenditure management behaviors. Perceived economic hardship related to essential expenditures and coping behaviors of searching and using information influenced the risk management behaviors. Coping behaviors of searching and using information, using debts and purchasing and using economically, and perceived economic hardship related to essentials influenced debt management behaviors.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.387-396
• /
• 2018

This study examined the instability factor of real income and net profits of Chung-yang Green Pepper Farm through an analysis of the operating costs. Furthermore, this paper suggests a plan for stabilizing the price by shipment adjustments resulting from an analysis of the price elasticity by A Linear Approximated Inverse Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/IAIDS). The income instability factor of the farm based on an analysis of the operating costs was attributed to the unexpected loading of utility expenses and collapse of the price due to oversupply at a specific point in time. On the other hand, this is insufficient to completely explain the income instability factor of Chung-yang Green Pepper Farm because a price collapse does not include the monthly price changes. An analysis of the price and scale flexibility of Chung-yang Green Pepper Farm by monthly data showed that annual farm net yield increases by 1.21% due to a 2.21% increase in price if the shipment quantity is reduced to 1% a year. In summary, a plan that supports the farm price received through declining shipments in winter is effective in stabilizing the income of farms. Because Chung-yang Green Pepper in Gyeongnam region has an especially high market share of 82.5%, the prices and income of Gyeongnam Chung-yang Green Pepper farms can be stabilized effectively if they form an association of producers around the Gyeongnam region and adjust the shipment.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.10 no.12
• /
• pp.337-343
• /
• 2019

The need for preparation for old life has been further increased due to the increase of the elderly population and changes in economic conditions today. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between income instability and the degree of preparation for old life and satisfaction of current life. The key variables were extracted through prior study review. And the data collected through the survey were statistically analyzed with a structural equation model. The analysis found that the indirect effect of the current income risk on the satisfaction of current life through the preparation for old life had a significant negative effect under the statistically significant level of 0.05. However, it was found that the direct effects of current income risk on the satisfaction of current life were not statistically significant. An additional analysis was conducted by dividing the age, the number of dependents by two groups respectively. To summarize the results, preparation for old life played a significant role as a prerequisite for improving the satisfaction of current life. And the variability(risk) of current income played an important role in preparing for old life. At this time, the degree of relevance between the factors(potential variables) differed somewhat between the two groups. The results of this analysis will be meaningful in providing basic source of data to prepare for a satisfactory life in each individual's current situation. This study, meanwhile, has limitations that have only been done with cross-sectional analysis and would like to analyze time-series changes in the future.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.73-84
• /
• 1995

The objective of this thesis is to analyse empirically the economic resource problems of the rural poor households. Data from 444 rural sample households in four provinces, divided into two subgroups, the poor and the non-poor households, were analysed and compared. The owned arable land size, level of agricultural and non-agricultural income, assets, debts and the sufficiency of living expenses of the poor households were measured and compared with those of non-poor households respectively. The significant findings and drawn conclusions are as follows : The rural poor households 1. tends to show smaller family size, older age and lower level of education of homemakers than the non-poor households, that might work as constraints to income sources and quality. 2. has not only small arable lands and agricultural income but also even smaller cash income, less than 50% of total income, with 27% of self-product consumption and depends more on non-agricultural income than the non-poor households. Such weakness of income structure might cause and increase the income instability of the rural poor households. 3. reveals significantly different level and components of assets from the non-poor households lower level of assets, less amounts of but more load of debt due to lower solvency that comes from low level of income and assets, higher debts for consumption and lower accessibility to credit. All these socio-demographic and economic characteristics of the rural poor households might have compound effects on the economic problems of the poor households and make vicious circle of poor.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.530-540
• /
• 2022

The aim of this study was to analyze the impacts of perceived economic instability on drinking frequency in the mist of exercising the strong social distancing in the early phase of COVID19 pandemic. The data were collected from 1,117 adults aged between 19 and 70 across the nation from May 13 to May 19 in 2020 by Embrain, an on-line research company. We used only 820(73.4%) out of 1,117 who answered that they had a drinking in 2020. Bi-variate analysis and multivariate multinomial logistic regression were performed using STATA16. Multinomial logistic regression results showed that the increase of employment instability was related to the increase of drinking frequency, whereas the increase of income instability was related to the decrease of drinking frequency. In sum, the impact of perceived economic instability during the early phase of pandemic may be presented as an increase or decrease of drinking frequency depending on the effect of employment instability and income instability.