• Laboraroty Animal Research
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.311-316
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• 2018

Laboratory inbred mice are used widely and commonly in biomedical research, but inbred mice do not have a big enough gene pool for the research. In this study, genetic and morphometric analyses were performed to obtain data on the characteristics of a newly developing inbred strain (KWM/Hym) captured from Chuncheon, Korea. All of five Korean wild male mice have the zinc-finger Y (ZfY) gene. Also, all of 19 Korean wild mice used in this analysis have the AKV-type murine leukemia virus gene, indicating that Korean wild mice might be Mus musculus musculus. To identify the genetic polymorphism in KWM/Hym, SNP analysis was performed. In a comparison with 28 SNP markers, there was a considerable difference between KWM/Hym and several inbred strains. The homogeneity between KWM/Hym and the inbred strains was as follows: C57BL/6J (39.3%), BALB/c AJic (42.9%), and DBA/2J (50%). KWM/Hym is most similar to the PWK/PhJ inbred strain (96.4%) derived from wild mice (Czech Republic). To identify the morphometric characteristics of KWM/Hym, the external morphology was measured. The tail ratio of male and female was $79.60{\pm}3.09$ and $73.55{\pm}6.14%$, respectively. KWM/Hym has short and agouticolored hairs and its belly is white with golden hair. Taking these results together, KWM/Hym, a newly developing inbred mouse originated from wild mouse, might be use as new genetic resources to overcome the limitations of the current laboratory mice.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to characterize the genetic contribution to endothelial adaptation to exercise training. Vasoreactivity was assessed in aortas from four inbred mouse strains (129S1, B6, NON, and SJL) after 4 weeks of moderate intensity continuous exercise training (MOD), high intensity interval training (HIT) or in sedentary controls (SED). Intrinsic variations in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation (EDR) to acetylcholine (ACh) as well as vasocontractile responses were observed across SED groups. For responses to exercise training, there was a significant interaction between mouse strain and training intensity on EDR. Exercise training had no effect on EDR in aortas from 129S1 and B6 mice. In NON, EDR was improved in aortas from MOD and HIT compared with respective SED, accompanied by diminished responses to PE in those groups. Interestingly, EDR was impaired in aorta from SJL HIT compared with SED. The transcriptional activation of endothelial genes was also influenced by the interaction between mouse strain and training intensity. The number of genes altered by HIT was greater than MOD, and there was little overlap between genes altered by HIT and MOD. HIT was associated with gene pathways for inflammatory responses. NON MOD genes showed enrichment for vessel growth pathways. These findings indicate that exercise training has non-uniform effects on endothelial function and transcriptional activation of endothelial genes depending on the interaction between genetic background and training intensity.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.67-86
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• 2014

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Animal models have been used to elucidate the details of the molecular mechanisms of various cancers. However, most inbred strains of mice have resistance to gastric carcinogenesis. Helicobacter infection and carcinogen treatment have been used to establish mouse models that exhibit phenotypes similar to those of human gastric cancer. A large number of transgenic and knockout mouse models of gastric cancer have been developed using genetic engineering. A combination of carcinogens and gene manipulation has been applied to facilitate development of advanced gastric cancer; however, it is rare for mouse models of gastric cancer to show aggressive, metastatic phenotypes required for preclinical studies. Here, we review current mouse models of gastric carcinogenesis and provide our perspectives on future developments in this field.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 1986

As a preliminary experiment to establish the process on the sexing of mouse embryos by chromosomal analysis, present studies were carried out with inbred (ICR, C57BL) and F1 hybrid [(ICR${\times}$C57BL) = F1 ${\times}$ ICR] mice to investigate the blastomere numbers and mitotic indices (M.I.) to the developmental stage of embryos recovered, the optimum periods of anti-mitotic agent administration, the successful rates of sexing and sex-ratio. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The blastomere numbers (mean${\pm}$S.E.) of the morula and blastocyst were 18${\pm}$0.4 and 54${\pm}$0.7, respectively. 2. Whereas the M.I. of F1 hybrid (16${\pm}$0.2%) was higher than that fo inbred ICR (15${\pm}$0.1%) and C57BL (12${\pm}$0.6%) in the different strains, the morula (7${\pm}$0.6%) was higher than that of blastocyst (6${\pm}$0.4%) in the case of embryo stages. 3. Following to anti-mitotic agents treated, the M.I. of embryos cultured with Colcemid (17${\pm}$1.1%) was superior to that fo embryos cultured with Velban (12${\pm}$0.9%) and the Colcemid injection (7${\pm}$0.4%). 4. The successful rate of sexing in the blastocyst (38.7%; 124/320) was superior to the morula (35.9%; 52/145), and the F1 hybrid (48.1%) was higher than that of inbred ICR (42.4%) and C57 BL (28.2%). 5. In the successful rate of sexing to the methods of administration, the embryos cultured with Colcemid (46.0%) was superior to that of embryos cultured with Velban (39.0%) and the Colcemid injection (38.8%). 6. Of 98 embryos sexed after culture with Colcemid, 89(90.8%) were observed between 2 and 4 hrs. In the case of Velban treatment, 83.1% (74/89) was observed between 2$\frac{1}{2}$ and 4$\frac{1}{2}$ hrs. 7. Out of 761 prepared embryos it was possible to sex 311; 157 were male and 154 were female, i.e.a sex-ratio of 50% a, pp.oximately.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1826-1835
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• 2019

Objective: Testicular growth and development are strongly influenced by androgen. Although both testis weight and plasma testosterone level are inherited traits, the interrelationship between them is not fully established. Males of DDD/Sgn (DDD) mice are known to have extremely heavy testes and very high plasma testosterone level among inbred mouse strains. We dissected the genetic basis of testis weight and analyzed the potential influence of plasma testosterone level in DDD mice. Methods: Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of testis weight was performed with or without considering the influence of plasma testosterone level in reciprocal $F_2$ intercross populations between DDD and C57BL/6J (B6) mice, thereby assessing the influence of testosterone on the effect of testis weight QTL. Candidate genes for testis weight QTL were investigated by next-generation sequencing analysis. Results: Four significant QTL were identified on chromosomes 1, 8, 14, and 17. The DDDderived allele was associated with increased testis weight. The $F_2$ mice were then divided into two groups according to the plasma testosterone level ($F_2$ mice with relatively "low" and "high" testosterone levels), and QTL scans were again performed. Although QTL on chromosome 1 was shared in both $F_2$ mice, QTL on chromosomes 8 and 17 were identified specifically in $F_2$ mice with relatively high testosterone levels. By whole-exome sequencing analysis, we identified one DDD-specific missense mutation Pro29Ser in alpha tubulin acetyltransferase 1 (Atat1). Conclusion: Most of the testis weight QTL expressed stronger phenotypic effect when they were placed on circumstance with high testosterone level. High testosterone influenced the QTL by enhancing the effect of DDD-derived allele and diminishing the effects of B6-derived allele. Since Pro29Ser was not identified in other inbred mouse strains, and since Pro29 in Atat1 has been strongly conserved among mammalian species, Atat1 is a plausible candidate for testis weight QTL on chromosome 17.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.169-176
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• 1992

여섯 계통의 근교계 마우스떠에 상흡충의 기생기간과 경시적 산란력을 근거로 하여 숙주 기생충 관계의 계통별 차이를 구명하기 위해 마우스찰 20개의 간흡충 피낭유충을 경구적으로 감염시켰다. 감염 후 간흡충의 충란이 처음 검출될 때까지의 기간은 DDY 마우스에서 평균 21.2일로 가장 짧았고, GPC 21.48, BALB/c 및 DS 23.2 5, ICR 및 nude 23.4일의 순이 었다. 총산란기간 역시 DDY 마우스에서 164일로 가장 길었으며, GPC 132R, BALB/c 97일, nude 37일, DS 32일 및 ICR 28일의 순이었다. DDY 및 GPC 마우스에서는 간흡충의 산란수가 비교적 높고 안정적이었으나 나머지 4계통의 마우스에서는 관찰기간 동안 불규칙하였다. 이상의 성적으로 미루어 보아 마우스의 계통에 따라 간흡충의 숙주 기생충 관계의 차리를 확인하였고 DDY 마우스가 6계통중 가장 호적숙주임을 알았다.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
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• pp.58-58
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• 2002

Currently, the technique of pronuclear microinjection is the most successful and most widely-used method for producing transgenic animals. Among this technique, surperovulation and embryo transfer are the crucial steps for obtaining a large number of fertilized eggs and birth as much as potential founders from the transferred embryos. (omitted)

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.218-222
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• 1987

This study was conducted using inbred ICR mice to investigate the sex-ratio of preimplantation mouse embryos. For the investigation of sex-ratio of mouse embryos, the karyotype of embryos collected at 70-72, 74-76, 78-80 and 82-84 hr after HCG injection was analyzed by chromosomal analysis. Eight-cell embryos were cultrued up to blastocyst stage, then divided them into three groups(fast-, intermediate- and slow-) according to the blastocoel formation. The sex-ratio was also investigated by chromosomal analysis. 1. The highest apperance of eight-cell and morula was observed at the embryos collected respectively at 66-68 hr(84.6%) and 82-84 hr(79.3%) compared to any other group. 2. The successful rate of embryos sexing at 4-, 8-cell and morula stage were 23.1% (3/13), 42.1%(138/328) and 32.6%(47/141), respectively. The respective sex ratios (female vs male) of 4-, 8-cell and morula were 66.7:33.3, 49.3:50.7 and 39.5:60.5. 3. Of the 476 eight-cell embryos cultured in vitro, 427(89.7%) embryos were developed to the blastocysts and the number of fast-, intermediate- and show-developing embryos were 139, 144 and 144, respectively. 4. Female to male ratios fo fast-, intermediate- and slow-developing group were 23.0:77.0, 55.2:44.8 and 73.8:26.2, respectively. Significantly higher (P<0.05) number of female (48/65;73.8%) was observed in the group of slow-developing embryo than that out of total number of embryos(82/188;43.6%).

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1988

There studies were conducted using inbred ICR mice to examine the sex of preimplantation mouse embryo. The morphological normality of mice embryos treated with the culture medium containing rat H-Y antiserum(10%, v/v) plus complement(20%,v/v) was observed and also the sexing of embryos was investigated by chromosomal analysis. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The viability of preimplantation mouse embryos, which were incubated in vitro with different media condition, was scored 68.9-85.5% in control group. However, 151 embryos normally developed up to blastocyst and 160 embryos were retarded growth or destroyed out of total 311 embryos treated in the medium containing H-Y antiserum(10%, v/v) plus complement(20%,v/v). 2. H-Y antiserum was prepared from inb red rats (Wistar and Donryu strain) with different immunization times (4, 5 and 6th) to examine the specific titer of embryos by the number of immunization. Precentage of normally developed embryos incubated either in the medium containing the antiserum of Wistar plus complement or Donryu plus complement was revealed 50.9, 47.4 and 50.0% (4, 5 and 6th immunization and 47.8, 41.2 and 48.7%, respectively. 3. Twenty two females and five males were identified out of fourty-eight normally developed embryos incubated in the medium containing H-Y antiserum plus complement by chromosomal analysis.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.373-379
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• 2013

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) developed into sperms through spermatogenesis have been utilized as a useful tool in the field of regenerative medicine and infertility. However, a small number of highly qualified SSCs are resided in the seminiferous tubule of testis, resulted in developing effective in-vitro culture system of SSCs for solving simultaneously quantitative and qualitative problems. Presently, SSCs can be enriched on testicular stromal cells (TSCs), but there are no systematic researches about TSC culture. Therefore, we tried to optimize culture condition of TSCs derived from mouse with different strains. For these, proliferation and viability were measured and compared by culturing ICR outbred or DBA/2 inbred mouse-derived TSCs at 35 or $37^{\circ}C$. In case of ICR strain, primary TSCs cultured at $37^{\circ}C$ showed significantly higher proliferation and viability than those at $35^{\circ}C$ and significant increase of proliferation and viability in sub-passaged TSCs was detected in the $35^{\circ}C$ culture condition. Moreover, sub-passage of primary TSCs at $35^{\circ}C$ induced no significant effects on proliferation and viability. In contrast, in case of DBA/2 strain, significantly improved proliferation were detected in the primary TSCs cultured at $35^{\circ}C$, which showed no significant difference in the viability, compared to those at $37^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, sub-passaged TSCs cultured at $37^{\circ}C$ showed no significant differences in proliferation and viability, compared to those at $35^{\circ}C$. However, with significant decrease of proliferation induced by sub-passage of primary TSCs at $35^{\circ}C$, no significant effects on proliferation and viability were resulted from sub-passage of primary TSCs at $37^{\circ}C$. From these results, culture temperature of primary TSCs derived from outbred and inbred strain of mouse could be separately optimized in primary culture and subculture.