• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.112-118
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• 2008

We observed initial rusting process of steel containing Al under wet/dry cyclic condition with NaCl solution film using in situ X-ray diffraction spectroscopy at SPring-8 synchrotron radiation facility. It was found that mass fraction of iron oxides such as ${\alpha}-FeOOH$, ${\beta}-FeOOH$ and ${\gamma}-FeOOH$ varied with Al content. Some kinds of Al oxides were also found at the initial stage of corrosion. Those corrosion products might affect the corrosion process and corrosion rate of the steel.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.1099-1106
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• 1994

It is suggested that the microstructural toughening process in the initial rising portion of R-curves observed in polycrystalline alumina should be different from the grain bridging mechanism identified in the long crack regime. Microcracking in the advancing crack front seems to be a prerequisite for the development of unbroken bridging ligaments behind the crack tip. In order to test such a proposition, attempts were made to identify experimentally the presence of microcracks in the frontal zone of propagating cracks. In-situ observation is made of crack growth in a miniature double cantilever beam specimen of a average grain size of 10 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ alumina. Presence of a few microcracks was identified in front of crack tip on the propagating crack plane. The R-curves were re-evaluated based on the observation.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.57-59
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• 2004

This paper reports the observation of the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) phase anomaly on a newly reclaimed mudflat, Hwaong, in west coast of Korea, detected by a series of Radarsat-l SAR data obtained mostly during 2003. The observed phase anomaly could be from subsidence of mud land caused by volumetric contraction of mud in dry season. This process must have been initiated from March 2002 when tidal water supply to this region was permanently blocked by the newly constructed embankment. The maximum subsidence rate measured from InSAR signal is about 3 cm per month. The local heterogeneity of the subsidence rate over the reclaimed mudflat may indicate various mud composition, surface-subsurface hydrological processes, or subsurface information of the mud and basement rock structure. In-situ measurement must follow to support this observation from space.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.265-270
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• 2016

The ellipso-microscopic observation of a titanium surface undergoing anodization in $0.05mol\;dm^{-3}$ of $H_2SO_4$ was conducted. During irradiation by ultra-violet (UV) light with a wavelength of 325 nm, the titanium surface allowed for the flow of a photo-induced current and showed up as a bright, patch-like image on an ellipso-microscopic view. The brightness and patch-pattern in the image changed with flowing photo-induced current. The changes in the brightness and the image corresponded to the formation and/or degradation of titanium oxide due to the photo-electrochemical reaction of the oxide. An in situ monitoring using the ellipso-microscope revealed that the film change was dependent on the irradiation light power, by UV-light increases the anodic current and results in the initiation of pitting at lower potentials as compared with the non-irradiated condition.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.128-129
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• 2018

Soft ferromagnetic materials are utilized for various electromagnetic devices such as magnetic recording heads and magnetic shielding. In situ observation of magnetic microstructures and domain wall motions are prerequisite for understanding and improving their magnetic properties. In this work, by the Fresnel (out-of-focus) method of Lorentz microscopy, we observe the domain wall motions of polycrystalline Ni/Ti thin film layers triggered by single-shot laser pulse. Random motions of domain walls were visualized at every single pulse.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.229-236
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• 2020

There has been increasing necessity of more precise prediction and measurements of aviation radiation in Korea. For our air crew and passengers' radiation safety, we develop our own radiation prediction model of KREAM. In this paper, we validate the KREAM model based on comparison with Liulin observations. During early three months of this year, we perform total 25 experiments to measure aviation radiation exposure using Liulin-6K in commercial flights. We found that KREAM's result is very well consistent with Liulin observation in general. NAIRAS shows mostly higher results than Liulin observation, while CARI-6M shows generally lower results than the observations. The percent error of KREAM compared with Liulin observation is 10.95%. In contrast, the error for NAIRAS is 43.38% and 22.03% for CARI-6M. We found that the increase of the altitude might cause sudden increase in radiation exposure, especially for the polar route. As more comprehensive and complete analysis is required to validate KREAM's reliability to use for the public service, we plan to expand these radiation measurements with Liulin and Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counter (TEPC) in the near future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Ceranic Society Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.204.2-204
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.328-329
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• 2005

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.415-422
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• 2009

The wave observation system in Korea has been established with an emphasis on pointmeasurement based on in situ instrumentations. However, the system cannot fully investigate the coastal wave-related problems that are significantly localized and intensified with three-dimensional regional geometries. Observation technique that can cover local processes with large time and spatial variation needs to be established. Video imaging techniques that can provide continuous monitoring of coastal waves and related phenomena with high spatial and temporal resolutions at minimum cost of instrumentation risks are reviewed together with present status of implementation in Korea. Practical applications of the video imaging techniques are suggested to tackle with various coastal issues of public concern in Korea including, real-time monitoring of wave runup and overtopping of swells on the east coast of Korea, longshore and rip currents, morphological and bathymetric changes, storm surge and tsunami inundation, and abnormal extreme waves in the west coast of Korea, etc.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.12 no.4 s.37
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• pp.281-287
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• 2005

in-situ electromigration test was carried out for edge drift lines of eutectic SnPb solder using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The electromigration test for the eutectic SnPb solder sample was conducted at temperature of $90^{\circ}C$ and the current density of $6{\times}10^4A/cm^2$. Edge drift at cathode and hillock growth at anode were observed in-situ in a SEM chamber during electromigration test. It was clearly revealed that eutectic SnPb solder lines has an incubation stage before void formation during electromigration test, which seemed to be related to the void nucleation stage of flip chip solder electromigration behaviors.