• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.687-694
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• 2018

The problem of wheel tread defects has become a major challenge for the health management of high-speed rail as a wheel defect with small radius deviation may suffice to give rise to severe damage on both the train bogie components and the track structure when a train runs at high speeds. It is thus highly desirable to detect the defects soon after their occurrences and then conduct wheel turning for the defective wheelsets. Online wheel condition monitoring using wheel impact load detector (WILD) can be an effective solution, since it can assess the wheel condition and detect potential defects during train passage. This study aims to develop an FBG-based track-side wheel condition monitoring method for the detection of wheel tread defects. The track-side sensing system uses two FBG strain gauge arrays mounted on the rail foot, measuring the dynamic strains of the paired rails excited by passing wheelsets. Each FBG array has a length of about 3 m, slightly longer than the wheel circumference to ensure a full coverage for the detection of any potential defect on the tread. A defect detection algorithm is developed for using the online-monitored rail responses to identify the potential wheel tread defects. This algorithm consists of three steps: 1) strain data pre-processing by using a data smoothing technique to remove the trends; 2) diagnosis of novel responses by outlier analysis for the normalized data; and 3) local defect identification by a refined analysis on the novel responses extracted in Step 2. To verify the proposed method, a field test was conducted using a test train incorporating defective wheels. The train ran at different speeds on an instrumented track with the purpose of wheel condition monitoring. By using the proposed method to process the monitoring data, all the defects were identified and the results agreed well with those from the static inspection of the wheelsets in the depot. A comparison is also drawn for the detection accuracy under different running speeds of the test train, and the results show that the proposed method can achieve a satisfactory accuracy in wheel defect detection when the train runs at a speed higher than 30 kph. Some minor defects with a depth of 0.05 mm~0.06 mm are also successfully detected.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.15
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• pp.440-443
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• 2002

Present1y the X-Ray diagnosis system is a real condition that is changing by digital ways in it's existent analog ways. This digital radiation detector is divided by the direct method and the indirect method. The indirect method of applied voltage has special qualities that the resolution is low than direct method by diffusion effect that happens. The conversion process ( radiation${\rightarrow}$visible ray${\rightarrow}$electrical signal of two times, has shortcomings that the energy conversion efficiency of electrical signal is low. The direct method has shortcomings that need strong electric fie1d to detect electrical signal efficiently. This research achieved to develop digital detector of the Hybrid method that have form that mixes two ways to supplement shortcoming of direct. indirect method. A studied electrical characteristic by Iodine's Mixture ratio change is added to selenium in the detector which has a multi-layer structure (Oxybromide + a-Se). There are 8 kinds of Manufactured compositions to amorphous selenium Iodine each 30ppm, 100ppm, 200 ppm, 300ppm, 400ppm, 500ppm, 600ppm, 700ppm by a doped photoconductor through a vacuum thermal evaporation method. The phosphor layer is consisted of Oxybromide ($BrO_2$) which uses optical adhesives multi-layer structure. The manufactured compositions calculates and compares Net Charge and signal to noise ratio measuring Photocurrent about Darkcurrent and X-ray. When doped Iodine Mixture ratio is 500ppm to the multi-layer structure (Oxybromide + a-Se), applied voltage of $3V/{\mu}m$, leakage current of compositions $2.61nA/cm^2$ and net charge value by 764pC/$cm^2$/mR then the best result appeared.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.339-348
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• 2017

전통적인 통계적 공정관리에서 품질특성치의 위치모수와 척도모수의 변화를 탐지하는 것은 주된 관심사였고, 이를 위해 일반적으로 두 개의 관리도를 병행하여 사용한다. 그러나 하나의 관리도를 사용하여 두 모수의 변화를 동시에 탐지하는 절차에 대한 연구도 많이 진행되어 왔다. 하나 또는 두 개의 관리도를 사용할 때, 제1국면 (phase I)을 통하여 모수를 추정하여 관리한계를 설정하여 제2국면(phase II)의 관리도를 운영하는데 이때 정규성 가정의 만족 여부는 아주 중요한 점검 사항이다. 실제 공정에서는 종종 분포에 대한 가정을 하기 어렵거나 정규분포를 따른다고 가정하기 어려운 경우가 있는데, 이러한 경우에는 비모수적 관리도를 사용할 수 있다. 이 논문에서는 비모수적 관리도이면서, 하나의 관리도를 사용하여 위치모수와 척도모수의 변화를 탐지하는 Shewhart-Lepage 관리도를 소개하고, 위치모수와 척도모수가 동시에 변화할 때 진단 단계에서 변화의 원인을 가장 정확하게 진단할 수 있는 최적의 진단한계를 모의실험을 통해 제시하고 그 효율에 대해 연구하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권12호
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• pp.2351-2357
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• 2008

Noninvasive radial artery pulse wave has been widely used not only for the pulse wave analysis(PWA) itself but also for assessment of arterial stiffness with estimated aortic pulse wave from peripheral pulse wave. However, it has been found that the deformation of pulse shape can be caused readily by changing measuring position, indentation pressure, and so on. So, in this study, we have developed a system which can measure radial pulse wave and skin displacement simultaneously while the indentation body goes down to occlude subject's radial artery. This system can be divided into a measuring apparatus part, an indentation control hardware part, a data acquisition part and a control and computation part. And, the measuring apparatus consists of an arm-rest, a step motor, an indentation body, a laser displacement sensor(LK-G30, Keyence Co.) and pulse wave sensor. Under load-free condition and radial artery loaded condition, the evaluation of developed system has been performed. From these results, we can conclude: 1) The developed system can control the indentation body quantitatively and the adopted laser displacement sensor shows linear output characteristic even with skin as a reflector. 2) This system can measure the pulse wave and the displacement of indentation body, that is, skin displacement simultaneously at each specific level of indentation body. 3) This system can provide the number of motor steps used to get down the indentation body, the measured skin displacement, the calculated indentation pressure, the calculated pulse pressure and the pulse waveform as well as the information generated by combining these with each others. 4) This system can reveal the relationship between the morphological changes of pulse wave and the estimated displacement of radial artery wall by indentation. Consequently, the developed system can furnish more abundant information on radial artery than previous diagnosis systems based on tonometric measurement. In further study, we expect to setup the standard measuring process and to concrete the algorithm for the estimation of radial artery's diameter and of displacement of radial artery's wall. Furthermore, with well designed clinical studies, we hope to turn out the usefulness of developed system in the field of cardiovascular system evaluation.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2018

고령자 가구의 급격한 증가는 전 세계적 추세이며 의료비 등 사회적 비용 또한 급격히 증가할 것으로 예상된다. 치매와 같은 노인성 기능 질환의 경우 고령자의 일상생활 활동 (ADL) 패턴을 상시적으로 모니터링하고 평소와 다르거나 비정상적인 패턴이 발생하는 경우 이를 치매 조기진단의 근거로 활용할 수 있다. 그러나 사생활 침해의 우려가 큰 기존의 직접적 센싱 방식과 달리 간접적 센싱 방식 (Non-intrusive approach)을 활용하여 재실자의 최소한의 정보 (Coarse-grained data)만을 수집하고, 이를 통해 활동 정보를 추출하는 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 또한 추출된 활동 및 활동패턴을 이해하기 위해 활동의 맥락적 정보를 시각화하는 방법 또한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 재실자의 정보 중 시 공간 데이터 로그만을 활용하여 재실자의 수행 활동을 추출하고 컨텍스트화 된 행동 정보를 공간-활동 지도 (Space-Activity Map)로 시각화한다. 본 연구는 재실자의 일상생활 활동 패턴을 추출하는 데 기반이 되는 연구로서, 향후 고령자를 위한 상시적인 건강 모니터링 기술의 도입에 기여할 수 있다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2022

최근 대부분의 인공지능 연구는 AI 모델 개발에 중점을 두고 있다. 하지만 최근 인공지능 연구가 모델 중심에서 데이터 중심으로 점차 변경되고 이런 추세를 바탕으로 학습데이터의 중요성이 크게 주목 받고 있다. 그러나 학습데이터의 준비과정이 전체 과정의 상당 부분을 차지하고 라벨링 데이터 생성 또한 개발 목적에 따라 다르기 때문에 많은 시간과 노력이 필요하다. 따라서 기존의 미충족을 해결하기 위한 다양한 라벨링 기능을 갖는 도구 개발이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 의료영상의 라벨링 데이터를 정교하고 빠르게 생성하기 위한 라벨링 시스템에 대해서 기술한다. 이를 구현하기 위해서 Back Projection, GrabCut 기법을 이용한 반자동 방식과 기계학습 모델을 통해서 예측한 자동 방식의 라벨링 기능을 구현하였다. 우리는 제안한 시스템의 라벨링 데이터 생성에 대한 수행시간의 장점을 보였을뿐만 아니라 정확성에 대한 비교평가를 통해 우수성을 보였다. 또한 1,000여명의 환자 영상 데이터셋을 분석하여 근감소증 진단에 남성과 여성에 의미있는 진단지표를 제시하였다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.263-275
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• 2022

구치부 교합지지가 상실되면 수직교합고경이 감소되면서 대합치의 점진적인 정출과 전치부 치아들의 전방 돌출을 초래하게 되고 결국 교합평면이 붕괴됨과 아울러 안모의 변화, 저작 효율 저하, 그리고 측두하악관절 장애 등의 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 이 경우, 정확한 진단 과 예지성 있는 치료계획 수립을 통한 교합평면 재설정 및 수직고경 회복이 필요하다. 본 증례는 71세 여성 환자로, 교합 평면이 붕괴되고 구치부 보철 수복 공간이 부족하여, 수직고경 거상을 동반한 완전구강회복을 계획하였다. 생리적 하악안정위, 연하, 발음, 안모, 전치부 평균 길이 등을 평가하는 임상적 과정을 통해 적절한 수직고경 및 3차원적 교합평면을 재설정하여 임시보철물을 제작하였고, 약 5개월 간 임시 보철물 상태로 악관절 및 저작근의 적응 여부를 관찰하고 교합을 안정화하였다. 기능적, 심미적 임상증상이 없음을 확인한 후 최종 보철 수복하였다. 이러한 환자친화적 완전구강회복 과정을 수행하여 기능 및 심미적으로 만족스러운 결과를 얻었기에 이를 보고하고자 한다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.227-239
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a standardization manual for Emotion To Emotion therapy. In this study, the processes and categories derived through literature search related to the Emotion To Emotion treatments, were revised and supplemented by the expert FGI (Focus Group Interview). Afterwards, the expert Delphi was conducted, to develop a standard manual for the disease types, purpose, and method of Emotion To Emotion therapy. Methods: In this study, literature analysis and expert Delphi, as a quantitative research method, were conducted, and the expert Focus Group Interview (FGI) was conducted as a qualitative study. The manual was completed by leading the consensus, on the standardization manual for Emotion To Emotion therapy. After that, a clinical expert Delphi was conducted to test the reliability as well as validity of the manual, through quantitative consensus on the manual of the Emotion To Emotion therapy. Results: First, as a result of literature studies, to date, studies related to Emotion To Emotion therapy have been qualitatively and quantitatively limited, as comparative literature related to clinical cases. Second, through expert FGI, the manual was structured with eight sub-factors for the indication diagnosis, six sub-factors for the implementation method, and 13 detailed factors. Third, through an expert Delphi, the consensus did the factor of indication, implementation methods, and implementation process, and developed a standardization manual for Emotion To Emotion therapy ver 1.0. Conclusions: Through literature analysis, expert FGI, and expert Delphi, the Emotion To Emotion therapy standardization manual ver 1.0 was completed, and will proceed with the revision and improvement report.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.154-172
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• 1999

In order to analyse the prevalence rate of hypertension and the actual conditions of control, we selected five districts out of eleven eups and myuns in Chinan Country. We administered structured questionaries to 309 adults above the age of 40, computerized the data using SPSS - PC+. More than 40.1% of adults over 40 in Chinan County have health disorders ranging from high blood pressure to hypertension including alert high blood pressure at 36.2%, relatively high. Among general characteristics, differences in the rate of hypertension were influenced by age, occupation and places of residence. Over 71 who are engaged in agriculture, who don't have jobs, who reside in Sungsu, Jungchun, Chinan-eup all have higher hypertension rates than other groups. Accordingly, the control of hypertension should be focused on these people. As a result of the control of blood pressure, the survey showed 93.0% of the subjects were checked mainly at hospitals clinics, health centers subhealth centers and community health posts more than once a year, relatively high level of blood pressure management. However, the difference between their blood pressure measurements at ordinary times and the level of blood pressure at the time of research was quite considerable. Only 47.3% of the subjects diagnosed with high blood pressure and 70.3% of the subjects with normal blood pressure recognized their blood pressure accurately 52.7% of the subjects diagnosed with high blood pressure showed errors in understanding their blood pressure at normal times. Because these errors can cause problems in the control of blood pressure, proper management should be executed through a systematic examination. As a result of the high blood pressure control condition, the average period of hypertension was 74.5( ${\pm}92.8$) months, 92.3% of the subjects were diagnosed with high blood pressure at hospitals clinics, health centers subhealth centers community health posts, but only 29.5% were examined after a general check up on high blood pressure was completed. 70.5% were diagnosed with high blood pressure only after measuring their blood pressure. 14.1% of the subjects were hospitalized because of falls influenced by high blood pressure. 33.3% attended hospitals and health centers regularily for medical treatment and this shows how low the rate of the control of blood pressure. Most people did not undergo medical treatment, because they had no painful symptoms (46.7%), they didn't need to take the medicine(28.9%), or they forget to take the medicine(20.0%). These problems in the control of hypertension were discovered in the process of diagnosing high blood pressure at health medical institutions. Many people did not recognize the need for consistent control of blood pressure. That is, although the diagnosis for high blood pressures performed at hospitals clinics, health centers subhealth centers and community health posts, was 92.3%, more than 70.5% of the subjects were not examined completely with regard to blood pressure. Accordingly, heath medical institutions must diagnose high blood pressure not only by only measuring blood pressure but also by using systematic process of examination. As for the people diagnosed with high blood pressure, one should perform consistent medical approaches and help them to recognize the importance of the continuous control of blood pressure through subject-oriented education. Problems the subjects experienced were the following numbness in the limbs easily paralyzed stitches in their shoulders which felt painful, stiff necks, occiputs felt heavy, headaches when they got up in the morning, felt dizzy when standing and moving their heads and poor eyesight. The rate of knowledge related to high blood pressure was 78.7 points, comparatively low. Whether they had normal blood pressure or hypertension made no difference. These results are not desirable. Adult-oriented education forgot the prevention and management of high blood pressure should be implemented. Hypertensive-oriented education should be especially reinforced. Because there was a difference in the level of knowledge according to age, academic career, occupation or place of residence, education related to hypertension should be intensified and focused on those over the age of 71 those who did not attend school, those who do not have jobs and are engaged in agriculture and residents living in Bugui, Jungchun regions. The degree of healthy life practice in hypertensives is poor, particularly weight control, as opposed to people who have normal blood pressure. It makes no difference in smoking, the amount of daily smoking, drinking, the control of salt because each result means that they are not practicing healthy life or modifying their life-style. The development and programs to improve a healthy life should be executed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.439-443
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• 2003

특별한 원인 없이 하부후두나 상부기관의 협착이 나타날 수 있는데, 이를 특발성 기관 협착증(Idiopathic Tracheal Stenosis)이라 한다. 이러한 특발성 기관 협착증는 젊은 여성에게 나타나는 성대하부의 원형섬유성 협착을 보이는 드문 질병이다. 이에 대한 치료는 질병의 원인이나 경과가 밝혀지지 않아 보존적 원칙에 따르는 것이 일반적이었으나, 최근 들어 외과적인 절제와 재건술이 많이 시행되고 있으며 좋은 결과를 보고하고 있다. 3예 모두 여성 환자로 호흡곤란을 주소로 내원하였고, 2예는 기관지천식 진단하에 수년간 내과적 치료를 받은 병력이 있었다. 모든 환자에 있어서 경부 및 흉부 전산화단층촬영과 기관지내시경으로 기관 협착증을 진단하였고, 협착의 위치에 따라 성문하 협착(Subglottic Stenosis) 2예는 경부 칼라 절개술을 통하여 성문하 절제(Subglottic resection)를 시행하였고 기관 원위부 협착 1예는 우측 후외측 개흉술을 통하여 기관절제 및 단단 문합을 시행하였으나 문합부의 감염에 의한 재협착으로 기관내 스텐트 삽입 후 경부 칼라절개와 정중흉골절개로 모든 기관을 노출한 재수술로 성공적인 치료를 하였기에 보고하는 바이다.