• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3293-3298
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• 2012

The present study was conducted to evaluate in vivo anticancer activity of two novel mononuclear ruthenium(II) compounds, namely Ru(1,10-phenanthroline)$_2$(2-nitro phenyl thiosemicarbazone)$Cl_2$(Compound $R_1$) and Ru (1,10-phenanthroline)$_2$(2-hydroxy phenyl thiosemicarbazone)$Cl_2$(Compound $R_2$) against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) mice and in vitro cytotoxic activity against IEC-6 (small intestine) cell lines and Artemia salina nauplii using MTT [(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)] and BLT [brine shrimp lethality] assays respectively. The tested ruthenium compounds at the doses 2 and 4 mg/kg body weight showed promising biological activity especially in decreasing the tumor volume, viable ascites cell counts and body weights. These compounds prolonged the life span (% ILS), mean survival time (MST) of mice bearing-EAC tumor. The results for in vitro cytotoxicity against IEC-6 cells showed the ruthenium compound $R_2$ to have significant cytotoxic activity with a $IC_{50}$ value of $20.0{\mu}g/mL$ than $R_1$ ($IC_{50}=78.8{\mu}g/mL$) in the MTT assay and the $LC_{50}$ values of $R_1$ and $R_2$ compounds were found to be 38.3 and $43.8{\mu}g/mL$ respectively in the BLT assay. The biochemical and histopathological results revealed that there was no significant hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity associated with the ruthenium administration to mice.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.199-203
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• 2014

Background: Rosuvastatine, doxazosin, repaglinide and oxcarbazepin are therapeutic drugs available in the market for the treatment of different diseases. Potential to display antitumor activities has also been suggested. The aim of the current study was to evaluate their in vitro effects on some human transformed cell lines. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity of the four drugs was tested in MCF-7, HeLa and HepG2 cells by the neutral red assay method and also the effect of rosuvastatine and doxazosin against Ehrlich Ascities Carcinoma Cells (EACC) by trypan blue assay. Results: Rosuvastatine exerted the greatest cytotoxic effect against HepG2 cells with an $IC_{50}$ value of $58.7{\pm}69.3$; in contrast doxazosin showed least activity with $IC_{50}=104.4{\pm}115.7$. Repaglinide inhibited the growth of both HepG2 and HeLa cells with $IC_{50}$ values of $87.6{\pm}117.5$ and $89.3{\pm}119.5$, respectively. Oxcarbazepine showed a potent cytotoxicity against both HeLa ($IC_{50}=19.4{\pm}43.9$) and MCF7 cancer cells (($IC_{50}=22{\pm}35.7$).On the other hand the growth of EACC was completely inhibited by doxazosine (100% inhibition) while rosuvastatine had weak inhibitory activity (11.6%). Conclusions: The four tested drugs may have cytotoxic effects against hepatic, breast and cervical carcinoma cells; also doxazosine may inhibit the growth of endometrial cancer cells. Further investigations in animals are needed to confirm these results.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.410-414
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• 2011

Chana series are new chalcone derivatives. To evaluate the possibility of Chana series as therapeutic agents of type 2 diabetes, the inhibitory effects of Chana series on the activities of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and DPP-4 were investigated using in vitro enzyme assays, and their effects on adipocyte differentiation were investigated in C3H10T1/2 cells. Chana 1 and Chana 7 among the Chana series showed significant inhibition of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase activity. In DPP-4 enzyme assay, Chana 1 exhibited the highest inhibitory activity while Chana 7 did not. In MTT assay, Chana 1 did not show significant cytotoxicity up to a concentration of $250{\mu}M$, whereas cytotoxicity was observed with Chana 7 at a concentration of $300{\mu}M$. In addition, Chana 1 induced adipocyte differentiation. Therefore, Chana 1 showed inhibitory effects on ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and DPP-4 as well as a stimulatory effect on adipocyte differentiation, suggesting that Chana 1 may be a potential beneficial agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.43-54
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• 1991

폐홉충(Paragonimus westermani) 초기 감염시의 숙주 면역 기전을 알아보기 위하여 폐흡충 피낭유충을 백서에 감염시켜 주별(주별)로 항혈청을 분리하고 등일 백서에서 복강 대식세포(homologous rat peritoneal macrophage)를 얻은 다음, 이들과 폐흡충 탈낭유충 및 숙주 조직 이행중인 유약충으로 effector system을 조작하여 폐흡충 유충에 대한 항체 의존성 대식세포 공격기전을 관찰하였다. 백서 복강 대식세포는 항혈청 출현 시에만 폐흡충 탈낭유충에 대한 세포부착 반응(cell adherence reaction)을 보였고 이 반응에는 보체가 관여하지 않았다. 폐흡충 감염 1주에서 8주까지의 백서 항혈청 중 2주째에 분리한 항쳔청 실험군에서 100%의 세포부착 반응을 나타내었고 사멸된 충체를 관찰할 수 있었으며, 세포부착 반응은 탈낭 유충기에서만 나타나는 반면 조직이행 유약충에서는 전혀 그 반응을 인정할 수 얼어 폐흡충 감염에 따른 항체의존성 숙주 세포 매개독성(antibodydependent cell·mediated cytotoxicity)은 발육단계 별 특이성을 보였다. 한편, 대식세포의 공격에 의하여 사멸된 폐흡충 탈낭유충의 형태학적 특징은 대식세포와 유충 사이에 형성되는 fuzzy material, tegumental syncytium 내의 미세구조의 변성 및 syncytium과 근육층을 연결하는 tubular tunnel의 형성 등이었다.

• 생체재료학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.249-258
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• 2018

Background: Mucoadhesive polymers, which may increase the contact time between the polymer and the tissue, have been widely investigated for pharmaceutical formulations. In this study, we developed a new polysaccharide-based mucoadhesive polymer with thermogelling properties. Methods: Hexanoyl glycol chitosan (HGC), a new thermogelling polymer, was synthesized by the chemical modification of glycol chitosan using hexanoic anhydride. The HGC was further modified to include thiol groups to improve the mucoadhesive property of thermogelling HGC. The degree of thiolation of the thiolated HGCs (SH-HGCs) was controlled in the range of 5-10% by adjusting the feed molar ratio. The structure of the chemically modified polymers was characterized by $^1H$ NMR and ATR-FTIR. The sol-gel transition, mucoadhesiveness, and biocompatibility of the polymers were determined by a tube inverting method, rheological measurements, and in vitro cytotoxicity tests, respectively. Results: The aqueous solution (4 wt%) of HGC with approximately 33% substitution showed a sol-gel transition temperature of approximately $41^{\circ}C$. SH-HGCs demonstrated lower sol-gel transition temperatures ($34{\pm}1$ and $31{\pm}1^{\circ}C$) compared to that of HGC due to the introduction of thiol groups. Rheological studies of aqueous mixture solutions of SH-HGCs and mucin showed that SH-HGCs had stronger mucoadhesiveness than HGC due to the interaction between the thiol groups of SH-HGCs and mucin. Additionally, we confirmed that the thermogelling properties might improve the mucoadhesive force of polymers. Several in vitro cytotoxicity tests showed that SH-HGCs showed little toxicity at concentrations of 0.1-1.0 wt%, indicating good biocompatibility of the polymers. Conclusions: The resultant thiolated hexanoyl glycol chitosans may play a crucial role in mucoadhesive applications in biomedical areas.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2016

소핵시험은 세포분열 단계 중 간기 세포의 세포질 내 소핵 유무를 조사함으로써 유전독성을 평가하는 시험법이다. 최근 화장품 안전성 평가에 동물실험을 금지하거나 최소화하려는 노력이 확산되고 있어 유전독성 평가에 있어서도 기존의 동물실험이 아닌 새로운 in vitro 시험법이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 3차원 배양인공피부모델인 KeraSkin$^{TM}$을 이용하여 도포 처치된 물질의 유전독성을 평가하였다. 2종의 유전독성물질인 mitomycin C (MMC)와 methyl methanesulfonate (MMS)는 농도 의존적으로 세포독성과 소핵 형성이 유도된 반면, 대조물질인 4-nitrophenol (4-NP)와 trichloroethylene (TCE)에서는 농도 의존적으로 세포독성은 관찰되었으나 소핵은 형성되지 않았다. 따라서 인공피부모델을 이용한 소핵시험이 화장품과 같은 피부적용물질의 in vitro 유전독성 평가에 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.125-129
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• 2022

The purpose of study is to evaluate in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Moringa Folium and Eucommiae Cortex 2:1 (g/g) mixtures (MEMix). HaCaT and human normal dermal fibroblast were treated with 0.01-1 mg/mL of MEMix to monitor cytotoxicity. Radical scavenging activities of MEMix were examined by DPPH assay. To explore anti-inflammatory effect, Raw 264.7 cells were pretreated with MEMix for 1h and subsequently exposed to LPS for 18h. NO release and cytotoxicity of Raw 264.7 cells were measured by adding Griess and MTT reagents, respectively. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and PGE2 productions were examined by ELISA. Immunoblot analysis was conducted to examine COX-2 expression in MEMix pretreated Raw 264.7 cells. Up to 1 mg/mL concentration, treatment of MEMix for 24 h did not affect normal dermal fibroblast viability and significantly reduced cell viability of HaCaT cells with no concentration dependency. MEMix increased DPPH radical scavenging activity with concentration dependency. Radical scavenging activities by 1 mg/mL of MEMix was comparable with 30 µM of trolox. Pretreatment of MEMix did not change the reduction of Raw 264.7 cell viability. Exposure of LPS in Raw 264.7 cells significantly increased NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and PGE2 productions, and MEMix pretreatment attenuated these productions by LPS concentration dependently. However, pretreatment with MEMix did not change COX-2 expression by LPS in Raw 264.7 cells. MEMix showed in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. MEMix would be useful candidate agent against inflammation.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.351-362
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• 2004

고정식 교정 치료시 교정용 밴드가 장착된 치아의 치주조직 손상은 접착된 치아에서 보다 자주 발생한다. 일반 치과치료에 사용되는 시멘트는 세포독성을 지닌 것으로 알려져 있으므로 치주조직과 직접 접촉하거나 구강 내에서 밴드시멘트의 성분들이 용출되는 교정용 밴드 시멘트는 치주조직의 손상을 일으키는 원인이 될 수 있다 그러므로 교정용 밴드 시멘트의 생체 친화성은 재료의 물성과 함께 중요하게 고려되어야 할 사항이다. 이 연구의 목적은 교정용 밴드 시멘트의 세포독성을 평가하는 것으로 현재 임상에서 널리 사용되고 있는zinc phosphate cement (ZPC), glass ionomer (GI), resin modified glass ionomer (RMGI), compomer의 생체 친화성을 평가하기 위해 human gingiva fibroblast를 배양하고 이 세포에 대한 세포수 산정 및 세포 형태관찰, MTT(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, 한천중층시험 등의 세포독성 검사를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 세포수 산정 및 형태 관찰 시험에서 Gl>ZPC, RMGI, RMG124, GI24>compomer24, ZPC24, compomer 순으로 세포독성이 높게 나타났다. 2. MTT assay 에서는 GI>ZPC, RMGI>GI24>ZPC24, compomer, RMGI24, compomer24 순으로 세포독성이 높게 나타났다. 3. 한천중층시험에서 는 GI>GI24, ZPC, ZPC24, RMGI>RMG124, compomer, compomer24 순으로 세포독성 이 높게 나타났다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.312-318
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• 2010

Multilayer Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA)/ Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) bone plates were fabricated using electrospinning and in vitro investigations were carried out for pre-clinical biocompatibility studies. The initial cellular cytotoxicity of the methacrylate (PMMA)/ Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) bone plates was measured by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay using fibroblast-like L-929 cells. Cellular adhesion and differentiation studies were carried out using osteoblast-like MG-63 cells. As simulated body fluid (SBF) contains the same ionic concentration of body fluid and any bioactive material tends to deposit bone-like apatite on the samples surfaces into the SBF, in vitro bioactivity of the multilayer bone plates were investigated using SBF. We also studied the internal organization and tensile strength of the multilayer PMMA/PVA bone plates using micro-computed topography (${\mu}$-CT) and universal testing instrument (UTI, Korea) respectively. The cellular cytotoxicity study with MTT confirmed that the cellular viability was 78 to 90% which indicates good cyto-compatibility. Scanning electron microscopic findings revealed a good attachment and adhesion phenomenon of MG-63 cells onto the surfaces of the samples. Cellular differentiation studies also showed that osteogenic differentiation was switched on in a timely manner and affirmed along with that of the control group. Bone-like apatite formation on the surfaces was confirmed within 14 days of SBF incubation. Initial organizations of the multilayer PMMA/PVA bone plates were characterized as dense and uniform. The tensile strength of the post-pressing electronspun mat was higher than that of the pre-electronspun mat. These results suggest that a multilayer PMMA/PVA bone plate system is biocompatible, bioactive and a very good alternative bone plate system.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.291-296
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• 2022

퇴행성 신경질환 치료를 위한 AChE inhibitor 관련 연구로써 생물학적 유용성을 높인 커큐민에 대한 연구를 수행하게 되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 아리큐민(강황추출물)에 대한 in vitro 신경보호 효과를 확인하는데 있다. 신경보호효과를 확인하기 위해 아리큐민(강황추출물)에 대한 AChE inhibition을 평가하였고, HT-22 세포에 대한 세포생존율을 분석하였으며, 산화스트레스(glutamate, H₂O₂) 유발에 따른 HT-22 세포생존을 확인하였다. 아리큐민(강황추출물)의 AChE 저해율 변화결과 아리큐민 39.06㎍/㎖ 이상의 농도에서 약 20% 이상의 AChE 활성을 저해하는 것으로 확인하였다. 그리고 산화스트레스(glutamate 5 mM 및 H₂O₂ 500 µM) 유발 HT-22 cell의 세포 독성을 0.01~0.1 mg/ml 농도에서부터 유의하게 억제하는 것을 확인하였다(p<0.05). 이와 같은 결과로 볼 때 아리큐민(강황추출물)은 신경보호 효과 효능이 우수한 것으로 확인되었다.