• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.355-366
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the antioxidant level, serum cholesterol and skin ${\beta}$-carotene, of female elderly who had been living more then 10 months in institutions which offered either vegetarian or non vegetarian diet. Methods: Total of 110 female elderly, 56 from institution serving vegetarian diet and 54 from nonvegetarian diet, were recruited from institutions located in S and N city in Korea. ${\beta}$-carotene level was measured on their palm using Pharmanex Biophotonic Scanner and annual health evaluation data was utilized for the analysis of serum cholesterol. Results: The subjects on a vegetarian diet had a significantly higher level of phosphorus, carotene, and folic acid. The elderly who were living in an institution offering a vegetarian diet had a lower level of serum cholesterol and higher level of skin ${\beta}$-carotene, compared to those living in an institution offering a non-vegetarian diet. Conclusion: This study reveals that a vegetarian diet is beneficial in increasing skin ${\beta}$-carotene level, decreasing serum total cholesterol level. The skin ${\beta}$-carotene measurement appear valuable as a bio-marker of antioxidant intake. Further study on antioxidant food and effective serving strategy for elderly are recommended.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.219-229
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify awareness levels in regard to preconception care and gender differences targeting single undergraduate students in their 20s. Methods: The study participants were 867 single undergraduate students aged 20~29 (523 women, 344 men). This was a descriptive research, in which awareness levels of preconception care and pregnancy were identified the through questionnaire surveys. Results: Gender differences in the awareness of reproductive care before conception were found. Generally, women's awareness of issues related to preconception care and pregnancy was higher than that of men. Women recognized risk factors in pregnancy ($x^2$=22.85, p<.001) and positive behaviors ($x^2$=10.91, p=.012) better than men. Women's awareness of preconception care was significantly higher than that of men (t=8.37, p<.001). The awareness levels of the students who completed a reproduction related class (t=3.16, p=.002) and the students who knew about folic acid (t=-10.78, p<.001) in preconception care were statistically significantly higher. Conclusion: The results indicate that the ways to educate and alert students to major risk factors before pregnancy and other reproductive care content before conception is to provide education both single women and single men.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.841-847
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate on bone density and nutrient intake of university students in Seoul area. Nutrient intake data were obtained by using the 24-hour recall method to evaluate the usual diet of the subjects. BQI(bone quality index) of the subjects was measured by an Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS). The results are summarized as follows: The average height, weight, BMI of the male and female student were 173.3 cm, 68.5 kg, 22.7; 161.4 cm, 54.2 kg, 20.8, respectively. The BQI and Z-score of the subjects were 99.50, -0.69 in male student group, and 82.6, -1.15 in female student group, respectively. Normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis percentage by bone status were 73.8%, 24.9%, 1.3% in male student group, and 39.8%, 57.6%, 2.6% in female student group, respectively. Energy intake of male and female group were 71.7%, 79.1% of EER(estimated energy requirement) respectively. Fiber, Ca, Vit $B_2$, niacin, folic acid, Vit C intake were less than RI(recommended intake) and protein, phosphorus intake were higher than RI in subjects. Nutrient intake were not significantly related with BQI in male and female groups generally.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2011

Women's nutrition has received little attention in nutrition programming, even though clinical trials and intervention trials have suggested that dietary improvement or supplementation with several nutrients may improve their health, especially in low-income settings, the main focus of this paper. Most attention so far has focused on how improvements in maternal nutrition can improve health outcomes for infants and young children. Adequate vitamin D and calcium nutrition throughout life may reduce the risk of osteoporosis, and calcium supplementation during pregnancy may reduce preeclampsia and low birth weight. To reduce neural tube defects, additional folic acid and possibly vitamin $B_{12}$ need to be provided to non-deficient women before they know they are pregnant. This is best achieved by fortifying a staple food. It is unclear whether maternal vitamin A supplementation will lead to improved health outcomes for mother or child. Iron, iodine and zinc supplementation are widely needed for deficient women. Multimicronutrient supplementation (MMS) in place of the more common iron-folate supplements given in pregnancy in low-income countries may slightly increase birth weight, but its impact on neonatal mortality and other outcomes is unclear. More sustainable alternative approaches deserve greater research attention.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.713-724
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• 2013

This study examines the effects of smoking on the health and nutrient intake of male adults. The subjects recruited are divided into two groups according to non-smokers (n=64), and smokers (n=50). The results show that the non-smokers are significantly more interested in health and maintain more frequency of weekly exercise as compared to the smokers. Smokers reported that the main reason for failures in quitting attempts was a lack of willingness (62.0%). 44.0% of smoker would be interested in attending a smoking cessation program if they had the opportunities to do so. The non-smoker is considered healthy, and ate a regular diet, and low in fat-rich foods compared to the smokers. The non-smokers and smokers consume lower intakes of vitamin $B_2$, folic acid, and calcium (Ca). On the other hand, intakes of phosphorus, and sodium are the highest among all groups. In the case of smokers, increased intakes of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables should be encouraged, and the nutrition education for low-salt-type foods is also recommended.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.313-326
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a nutrition education program for the elderly at a public health center located in Jinhae city. The one group pretest and posttest design was conducted using self-administered questionnaire survey. Nutrition education lessons based on social cognitive theory (2 hours/lesson, 3 times) were provided to 27 female elderly(${\geq}65$ yrs) for a month. After the nutrition education, number of exercise increased and preference for sweetness decreased significantly (p<0.05). The outcome expectations, the knowledge of nutrition (p<0.001), and behavioral capability (p<0.05) score were significantly increased. There were significant increases in all nutrient intake. NAR was increased significantly in protein, calcium and vitamin C (p<0.01), dietary fiber, iron, zinc, thiamin, niacin and folic acid (p<0.001), and riboflavin (p<0.05). INQ was increased significantly in thiamin, vitamin B6 and niacin (p<0.05), and dietary fiber (p<0.01). The score of nutrition education satisfaction was high (4.52). The results of this study suggested that the nutritional education program based on social cognitive theory had a positive effect on dietary behavior changes, and nutrition intake status among female elderly even after short-term intervention.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Community Living Science Conference
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• 2009.09a
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• pp.91-91
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• 2009

Pulses are an annual leguminous crop yielding from one to twelve grains or seeds. This study was used eight pulses except for green beans. We evaluated the chemical characteristics of these raw pulses produced in Korea. The nutritional and functional contents such as moisture, carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid, ash, dietary fiber, minerals(Ca, P, Fe, Na, and K), vitamins (A, E, C, B groups, folic acid, and niacin), total polyphenol, carotenoid, and flavonoid containing isoflavone were investigated. As a results, all raw samples were shown the high levels of almost nutritional contents (especially, protein, fats, and fat-soluble vitamins). In addition, yellow soybeans, red bean, and kidney bean were high the contents of total polyphenol. Of the functional contents, three lands of the yellow soybeans were shown the high flavonoid. This study represent much to provide the fundamental nutrition and function data in pulses because they have significant nutritional and health advantages for humans.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.13
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• pp.5389-5396
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• 2015

Diet is one of the major factors that can exert a majorly influence on colorectal cancer risk. This systematic review aimed to find correlations between various diet types, food or nutrients and colorectal cancer risk among Asian populations. Search limitations include dAsian populations residing in Asia, being published from the year 2008 till present, and written in the English language. A total of 16 articles were included in this systematic review. We found that red meats, processed meats, preserved foods, saturated/animal fats, cholesterol, high sugar foods, spicy foods, tubers or refined carbohydrates have been found by most studies to have a positive association with colorectal cancer risk. Inversely, calcium/dairy foods, vitamin D, general vegetable/fruit/fiber consumption, cruciferous vegetables, soy bean/soy products, selenium, vitamins C,E and B12, lycophene, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, folic acid and many other vitamins and minerals play a protective role against colorectal cancer risk. Associations of fish and seafood consumption with colorectal cancer risk are still inconclusive due to many varying findings, and require further more detailed studies to pinpoint the actual correlation. There is either a positive or no association for total meat consumption or white meats, however their influence is not as strong as with red and processed meats.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.565-572
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate nutritional intakes and preference food and blood composition of female college students of premenstrual syndrome. Based on physical measurement test results, both groups showed no noticeable difference and both groups were within the normal range according to body composition analysis. In terms of nutrients consumption, results showed nutritional intakes more than EAR(estimated average requirements) included phosphorus>vitamin $B_6$>vitamin $B_1$, while nutritional intakes less than EAR were vitamin A>vitamin $B_6$>calcium>folic acid. A significant difference was observed for vitamin C intake(p<0.05). The overall mean values of basic blood(WBC, RBC, Hct, and Hb), sex hormone(Estrogen, Progesterone), aldosterone, cortisol, Cu, Zn, and Ca, Mg indices in female college students were within the normal range and there was no significant difference between the PMS group and the Normal group. In conclusion, vitamin C intake of the PMS group showed a level of 84.8% EAR. Therefore vitamin C supplement can be beneficial to relieve the PMS Syndrome.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.100-113
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• 2023

This was a clinical trial study to aid the recovery of elderly female alcoholic liver disease patients by providing a balanced nutritional supplement comprising soymilk. All patients gave their consent before enrolling. The average demographics of the subjects were age 81.57 years, height 150.43 cm, weight 52.67 kg, and body mass index 24.15 kg/m². An increase in the daily consumption of fruits and fruit juice was observed after the patients had started taking the balanced meal as compared to before. Intakes of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, and cholesterol decreased after consuming soymilk, whereas vitamin B₁₂, niacin, folic acid, and dietary fiber significantly increased (P<0.05). Blood cholesterol and BUN levels showed a decreasing tendency. Our results indicate that consuming soymilk in a balanced diet for female patients afflicted with alcoholic liver disease helps improve their nutritional status by increasing the nutrients lacking in the body.