• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.282-290
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• 2004

Purpose: The measure the degree of computer game addiction; to examine the relationship between computer game addiction and contributing factors; and to discover the predictors of computer game addiction of elementary school children of Korea. Method: Data were assembled from questionnaires distributed among 455 children from four elementary schools in Gyung-buk Province. Result: The level of computer game addiction of subjects was rather low, and correlated significantly with gender, academic performance, family economic status, playmates for leisure time, place of playing computer game, length of the habit of playing game, average playing time of game per day, frequency of PC-room(Internet Cafe for game) visits per week, game partners and reasons for playing game. Multiple regression analysis showed that 45％ of the computer game addiction was significantly related to gender(21％), impulsiveness(10％), average playing time of game per day(9％), depression(2％) and other variables(3％) such as playmates for leisure time, academic performance and frequency of PC-room visits per week. Conclusion: We suggest these results be used to develop a computer game addiction prevention program.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.27-49
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• 2004

The abuse of the internet creates the problem of ′Internet Addiction′ in the lives of college students. The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics and effects of ′Internet Addiction′ in college students. Data was gathered by in-depth interviews with 13 college students who use the internet addictively. The internet addictive group was divided into three subtypes:internet game addicts, personal relation addicts and majors in computer science. There were many characteristic differences among the internet addict subtypes in internet use, and psycho-social traits, such as self-efficacy, impulsiveness, and time management ability. The effects of "Internet Addiction" in the lives of college students were divided into five categories: emotional problems, physical problems, family relationship problems, friendship problems, and schoolwork problems. This study suggests some implications on developing programs for managing and schoolwork problems. This study suggests some implications on developing programs for managing and preventing "Internet Addiction."

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권10호
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• pp.1600-1607
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• 2013

부산에 거주하는 중학생 30명을 대상으로 영양교육이 가공식품 섭취빈도 및 인성특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 영양교육 후 육가공품류, 냉동식품류, 면류, 빵류 및 과자류와 음료류의 가공식품 섭취 빈도가 유의적으로 감소하였다. 또한 인성특성에서는 영양교육 전보다 영양교육 후 안정성, 지배성, 사회성과 책임성은 높아졌고 충동성은 낮아졌다. 특히 안정성이 높은 그룹에서 우유 및 유제품류의 섭취빈도가 높게 나타났으며, 안정성이 낮은 그룹에서는 육가공품류, 면류, 빵류 및 과자류, 음료류의 섭취빈도가 높게 나타났다. 충동성이 높은 그룹에서는 육가공품류, 냉동식품류, 면류, 빵류 및 과자류의 섭취빈도가 높은 것으로 나타났고, 충동성이 낮은 그룹에서는 통조림류의 섭취빈도가 높았다. 인성특성과 혈청 무기질의 상관관계에서는 Ca, Fe, Zn, Mg과 K의 경우 안정성, 지배성, 사회성, 책임성에서 양의 상관관계를 가졌으며, 충동성에서 음의 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 Na은 안정성, 지배성, 사회성과 책임성에서 음의 상관관계를 가진 것으로 나타났고, 충동성에서 양의 상관관계를 가진 것으로 나타났다. 또한 혈청 무기질 농도와 인성특성 간의 관계를 살펴보기 위해 영양교육 전과 후 혈청 무기질 농도의 변화를 비교해 본 결과, Na의 농도는 감소하였고 Ca, Fe, Zn, Mg과 K의 농도는 증가하였다. Fe, Zn는 안정성, 지배성, 사회성, 책임성과 양의 상관관계를 가지며, 영양교육 후 농도는 증가하였다. 반면 Na은 충동성과 양의 상관관계를 가지며, 영양교육 후 농도는 감소하였다. 본 연구로 영양교육은 중학생들의 가공식품 섭취 빈도에 영향을 줄 뿐만 아니라 인성특성에도 긍정적인 변화를 줌을 확인할 수 있었다. 이로써 지속적인 영양교육을 실시하고 올바른 식습관이 유지될 수 있는 교육 프로그램을 개발한다면 청소년들의 건전한 식습관의 형성과 인성특성까지도 긍정적으로 변화시킬 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2013

Objectives : The objective of this study is to find out the differences in psychopathology, temperament, and character factors between young adults with and without childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Methods : The subjects consisted of 314 university students (male=72, female=242) in Gongju. They were divided into childhood ADHD group (N=54) and normal group (N=260) to the Wender-Utah Rating Scale. Participants were assessed using Korean Adult ADHD Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Kimberly Young's Internet Addiction Test, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Paranoia Scale, Korean-Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale, and Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised. Descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square, spearman correlation, and stepwise multiple regression were applied to analyze the data. Results : Participants with childhood ADHD symptoms had high level of adult ADHD symptoms (p<.001), impulsiveness (p=.001), depression (p<.001), anxiety (p<.001), internet addiction (p<.001), paranoia tendency (p<.001) and low level of selfesteem (p<.001) compared to normal group. Self-directedness (p<.001) was lower, Harm avoidance (p=.001) and Self-transcendence (p=.029) were higher in the childhood ADHD group. In correlation and stepwise multiple regression, childhood ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with cooperativeness (r=-0.515 and ${\beta}$=-0.547, p<.001 respectively). Conclusion : This result showed that young adults with childhood ADHD symptoms had various forms of psychopathology and childhood ADHD symptoms were influenced by character such as cooperativeness. Therefore, more thorough evaluation regarding childhood ADHD symptoms is needed.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2006

본 연구의 목적은 바이올린 교습 중심의 음악치료 활동이 주의력결핍과잉행동장애 아동들의 집중력과 충동성 조절에 변화를 가져오는지 연구하고 그러한 변화가 일상생활에 전이가 되는지 보고자 하는 것이다. 본 연구는 연령대가 비슷하고 종합병원에서 ADHD라고 진단을 받은 초등학교 2학년, 3학년, 4학년을 대상으로 선정하여, 본 연구자가 8주에 걸쳐 14번의 개별 세션과 마지막 회기의 발표회 연주로 총 15회기를 실시하였다. ADHD 아동의 집중력 향상과 충동성 조절의 변화를 살펴보기 위하여 15회 음악치료 활동 전 후에 실시한 대상 아동의 문제행동측정리스트(K-CBCL) 검사도구 중 주의 집중문제 항목, 단축형 Conners 부모용 평정척도(ACRS), 가정환경 설문지 개정판(CHSQ-R), 개정판 Conners 교사 평정척도(CCTRS-28) 검사 도구의 점수를 비교 분석하였다. 또한, 세션 안에서 보이는 '주의산만행동'과 '학습 외 행동'은 빈도수 기록으로 나타내었으며, '학습 외 행동' 중 가만히 있지 못하고 손발을 움직이는 '손발 행동'은 등간 기록법, '주의집중시간'은 지속 시간 기록법으로 표시하였다. 위의 척도들이 가지는 양적인 데이터의 단점을 보완하기 위하여 아동들이 음악활동에서 보여 준 집중력과 충동 조절에 관한 반응을 질적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 바이올린 교습 중심의 음악치료 실시 후 ADHD 아동의 집중력과 충동성 조절이 향상되었으며 가정이나 학급에서 발생하는 문제 행동 감소에 효과가 있음이 확인되었다. 본 연구는 선행 연구가 빈약한 분야인 바이올린 교습을 치료적으로 적용하여 실제 ADHD 아동을 대상으로 음악치료 활동의 효과를 입증한 점에서 의의가 있다. 즉 기존의 약물치료와 인지행동치료의 제한점으로 인해 모든 ADHD 아동들에게 그러한 치료를 적용할 수 없다는 한계와 현실적인 한국 상황 내 치료 관행을 고려해 볼 때, 바이올린 교습 중심의 음악치료적 접근이 ADHD 아동에 대한 치료적인 대안이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.74-104
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• 1986

This study aims at investigating the correlation between such variables as a child's family circumstance and personality and that of the child's mathematical ability. For the objects of the study five hundreds and sixteen students (male 273, female 243) were andomly selected from the fifth grade primary school students in the city of Seoul. For the tool of measure the investigation of Korean family circumstances with particular characteristics, the personality test by Chong Pom Mo and Kim Ho Kwon, and the intelligence test by Lee Sang Ro, Chin Whal Kyo and Pyon Chang Jin were employed. For the statistical analysis S. A. S. C., the statistical analysis package of KAIST was employed. The resutis of the test can be summarized as follows. The correlation between the variable of family Circumstance and that of mathematical alility 1) In case of the significance level 0.05 the education of the childs mother and the order of the child's birth have much to do with the perception speed. In case of the significance level 0.1 it makes some difference in the child's perception spead whether the clild's mother has a job or not. 2) In case of the significance level 0.05 the education of the child's father and mother, the father's job and the type of habitation have influence on the child's perception of space. 3) In case of the significance level 0.05 the education of the child's father and mother, the father's job, the order of the child's birth, the type of habitation, their religion, and their cultural, and economic standard have influence on the child's ability of inference. 4) In case of the significance level 0.05 the education of the child's father and mother, the father's job, the type of habitation, their religion and their cultural and economic standard have influence on the child's ability of calculation. 5) In case of the significance level 0.05 any variable of the child's family circumstance has nothing to do with the child's memory. In case of the significance level 0, 1 the type of family and the type of habitation have effect on the child's memory. 6) In case of the significance level 0.05 the education of the child's parents, the jobs of the parents, the type of habtation, their religion, and their cultural and economic standard have influence on the child's linguistic notion. The correlation between the variable of the child's personality and that of the child's mathematical ability 1) In regard to the priority of the variables influencing the child's perception speed, the child's discretion comes first in order, and then sociability and impulsiveness of the child. 2) The child's discretion has effect on the child's space perception. 3) The child's discretion has effect on the child's ability of inference. 4) In regard to the child's ability of calculation the child's discretion comes first in order, and then impulsiveness and sociability of the child. 5) The child's discretion has effect on memory. 6) The child's discretion has effect on the child's linguistic notion.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1632-1640
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• 2014

본 연구는 대학생의 스마트폰 중독에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하여 스마트폰 중독예방을 위한 효과적인 중재프로그램을 개발하는데 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행되었다. 자료는 2013년 4월 29일부터 5월 16일까지 대학생 354명으로부터 수집되었으며 수집된 자료는 t-test와 다중회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 본 연구에서는 스마트폰 고위험 사용자군은 6.2%, 잠재적위험 사용자군은 21.2%로 스마트폰 중독률이 27.4%로 나타났다. 대학생 스마트폰 중독에 영향을 미치는 요인을 조사해본 결과, 일반적 특성에는 성별, 주중 및 주말 일 평균 스마트폰 사용시간, 스마트폰 사용 중 손목통증 유무, 스마트폰 사용 중 사고 유무, 주요변수에서는 사회성, 충동성, SNS 중독이 스마트폰 중독의 영향요인으로 나타났다. 즉, 여학생일수록(${\beta}=0.149$, p<.001), 주중 일 평균 스마트폰 사용시간이 많을수록(${\beta}=0.292$, p=.001), 주말 일 평균 스마트폰 사용시간이 많을수록(${\beta}=0.390$, p<.001), 스마트폰 사용 중 손목통증이 있을수록(${\beta}=0.148$, p<.001), 스마트폰 사용 중 사고가 있을수록(${\beta}=0.133$, p=.002), 사회성이 낮을수록(${\beta}=-0.099$, p=.029), 충동성이 높을수록(${\beta}=0.211$, p<.001), SNS 중독 정도가 높을수록(${\beta}=0.376$, p<.001) 대학생 스마트폰 중독 가능성이 높은 것으로 예측되었으며 모형 설명력은 43.3%였다. 따라서 대학생 스마트폰 중독을 효과적으로 예방하기 위해서는 이러한 영향 변인들을 고려하여 중독정도에 따른 차별화된 중재전략을 개발 적용하는 것이 필요하다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.157-171
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aims to present a database for the development of a healthcare management program based on the survey and analysis of self reported psychosomatic symptoms among the current dental technology students. Methods: Subjects of our study are 480 dental technology major students enrolled in a third year college located Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, and Gangwon province. Using a random sampling, we conducted a self-report survey from August 30, 2011 to October 28, 2011 and 418 reports were collected as feedback and we put an analysis on them. Results: 1. The average physical self symptom was 20.49, which is higher than the average mental self symptom(18.54). Of the subcategories of psychosomatic self symptom, we observed multiple subjective symptoms as the highest one(37.77), and aggression as the lowest(13.77). 2. As to gender, both physical and mental self symptom were statistically significant with the scale score of(p<.001). The scale score of subcategories is as follows; multiple subjective symptoms(I, p<.001), eye and skin(B, p<.001), digestive(C, p<.001), impulsiveness(H, p<.001), lie scale(L, p<.001), mental instability(J, p<.001), depression(K, p<.001), aggression(F, p<.001), irregularity of life(G, p<.001), mouth and anal(D, p<.05), nervousness(E, p<.05). 3. As for obesity, statistical significance was shown with the scale scores of physical self symptom(p<.001), multiple subjective symptoms(I, p<.001), digestive(C, p<.001), aggression(F, p<.001), depression(K, p<.01), irregularity of life(G, p<.01), respiratory(A, p<.05), eye and skin(B, p<.05), impulsiveness(H, p<.05), mental instability(J, p<.05). The scale scores in the environmental quality and life satisfaction were shown as follows; depression(K, p<.001), lie scale(L, p<.01), and irregularity of life(G, p<.05). 4. We employed multiple regression analysis to take account of general factors affecting psychosomatic self symptoms, and drew that the explanatory power of the model was proved with the scales of physical self symptom(4.1%) and mental self-symptom(3.6%). Obesity was a factor that affects physical self symptom with the scale score of(p<.01), and environmental quality and life satisfaction(p<.01) and obesity(p<.05) affect mental self symptom. Conclusion: In this analysis we observed obesity of dental technology students can influence their psychosomatic self symptoms. In this sense, it would be reasonable to develop a healthcare management and education programs that help the students maintain a healthy weight and promote their health.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.85-95
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• 1994

The effects of media violence on the delinquent behavior and violence of children and adolescent are controversial. However, a small but genuine association appears to exist between media violence and aggression or violence. At the present, for a considerable proportion of the population of children and adolescent, delinquent behavior and violence has become a major problem and a way of life. One factor contributing to this problem has been assumed to be the negative influence of mass media including television, drama, videotapes and fiction magazines and so on. Therefore, this paper is intended to discriminate the causal relationship of influence of mass media and juvenile delinquent behavior and violence and to provide nine hypotheses derived from reviewing the literature related to mass media and delinquent behavior. The nine hypotheses are as follows : 1. The presence of modeling mass media crime themes and the extent of interest in and exposure of children and adolescent to media violence themes will be positively correlated to their delinquent(aggressive) behavior. 2. A higher positive correlation will be revealed between interest in and exposure to media violence themes and aggressive behavior among adolescent having parental rejection than among adolescent not experiencing parental rejection. 3. A higher positive relationship will be found between interest in and exposure to mass media crime themes and delinquent behavior among youth having need deprivation than among youth not having need frustration. 4. A higher positive relationship will be presented between the presence of imitating mass media crime themes and interest in and exposure to media violence themes and delinquent or aggressive behavior among youth dysplaying their maladaptive character tendency than among those adolescent dysplaying adaptive character tendency. 5. A higher positively correlating relationship will be shown between interest in and exposure to mass media crime themes and delinquent behavior among youth with a higher scores of depressive trend than among those youth having few or no depression. 6. A higher positive relationship will be found between interest in and exposure to media violence themes and aggressive behavior among adolescent complaining of a high degree of psychosomatic complaints than among those youth having few or no psychosomatic complaints. 7. A higher positive correlation will be appeared between interest in and exposure to mass media crime themes and delinquent behavior among youth displaying aggressive impulsiveness than among those youth having few or no aggressive impulsiveness. 8. A higher positive relationship will be found between interest in and exposure to media violence themes and aggressive behavior among youth having antisocial character or neurotic character with weak ego functioning than among those adolescent not having antisocial character or neurotic character with weak ego functioning. 9. A higher positive correlation will be existed between interest in and exposure to mass media crime themes and delinquent behavior among adolescent displaying the lack of sociality than among those youth not having the lack of sociality. The above nine hypotheses will be tested by statistical methods including Chi-square test, simple correlation, principal component analysis, principal component regression analysis and LISREL path analysis.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제50권
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• pp.173-207
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 청소년의 인터넷 중독 및 사이버 성중독의 정도와 심리사회적 변인을 살펴보고, 이들 변인들이 인터넷 중독 및 사이버 성중독과 각각 어떠한 관계에 있는지를 규명하고자 한다. 또한 인터넷 중독으로 인한 문제행동들을 파악하고, 인터넷 중독과 사이버 성중독과의 관련성을 알아보고자 한다. 이를 위해 중 고등학생 1,692명을 대상으로 조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 연구대상 청소년의 2%정도가 심각한 인터넷 '중증중독' 상태에 있고, 약 47%정도가 중독의 위험에 빠져 있는 '초기중독' 상태에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 청소년의 우울과 충동성이 클수록, 자아존중감이 낮을수록, 부모의 양육행동이 나쁠수록, 학교생활 만족도가 낮을수록 인터넷 중독정도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 인터넷 중독에 의한 문제행동은 7가지로 유형화되었고, 인터넷 중독 정도가 심할수록 문제행동을 더 많이 일으킨다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 넷째, 청소년의 0.7% 정도가 심각한 사이버 성의 '중증중독' 상태에 있고, 약 7%는 '초기중독' 상태에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 청소년의 우울과 충동성이 클수록, 자아존중감이 낮을수록, 부부관계와 부모의 양육행동, 친구관계와 교사관계가 나쁠수록 사이버 성중독에 많이 빠지는 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로, 사이버 성중독은 인터넷 중독의 정도가 심할수록 더 심해지며, 사이버 성중독의 정도가 심할수록 성개방성, 성평등성, 성긍정성도 높은 것으로 나타났다.