• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.109-124
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• 2005

The study on the critical success factors (CSF) for electronic commerce systems has been a hot topic in both academe and industry. On the basis of reviewing papers on CSF and analyzing their problems, this paper designs the initial assessment indictors and website features and functions influencing EC success. Using Delphi survey and data analysis, we get the five important assessment indictors and seven important web features and functions. Furthermore, the hypothesis of CSF model is proposed. Finally, we conduct a survey on the Chinese Publishing Industry to test the hypothesis. The result shows that the hypothesis is partly supported, which means useful and understandable information, complete and timely information, credible and accurate information, all product-related information are the critical success factors for EC publishing industry. This research not only impels EC research in China, but also has instructional effect on the implementation of EC for enterprises to increase the success rate of EC.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.271-279
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• 2010

We conducted a quantitative human health risk assessment with respect to inhalation of heavy metals for residents of housing developments in "new towns" where an incinerator will be operated within the area scheduled for construction thereof. To assess potential human health risk we calculated the amount of heavy metals emitted from the incinerator, and then forecasted the potential health impact on adjoining areas where new housing is to be developed (i.e. "new towns") at different altitudes by a using SCREEN-3 model. We assessed Cancer Risk (CR) caused by known carcinogens using the Inhalation Unit Risk criteria developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Notably, we assessed risk by determining concentrations of heavy metals on a floor by floor basis, as apartment buildings are to be constructed near the incinerator according to a pre-devised plan. Results indicated that cancer risk for most carcinogens exceeded US EPA standards for the highest locations at each collection point. This result indicates that construction of high buildings in areas adjoining incinerators is undesirable, and that measures to lower carcinogens are needed. The results of this study, which assessed health risk from exposure to heavy metals emitted from a nearby incinerator, can be useful in land use planning with respect to the location of housing developments in new towns, as well as the heights of any buildings constructed. Furthermore, the methodology deployed herein with respect to risk assessment can be helpful for policy makers and the general public in the event of conflicts regarding incinerator projects in the future. The results herein may also be of merit in determining priorities when establishing harm reduction measures for carcinogens at incinerators. However, the study does contain several limitations. The SCREEN-3 model, a kind of screening model that provides conservative results, can provide higher forecasted concentrations of air pollutants than other models. Moreover, although the incinerator in question is set to be a thermoselect type, domestic data for emissions from these incinerators is not available, and assumptions were based on a stoker type incinerator. Insufficient domestic data likewise compelled the use of data of USA, resulting in possible errors in results. Continued research will thus be required to develop systematic methodologies that address the foregoing factors and produce more reliable outcomes.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2007년도 7th International Meeting on Information Display 제7권2호
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• pp.1494-1496
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• 2007

This paper deals with image quality analysis considering the impact of psychological factors involved in assessment. The attributes of image quality requirement were partitioned according to the visual perception characteristics and the preference of image quality were obtained by the factor analysis method. The features of image quality which support the subjective preference were identified, The adequacy of image is evidenced to be the top requirement issues to the display image quality improvement.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.126-134
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• 1998

In this paper, the field test by truck load and the structural analysis were performed on a prestressed concrete beam bridge to investigate the load carrying capacity of the prestressed concrete beam bridges. From the results of the field test and the structural analysis, CAF (composite action factor), TIF(transformed impact factor), and $P_n$(load carrying capacity) of the prestressed concrete beam bridges were studied, and the load carrying capacity assessment of the prestressed concrete beam bridges were carried out using these factors.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.639-648
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• 2013

Unconventional natural gas resources are now estimated to be as large as conventional resources. Unconventional natural gas has became an increasingly important source of energy in the world since the start of this century. The factors that drive natural gas demand and supply point more and more to a future in which natural gas plays greater role in the global energy mix. The expansion of using natural gas will be expected in Korea. This research aims to analyze environmental impacts of expansion of unconventional natural gas. This research was carried out for comparative analysis between global energy mix and Korea energy mix, and developed a case that reflect the changed energy mix due to the expansion of unconventional natural gas in Korea. Also this research evaluate the production of air pollutants and the cost of the damage in power generation sector. The results of this research can be summarized as that natural gas portion of future global energy mix (about 25%) is greater than Korea energy mix (about 12%). This research developed a case that replace 10% energy of power generation sector to natural gas in the 6th demand supply program, reflecting the changed energy mix due to the expansion of natural gas use. In that case, air pollutants would be reduced gradually through 2015 to 2027. In detail, carbon dioxide reduces 22 million tons and environmental damage cost reduces 4500 billion won by 2027.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.91-106
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• 1993

The objective of this study is to prepare a proposal for desired changes in the laws and regulations system of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) about cultural assets preservation. The related Korean regulatory system and literature for EIA have been surveyed and case studies have been analyzed and actual cases where cultural assets protection were of issue have been studied to deduce the problems of those areas. Based on the result of this study, proposed changes are as follows; 1. "Status of cultural Assets" is to be included as common assessment factor for all categories of object projects in "Table 2: Essential Assessment Factors for Individual Project Category" of "Ordinance for Preparation of EIA Statement, etc." 2. "Status of Underground Cultural Assets and Potential Underground Cultural Assets" is to be inserted as a survey factor in "Table 3:Format of and Instruction for Impact Statement". 3. The clause of "-- the survey should be performed on-site and the investigation report should be submitted." is to be inserted in methods of survey in "Table 3". 4. Ground survey of cultural assets should be performed prior to completion of project planning, that is, from the stage of pre-study for site selection. 5. The application of impact abatement from "Methods and Plants for Impacts Abatement" of "Report for Development of EIA Statement Technologies" should be included, with proper modification of timing, in "Ordinance for Preparation of EIA Statement, etc." 6. The expense liability clause in "Cultural Assets Preservation Act" is to be revised as "a certain ratio of expenses for excavation should be borne by the government." 7. Regulatory device for collecting appropriate opinions should be established. It may include Cultural Assets Preservation Committee's hearing to the project owner's opinion. be established. It may include Cultural Assets Preservation Committee's hearing to the project owner's opinion.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 1999

The comparative evaluation is the most effective method for site selection because the selection of waste treatment facility is to determine the optimum site out of limited candidate sites. This study adopted the ordinal scale evaluation, one of methods of comparative evaluation. The ordinal scale evaluation aims to determine the investigating items referring to the character of sites, to determine the importance factors for investigating items, and to determine the optimum site according to the quantitative evaluation. As a result of this study, the defects of the former reports on the environmental characteristics, such as obscurity of meaning and subjective statement, were reduced by the ordinal scale evaluation which is one of the quantitative evaluation methods. This ordinal scale evaluation method has some valuable advantages, such as, to be able to consider the cost-effect efficiency, to consider the objectiveness and the clearness of the reports on the environmental characteristics. Therefore the reducement of social complications about site selection of the indisposed facilities could be expected by this study.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2018

Based on the previous studies on sinkholes and ground subsidence conducted until date, the factors affecting the occurrence of sinkholes can be divided into natural environmental factors and human environmental factors in accordance with the purpose of the study. Furthermore, to be more specific, the human environment can be classified into the artificial type and the social type. In this study, the assessment indices for assessing risks of sinkholes and ground subsidence were developed by performing AHP analysis based on the results of the study by Lee et al. (2016), who selected the risk factors for the occurrence of sinkholes by performing Delphi analysis targeting relevant experts. Analysis showed that the artificial environmental factors were of significance in affecting the occurrence of sinkholes. Explicitly, the underground factors were found to be of importance in the natural environment, and among them, the level of underground water turned out to be an imperative influencing factor. In the artificial environment, the underground and subterranean structures exhibited similar importance, and in the underground structures, the excessive use of the underground space was found to be an important influencing factor. In the subterranean ones, the level of water leakage and the erosion of the water supply and sewage piping system were the influential factors, and in the surface, compaction failure was observed as an imperative factor. In the social environment, the regional development, and above all, the groundwater overuse were found to be important factors. In the managemental and institutional environment, the improper construction management proved to be the most important influencing factor.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.378-387
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• 2023

석유화학은 전체 산업에너지 소비량 중 약 30%를 소비하는 에너지 다소비 업종으로써 대표적인 이산화탄소(carbon dioxide, CO₂) 배출원이다. 그 중 에틸렌, 프로필렌, 프로판 및 혼합 C4를 생산하는 납사 분해 공정(naphtha cracking center, NCC)은 많은 양의 에너지를 소비하고 상당한 양의 CO₂를 배출한다. 이러한 이유로 경제성과 환경적 측면에서의 효율성을 보장하기 위해 에너지 사용량 및 환경 영향 인자 감소를 목표로 하는 통합 기술경제적-환경영향 평가가 필요하다. 본 연구는 핀치분석에 근거하여 기존 NCC에서 사용되는 열 교환망의 효율성을 분석하고 이를 통해 에너지 사용량을 감축 시킬 수 있는 개선안을 선정하는 것을 목표로 한다. 공정 내 유틸리티 소비량을 줄이기 위하여 고온 스트림과 저온 스트림 사이를 고려한 최적의 열 교환망을 도출하고, 유틸리티 사용량 감소와 열교환기 설치 비용 증가 사이의 트레이드 오프를 고려하여 경제성 평가를 진행하였다. 또한, 환경적 측면을 고려하여 감소된 CO₂ 배출에 대한 환경영향평가를 실시하였고, 경제적-환경 영향 평가는 투자된 자금을 회수하는 회수기간을 사용하여 실제 공정을 바탕으로 적용 가능성이 있는 에너지 절감안을 도출하였다. 경제적-환경영향평가를 고려한 결과 경제성만을 고려한 부분에서는 각 사례별로 4.29개월, 3.21개월, 3.39개월로 나타났고, 경제적-환경 통합 평가의 경우에는 각 사 례별로 4.24개월, 3.17개월, 3.35개월로 각각의 회수기간을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 환경영향평가를 포함하지 않았을 때와 포함하였을 때 모두 동등하게 나타났다. 추가로 주요한 요소가 회수기간에 어느정도 영향을 미치는지 확인하기 위해 각 사례별 민감도 분석을 진행하였다. 민감도 분석결과 열 교환기 비용이 전체적인 비용에 영향을 미치는 주요 원인으로 확인되었다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.33-47
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• 1996

To select the criteria, literature review was made in the quantitative case of conservation biology, foreign country's EIA and domestic ecology. Among them, a few factors was extracted. To applicate the criteria to domestic forest ecosystem, expert opinion survey was executed to the ecologist. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Classification of sites was made of land use system which is related to forest ecosystem or forest conservation. Sites are divided into 3 categories which are nature preservation area, seminature preservation area and urbanized area. Evaluation criteria is consisted of rarity and naturalness. 2. Each area had different criteria composition according to the site characteristics. Criteria of nature preservation area is rarity in the broad sense (distribution pattern of vegetation), vegetation size, successional stage and depth of organic matters. Those of seminature preservation area are rarity in the broad sense (distribution area of vegetation), vegetation size, successional stage, diameter at breath height and depth of organic matters. And those of urbanized area are vegetation distribution in area, successional stage, age of forest and diameter of breath height. The basic data of criterion was gathered by field survey. 3. Evaluation index and total naturalness index was obtained by adding the each criterion. It is made up of two categories-rarity and naturalness. TNi is divided into 3 grades. Grade I is more than 70% for TNi, grade IT is 50~70%, and grade III is below 50%. According to the each grade, permitted action and facilities were suggested.. This research just focuses on the evaluation of vegetation quality and the assessment results do not directly judge conservation or development. To make better evaluation criteria, various fields of forest ecosystem-geological or physical nature environment and fauna ecosystem etc. -will be added wholly to this research.