• Title/Summary/Keyword: Immunomodulation

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Flow Cytometrical Investigation on in vitro Immunomodulating Activity of PJ-4, a Protein-polysaccharide from Culture Flitrate of Insects-born Fungus Paecilomyces Tenuipes DGUM 32001 (눈꽃동충하초 (Paecilomyces tenipes DGUM 32001) 균사배양물로부터 분리한 단백다당체 PJ-4의 in vitro 면역활성)

  • 정경수;이지선;김용해;한영환;이만형
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.46 no.3
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    • pp.213-218
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    • 2002
  • In the previous report, we described the in vivo antitumor activity of PJ-4, a protein-polysaccharide fraction prepared from the culture filtrate of an insect-born fungus, Paecilomyces tenuipes DGUM 32001. In the present study, we elucidated the immunomodulating activity of PJ-4 on the BALB/c mouse splenic lymphocytes using flow cytometrical techniques. As a result, PJ-4 was found to stimulate the lymphocytes not only to form lymphoblasts but also to express CD25 (IL-2 receptor $\alpha$ chain) molecule, which is well known as a T cell activation marker. More interestingly, its T cell stimulatory activity was more strongly exerted on CD8$^{+}$ T cells than on CD4$^{+}$ T cells. All these data suggest that PJ-4 exerts its antitumor activity at least partly through stimulation of T cells which play major roles in the cell-mediated immune system.tem.

Effects of Chronic Dextromethorphan Administration on the Cellular Immune Responses in Mice

  • Kim, Hyoung-Chun;Jhoo, Wang-Kee;Kwan, Myung-Sang;Hong, Jau-Shyong
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.267-270
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    • 1995
  • We examined the chronic effect of dextromethorphan(DM) on the cellular immune responses in mice. T cell simulator, phytohemagglutinin did not show singificant effect on lymphocyte proliferation. Costimulator of T and B cell, pokeweed mitogen, and B cell stimulator, lipopolysaccharide exhibited DM-induced decreased lymphocyte proliferation. Singificantly suppressed natural killer (NR) cell cytotoxicity was evidenced following 6 months DM exposure. These results suggest that chronic DM administration pertub B cell functioning and NK cell cytotoxicity. In addition, prenatal DM exposure did not potentiate the immunomodulation in postnatal effect induced by chronic DM.

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Ginseng, the 'Immunity Boost': The Effects of Panax ginseng on Immune System

  • Kang, Soo-Won;Min, Hye-Young
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.354-368
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    • 2012
  • Thousands of literatures have described the diverse role of ginseng in physiological processes such as cancer, neurodegenera tive disorders, insulin resistance, and hypertension. In particular, ginseng has been extensively reported to maintain homeostasis of the immune system and to enhance resistance to illness or microbial attacks through the regulation of immune system. Immune system comprises of different types of cells fulfilling their own specialized functions, and each type of the immune cells is differentially influenced and may be simultaneously controlled by ginseng treatment. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the effects of ginseng on immune system. We discuss how ginseng regulates each type of immune cells including macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells. We also describe how ginseng exhibits beneficial effects on controlling inflammatory diseases and microbial infections.

Isolation and Characterization of an immunomodulatory Protein from Bovine Colostrum

  • Lee, Chong-Kil;Lee, Ho-Jong;Han, Seong-Sun
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.140-146
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    • 1993
  • A colostral protein that augments natural killer (NK) cell activity was isolated from bovine colostrum. This protein, designated matemal immunity enhancing factor (MIEF), increased NK cell-mediated cytotxicity against human tumor targets wheb added to cultures of resting peripheral blood lymphocytes. The NK cell stimulatory activity of the MIEF was demonstrated at the concentrations as low as 0.1-0.01 $\mu$g/ml. Purified MIEF showed an apparent molecular weight of 22,000 in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The unusual biochemical characteristics of the MIEF distinguish it from other cytokines. The MIEF was soluble at a cold tgemperature, and precipitated by raising the temperature. This themal precipitability was reversible, and dependent on the concentration, pH and ionic strength. Maximal precipitation was observed at neutral pH, and higher ionic strength.

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Immunomodulating Activity of a Polysaccharide Isolated from Mori Cortex Radicis

  • Kim, Hwan-Mook;Han, Sang-Bae;Lee, Ki-Hoon;Lee, Chang-Woo;Kim, Chul-Young;Lee, Eun-Ju;Huh, Hoon
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.240-242
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    • 2000
  • The immunomodulating activity of a polysaccharide isolated from Morus alba (PMA) root bark was examined in murine splenic lymphocytes. PMA enhanced proliferation of splenic lymphocytes in a synergistic manner in the presence of mitogens. However, PMA suppressed pri-may IgM antibody production from B cells, which was activated with lipopolysaccharide, a polyclonal activator, or immunized with a T-cell dependent antigen sheep red blood cells. Our observations showed that the immunomodulating activity of PMA increased lymphocyte proliferation and that PMA decreased antibody production from B cells, which was distinct from those of other plant-originated polysaccharides.

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Osteonecrosis of the jaw in the era of targeted therapy and immunotherapy in oncology

  • Nifosi, Antonio Fabrizio;Zuccarello, Mariateresa;Nifosi, Lorenzo;Saus, Vanessa Hervas;Nifosi, Gianfilippo
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.3-8
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    • 2019
  • Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a well-known pathological condition in oncology derived from the use of bisphosphonates (BPs) and denosumab. Many molecular and immunological targets have been introduced for daily use in cancer treatment in recent years; consequently, new cases of ONJ have been reported in association with these drugs, especially if administered with BPs and denosumab. When the drugs are administered alone, ONJ is rarely seen. The objective of our study was to analyze the recent literature relative to the association of ONJ with these new drugs highlighting the pathogenic, clinical and therapeutic aspects. The close collaboration between maxillofacial surgeon, oncologist, dentist, and dental hygienist remains the most important aspect for the prevention, prompt recognition, and treatment of this pathology.

Applications of Bioinspired Platforms for Enhancing Immunomodulatory Function of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

  • Ok-Hyeon Kim;Tae Jin Jeon;Young In So;Yong Kyoo Shin;Hyun Jung Lee
    • International Journal of Stem Cells
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.251-259
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    • 2023
  • Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted scientific and medical interest due to their self-renewing properties, pluripotency, and paracrine function. However, one of the main limitations to the clinical application of MSCs is their loss of efficacy after transplantation in vivo. Various bioengineering technologies to provide stem cell niche-like conditions have the potential to overcome this limitation. Here, focusing on the stem cell niche microenvironment, studies to maximize the immunomodulatory potential of MSCs by controlling biomechanical stimuli, including shear stress, hydrostatic pressure, stretch, and biophysical cues, such as extracellular matrix mimetic substrates, are discussed. The application of biomechanical forces or biophysical cues to the stem cell microenvironment will be beneficial for enhancing the immunomodulatory function of MSCs during cultivation and overcoming the current limitations of MSC therapy.

Exploring the Potential of Glycolytic Modulation in Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells for Immunotherapy and Disease Management

  • Jisu Kim;Jee Yeon Choi;Hyeyoung Min;Kwang Woo Hwang
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.26.1-26.19
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    • 2024
  • Recent advancements in various technologies have shed light on the critical role of metabolism in immune cells, paving the way for innovative disease treatment strategies through immunometabolism modulation. This review emphasizes the glucose metabolism of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), an emerging pivotal immunosuppressive factor especially within the tumor microenvironment. MDSCs, an immature and heterogeneous myeloid cell population, act as a double-edged sword by exacerbating tumors or mitigating inflammatory diseases through their immune-suppressive functions. Numerous recent studies have centered on glycolysis of MDSC, investigating the regulation of altered glycolytic pathways to manage diseases. However, the specific changes in MDSC glycolysis and their exact functions continue to be areas of ongoing discussion yet. In this paper, we review a range of current findings, including the latest research on the alteration of glycolysis in MDSCs, the consequential functional alterations in these cells, and the outcomes of attempts to modulate MDSC functions by regulating glycolysis. Ultimately, we will provide insights into whether these research efforts could be translated into clinical applications.

Characteristics and Immunomodulating Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria for the Potential Probiotics (Probiotics로서의 젖산균주의 특성 및 면역활성)

  • Seo, Jae-Hoon;Lee, Ho
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.39 no.6
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    • pp.681-687
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    • 2007
  • This study was designed to examine the suitable characteristics of potential probiotic bacteria. Possible probiotic bacteria, including Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1, Lb. acidophilus B-3208, Bifidobacterium bifidum KCTC 3357, Lb. plantarum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. mesenteroides ATCC 8293, and Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis ATCC 7962 were selected. We then measured their acid and bile tolerances, adhesion properties in the gastrointestinal tract, antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria, and immunomodulation activity. The acid tolerances of Lb. acidophilus DDS-1, Lb. acidophilus B-3208, Lb. plantarum, and Leu. mesenteroides ssp. mesenteroides ATCC 8293, in PBS (pH 2.5) for 2 hr, were high enough that 50% of the inocula survived. The bile tolerances of all bacteria, except Lc. lactis ssp. lactis ATCC 7962, were also observed at a 3% oxgall concentration in MRS broth. The results of the adhesion property assay showed that the total binding affinities of Lb. acidophilus DDS-1, Lb. acidophilus B-3208, and B. bifidum were about three times higher than those of the other bacteria. In testing their antimicrobial activities against pathogens, Lb. acidophilus B-3208, B. bifidum KCTC 3357, and Lb. plantarum inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria. For their immunomodulation activity, the cell wall fractions from Lb. acidophilus DDS-1 and Lb. acidophilus B-3208 showed the highest bone marrow cell proliferation activities. However, the cell wall fractions of Lb. acidophilus DDS-1 and B. bifidum, and the cytosol fraction of Lc. lactis ssp. lactis ATCC 7962 showed higher macrophage stimulation activities than those of the other bacteria. Since Lb. acidophilus DDS-1 and Lb. acidophilus B-3208 satisfy the requirements for probiotics, they can be considered suitable probiotic bacteria.