[KSCI] Korea Science Citation Index Service

http://dx.doi.org/10.5142/jgr.2012.36.4.354

Ginseng, the 'Immunity Boost': The Effects of Panax ginseng on Immune System

Kang, Soo-Won (College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University)
Min, Hye-Young (College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University)

Publication Information

Journal of Ginseng Research / v.36, no.4, 2012 , pp. 354-368 More about this Journal

Abstract

Thousands of literatures have described the diverse role of ginseng in physiological processes such as cancer, neurodegenera tive disorders, insulin resistance, and hypertension. In particular, ginseng has been extensively reported to maintain homeostasis of the immune system and to enhance resistance to illness or microbial attacks through the regulation of immune system. Immune system comprises of different types of cells fulfilling their own specialized functions, and each type of the immune cells is differentially influenced and may be simultaneously controlled by ginseng treatment. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the effects of ginseng on immune system. We discuss how ginseng regulates each type of immune cells including macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells. We also describe how ginseng exhibits beneficial effects on controlling inflammatory diseases and microbial infections.

Keywords

Panax ginseng; Innate immunity; Acquired immunity; Immunomodulation; Cytokine;

Citations & Related Records

Times Cited By KSCI : 12 (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By Web Of Science : 0 (Related Records In Web of Science)

Reference
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5	(2017) Aquaculture Research / 48 (5) , 2369
3	(2016) Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Red ginseng and vitamin C increase immune cell activity and decrease lung inflammation induced by influenza A virus/H1N1 infection / 68 (3) , 406
05	(2017) American Journal of Plant Sciences Effect of SRD-P401 on the Discomfort of Neck and/or Shoulder Stiffness / 08 (05) , 1065
3	(2017) Integrative Cancer Therapies Fuzheng Qingjie Granules Inhibit Growth of Hepatoma Cells via Inducing Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis and Enhancing Immune Function / 16 (3) , 329
2314-6141	(2017) BioMed Research International 1/Smad Pathway / 2017 (2314-6141) , 1
6	(2017) Molecules Yeast Extract Stimulates Ginsenoside Production in Hairy Root Cultures of American Ginseng Cultivated in Shake Flasks and Nutrient Sprinkle Bioreactors / 22 (6) , 880
2	(2017) Alternative and Complementary Therapies T Helper Subsets: A Complex Web Crucial to Immunomodulating Herbs / 23 (2) , 66
2	(2017) Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology leaves suppress inflammatory - mediators production via blockade of NF-κB activation in macrophages / 45 (2) , 270
1	(2017) AMB Express Synergistic production of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol from protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides by β-glycosidases from Dictyoglomus turgidum and Caldicellulosiruptor bescii / 7 (1)
9	(2017) Genes Isoform Sequencing Provides a More Comprehensive View of the Panax ginseng Transcriptome / 8 (9) , 228
11	(2017) Journal of Food Science Inhibition of Cholesterol Synthesis in HepG2 Cells by GINST-Decreasing HMG-CoA Reductase Expression Via AMP-Activated Protein Kinase / 82 (11) , 2700
2092-6456	(2017) Food Science and Biotechnology Effects of ginsenosides on regulatory T cell differentiation / (2092-6456)
12	(2014) Journal of Medicinal Food Dietary Supplementation of Chinese Ginseng Prevents Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice / 17 (12) , 1287
1664-3224	(2018) Frontiers in Immunology Ginsenoside F1 Promotes Cytotoxic Activity of NK Cells via Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1-Dependent Mechanism / 9 (1664-3224)
1	(2015) Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine Immunomodulatory effects of selected Malaysian plants on the CD18/11a expression and phagocytosis activities of leukocytes / 5 (1) , 48
3	(2018) Food & Function in rats with estrogen decline using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry / 9 (3) , 1444
6	(2018) Food & Function extracts on rats / 9 (6) , 3547
08	(2018) The American Journal of Chinese Medicine Fermented Red Ginseng Alleviates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression and 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis in Mice by Regulating Macrophage Activation and T Cell Differentiation / 46 (08) , 1879
1	(2014) Journal of ethnic foods Chemical composition characteristics of Korean straight ginseng products / 1 (1) , 24
10	(2018) Journal of Medicinal Food -Mix on Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophage Cells / 21 (10) , 951
9	(2018) Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Lam. heartwood inhibit the innate immune responses of human phagocytes / 70 (9) , 1242
2092-6456	(2018) Food Science and Biotechnology Ginsenosides from Korean red ginseng modulate T cell function via the regulation of NF-AT-mediated IL-2 production / (2092-6456)
7	(2018) Metabolomics Metabolomics reveals immunomodulation as a possible mechanism for the antibiotic effect of Persicaria capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) H.Gross / 14 (7)
1	(2018) Scientific Reports Identification of candidate UDP-glycosyltransferases involved in protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside biosynthesis in Panax ginseng / 8 (1)
1741-4288	(2018) Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Alkaloids and Seven Ginsenosides in Rat Plasma and Application to Pharmacokinetics of Shen-Fu Prescription / 2018 (1741-4288) , 1
1687-6342	(2019) Advances in Pharmacological Sciences Nutraceuticals Inspiring the Current Therapy for Lifestyle Diseases / 2019 (1687-6342) , 1
None	Sun-Hye Choi. (2012) Frontiers in pharmacology Ginseng pharmacology: a new paradigm based on gintonin-lysophosphatidic acid receptor interactions / 6 (None) , 245
1	Soyeon Park. (2012) 大韓獸醫學會誌 인삼 지상부를 첨가한 사료 급여가 닭에서 나타내는 효과 / 55 (1) , 1
2	(2015) Journal of rhinology : official journal of the Korean Rhinologic Society Dietary Supplements and Postoperative Bleeding / 22 (2) , 63
6	(2012) The American journal of Chinese medicine Protective Effects on Central Nervous System by Acidic Polysaccharide of <I>Panax ginseng</I> in Relapse-Remitting Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis-Induced SJL/J Mice / 44 (6) , 1099
10	(2016) Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Use of Gold Nanoparticle Fertilizer Enhances the Ginsenoside Contents and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Red Ginseng / 26 (10) , 1668
None	(2012) International journal of nanomedicine In situ preparation of water-soluble ginsenoside Rh2-entrapped bovine serum albumin nanoparticles: in vitro cytocompatibility studies / 12 (None) , 4073
4	Soowon Kang. (2017) Journal of ginseng research Antiviral activity of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 against murine gammaherpesvirus / 41 (4) , 496
11	(2012) Aging Towards natural mimetics of metformin and rapamycin / 9 (11) , 2245
4	(2012) Mass spectrometry letters Investigation of Herb-Drug Interactions between Korean Red Ginseng Extract and five CYP Substrates by LC-MS/MS / 8 (4) , 98
18	(2012) Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Stimulation of Innate Immune Function by <I>Panax ginseng</I> after Heat Processing / 66 (18) , 4652
3	(2012) Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Immune Enhancement Effect of Asterias amurensis Fatty Acids through NF-κB and MAPK Pathways on RAW 264.7 Cells / 28 (3) , 349
6	(2012) Current pharmacology reports Traditional Chinese Medicine in Multiple Sclerosis: Theory and Practice / 4 (6) , 436
6	(2012) Journal of biomedical research : JBR Role of inflammasome regulation on immune modulators / 32 (6) , 401
4	(2012) 한국유화학회지 Optimization of ginseng hairy roots culture and its ginsenoside analysis / 35 (4) , 995
None	(2019) Scientific reports Mapping a novel positive allosteric modulator binding site in the central vestibule region of human P2X7 / 9 (None) , 3231
5	(2012) Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin Electrodeposition of Ginseng/Polyaniline Encapsulated Poly(lactic-<I>co</I>-glycolic Acid) Microcapsule Coating on Stainless Steel 316L at Different Deposition Parameters / 67 (5) , 445
None	(2012) Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Systems Pharmacology and Microbiome Dissection of Shen Ling Bai Zhu San Reveal Multiscale Treatment Strategy for IBD / 2019 (None) , 1
None	(2012) Frontiers in microbiology From Petri Dish to Patient: Bioavailability Estimation and Mechanism of Action for Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Natural Products / 10 (None) , 2470
6	(2012) Molecules A Comparative Study on the Effects of Different Parts of <I>Panax ginseng</I> on the Immune Activity of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Mice / 24 (6) , 1096
2	(2019) 大韓本草學會誌 Immune-enhancing effects of a traditional herbal prescription, Kyung-Ok-Ko / 34 (2) , 41
10	(2012) Molecules Black Ginseng and Its Saponins: Preparation, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Effects / 24 (10) , 1856
11	(2012) Molecules Simultaneous Profiling and Holistic Comparison of the Metabolomes among the Flower Buds of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolius, and Panax notoginseng by UHPLC/IM-QTOF-HDMSE-Based Metabolomics Analysis / 24 (11) , 2188
15	(2019) Molecules Integration of Data-Dependent Acquisition (DDA) and Data-Independent High-Definition MSE (HDMSE) for the Comprehensive Profiling and Characterization of Multicomponents from Panax japonicus by UHPLC/I / 24 (15) , 2708
5	(2012) Inflammo pharmacology Pharmacological effects of ginseng on infectious diseases / 27 (5) , 871
5	(2012) Journal of leukocyte biology Ginsenoside Rh2 reverses cyclophosphamide‐induced immune deficiency by regulating fatty acid metabolism / 106 (5) , 1089
2	(2012) The American journal of Chinese medicine A Review of Medicinal Plants in Cardiovascular Disorders: Benefits and Risks / 48 (2) , 259
22	(2019) Molecules Development of a Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method for Analyzing Major Ginseng Saponins from Various Ginseng Species / 24 (22) , 4065
4	(2012) Journal of Korean Medicine A case of Advanced Gastric cancer patient treated by Korean Medicine monotherapy / 40 (4) , 91
29	(2019) Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry In-depth profiling, characterization, and comparison of the ginsenosides among three different parts (the root, stem leaf, and flower bud) of Panax quinquefolius L. by ultra-high performance liquid ch / 411 (29) , 7817
7	(2012) Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Peptides as Potential Biomarkers for Authentication of Mountain-Cultivated Ginseng and Cultivated Ginseng of Different Ages Using UPLC-HRMS / 68 (7) , 2263
5	(2012) Molecules Gintonin-Enriched Fraction Suppresses Heat Stress-Induced Inflammation through LPA Receptor / 25 (5) , 1019
5	(2012) Cells Ginsenoside Rg1 Acts as a Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Agonist with Anti-Inflammatory Action without Affecting Tissue Regeneration in Zebrafish Larvae / 9 (5) , 1107
11	(2012) Molecules Characteristics of <I>Panax ginseng</I> Cultivars in Korea and China / 25 (11) , 2635
6	(2012) Nutrients Effects of Ginseng Ingestion on Salivary Testosterone and DHEA Levels in Healthy Females: An Exploratory Study / 12 (6) , 1582
7	(2012) Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition Characterization of red ginseng–drug interaction by CYP3A activity increased in high dose administration in mice / 41 (7) , 295
None	(2012) Complementary therapies in medicine Ginseng integrative supplementation for seasonal acute upper respiratory infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis / 52 (None) , 102457
8	(2012) Biomolecules Immunomodulatory Activities of Selected Essential Oils / 10 (8) , 1139
4	(2012) Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Physiological responses and ginsenoside production of Panax ginseng seedlings grown under various ratios of red to blue light-emitting diodes / 61 (4) , 663
9	(2012) Nutrients Research Quality-Based Multivariate Modeling for Comparison of the Pharmacological Effects of Black and Red Ginseng / 12 (9) , 2590
5	(2020) Nutrition research and practice Immunomodulatory effects of fermented Platycodon grandiflorum extract through NF-κB signaling in RAW 264.7 cells / 14 (5) , 453
10	(2012) World journal of gastrointestinal oncology Synergistic anti-liver cancer effects of curcumin and total ginsenosides / 12 (10) , 1091
11	(2012) Food & function <I>Lactobacillus fermentum</I> KP-3-fermented ginseng ameliorates alcohol-induced liver disease in C57BL/6N mice through the AMPK and MAPK pathways / 11 (11) , 9801
6	(2012) Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis A Proliferation-Inducing Ligand Regulation in Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils by <I>Panax ginseng</I> / 68 (6) , 32
1	(2012) Scientific reports Oroxylin A alleviates immunoparalysis of CLP mice by degrading CHOP through interacting with FBXO15 / 10 (1) , 19272
1	(2012) Biological procedures online A comprehensive review of COVID-19 characteristics / 22 (1) , 19
None	(2012) Clinical phytoscience : international journal of phytomedicine and phytotherapy Comparative assessment of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity between whole plant and parts of Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. (Asteraceae) / 6 (None) , 23
3	(2012) Annals of dermatology Effect of Red Ginseng Oil on Cultured Sebocytes and Outer Root Sheath Cells after Treatment with Lipopolysaccharide / 33 (3) , 245
1	(2012) Food science & nutrition <I>Heracleum moellendorffii</I> root extracts exert immunostimulatory activity through TLR2/4‐dependent MAPK activation in mouse macrophages, RAW264.7 cells / 9 (1) , 514
1	(2012) Applied sciences Comparative Polyphenol Composition, Antioxidant and Anticorrosion Properties in Various Parts of Panax ginseng Extracted in Different Solvents / 11 (1) , 93
None	(2021) Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM Anticancer Activities of Ginsenosides, the Main Active Components of Ginseng / 2021 (None) , 1
1	(2012) Journal of ginseng research Immuno-enhancement effects of Korean Red Ginseng in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial / 45 (1) , 191
5	(2012) International journal of environmental research and public health Combined Effects of Oligopeptides Isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer and Ostrea gigas Thunberg on Sexual Function in Male Mice / 18 (5) , 2349
5	(2012) Briefings in bioinformatics Network-based modeling of herb combinations in traditional Chinese medicine / 22 (5) , bbab106
8	(2021) Molecules Immune Modulatory Activities of Arginyl-Fructose (AF) and AF-Enriched Natural Products in In-Vitro and In-Vivo Animal Models / 26 (8) , 2251
2	(2012) 한국식품영양학회지 인체적용시험을 통한 홍삼기반 'SSR'이 인체 피로도 감소 및 혈액성분 변화에 미치는 영향분석 / 34 (2) , 196
5	(2012) Life Transcriptome-Wide Analysis for Ginsenoside Rb3 Synthesis-Related Genes and Study on the Expression of Methyl Jasmonate Treatment in Panax ginseng / 11 (5) , 387
16	(2012) International journal of molecular sciences Gibberellin Signaling Promotes the Secondary Growth of Storage Roots in Panax ginseng / 22 (16) , 8694
9	(2021) Molecular and cellular biochemistry Pharmacological properties of ginsenosides in inflammation-derived cancers / 476 (9) , 3329
None	(2021) JAAD case reports : journal of the American Academy of Dermatology Subcorneal pustular dermatosis as a cause of pityriasis amiantacea in a young child / 18 (None) , 40
1	(2012) Scientific reports Growth and bioactive phytochemicals of <I>Panax ginseng</I> sprouts grown in an aeroponic system using plasma-treated water as the nitrogen source / 11 (1) , 2924
4	(2021) Fermentation : open access cy et zymurgy journal Characterization of Novel Lactobacillus paracasei HY7017 Capable of Improving Physiological Properties and Immune Enhancing Effects Using Red Ginseng Extract / 7 (4) , 238
4	(2012) Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine : CERM Administration of red ginseng regulates microRNA expression in a mouse model of endometriosis / 48 (4) , 337
1	(2012) Nutrients Korean Red Ginseng Enhances Immunotherapeutic Effects of NK Cells via Eosinophils in Metastatic Liver Cancer Model / 14 (1) , 134

1	Influence of Panax ginseng on obesity and gut microbiota in obese middle-aged Korean women / [Song, Mi-Young;Kim, Bong-Soo;Kim, Hojun;] / Journal of Ginseng Research
2	Effects of Korean Red Ginseng (Panax ginseng), urushiol (Rhus vernicifera Stokes), and probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011 and Lactobacillus acidophilus R0052) on the gut-liver axis of alcoholic liver disease / [Bang, Chang Seok;Hong, So Hyung;Suk, Ki Tae;Kim, Jin Bong;Han, Sang Hak;Sung, Hotaik;Kim, Eun Ji;Kim, Myoung Jo;Kim, Moon Young;Baik, Soon Koo;Kim, Dong Joon;] / Journal of Ginseng Research
3	Dietary Supplementation of Chinese Ginseng Prevents Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice / [Li, Xiaoxiao;Luo, Jing;Babu, Pon Velayutham Anandh;Zhang, Wei;Gilbert, Elizabeth;Cline, Mark;McMillan, Ryan;Hulver, Matthew;Alkhalidy, Hana;Zhen, Wei;Zhang, Haiyan;Liu, Dongmin;] / Journal of Medicinal Food