• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2014

본 연구는 고서당식이에 첨가된 안정화미강이 혈당조절에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하여 향후 안정화미강 첨가 식품을 인체실험에 적용하는데 기초자료로서 이용되고자 하였다. 4주령의 수컷 C57BL/6 mice를 정상식이 대조군 (ND), 고서당식이 대조군 (HSD), 안정화미강 첨가 식이군 (HSD-SRB)으로 배정하였다. 안정화미강 첨가 식이는 선행연구에 근거하여 식이 중량의 20%로 설정하였다. 12주 동안 식이 섭취 후 혈당, 혈청 인슐린, 간 조직의 글리코겐, 혈청 아디포넥틴, 혈청 및 간 조직의 중성지방을 측정하였다. 그 결과 HSD군에 비해 HSD-SRB군에서 체중 및 부고환지방 무게를 감소하는 경향이 있었고 공복혈당과 혈당반응곡선면적을 감소하였다. 또한 안정화미강 첨가 식이를 섭취하였을 때 혈청 및 간의 중성지방 농도가 감소됨에 따라 인슐린 저항성과 췌장의 베타세포 기능을 개선한 것으로 제안한다. 이로써 고서당식이에 안정화미강을 20% 첨가하였을 때 혈당조절 개선효과 가능성을 확인할 수 있었으며, 향후 안정화미강을 첨가한 건강 지향적인 제품 개발과 이 제품을 인체에 적용하기 위한 기초자료로 활용 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.34.1-34.19
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• 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis associated with ageing. Vitamin D has diverse biological effect on bone and cartilage, and observational studies have suggested it potential benefit in OA progression and inflammation process. However, the effect of vitamin D on OA is still contradictory. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of vitamin D in OA. Six-week-old male Wistar rats were injected with monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) to induce OA. Pain severity, cartilage destruction, and inflammation were measured in MIA-induced OA rats. Autophagy activity and mitochondrial function were also measured. Vitamin-D (1,25(OH)₂D3) and celecoxib were used to treat MIA-induced OA rats and OA chondrocytes. Oral supplementation of vitamin D resulted in significant attenuations in OA pain, inflammation, and cartilage destruction. Interestingly, the expressions of MMP-13, IL-1β, and MCP-1 in synovial tissues were remarkably attenuated by vitamin D treatment, suggesting its potential to attenuate synovitis in OA. Vitamin D treatment in OA chondrocytes resulted in autophagy induction in human OA chondrocytes and increased expression of TFEB, but not LC3B, caspase-1 and -3, in inflamed synovium. Vitamin D and celecoxib showed a synergistic effect on antinociceptive and chondroprotective properties in vivo. Vitamin D showed the chondroprotective and antinociceptive property in OA rats. Autophagy induction by vitamin D treatment may be a promising treatment strategy in OA patients especially presenting vitamin D deficiency. Autophagy promoting strategy may attenuate OA progression through protecting cells from damage and inflammatory cell death.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.223-232
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• 2010

면역활성을 증진시키기 위하여 수삼의 상황버섯 균사체 고체 배양을 통하여 발효물을 조제하고 조다당획분(WG-PL-CP)을 분획한 후 DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography를 이용하여 3개의 활성 다당획분(WG-PL-CP-II, III와 IV)을 분리하였다. WG-PL-CP-III($100\;{\mu}g/mL$ 농도, saline 대조군의 1.98배)는 시료대조군인 WG-CP-III 또는 PL-CP-III(1.60배 또는 1.65배)보다 효과적인 마크로파지 활성을 나타내었고, Peyer's patch를 경유한 장관면역 활성은 WG-PL-CP-IV(1.56배)에서 관찰되었다. 한편, WG-PL-CP-II와 III(2.01배와 1.94배)는 시료대조군인 WG-CP-II와 III(1.73배와 1.66배) 또는 PL-CP-II와 III(1.79배와 1.72배)의 동일획분과 비교하여 유의적으로 증가된 마크로파지 활성을 나타내었다. 이러한 활성 획분 중 다양한 활성을 갖는 다당획분인 WG-PL-III와 IV는 주로 중성당(73.5%와 67.3%)과 산성당(23.2%와 24.6%)을 포함하는 다당류임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 구성당 분석결과, WG-PL-CP-III는 주로 산성당과 Glc, Ara, Gal, Rha와 Xyl의 구성당이 0.81:1.00:0.49:0.42:0.28:0.20의 molar ratio을 보이고 있는 반면, WG-PL-CP-IV는 산성당과 Ara, Rha, Gal, Xyl와 Glc가 1.00:0.75:0.69:0.63:0.42:0.34의 비율로 구성되었음을 나타내었다. 따라서 이러한 활성 다당획분이 수삼의 상황버섯 균사체 고체배양 발효물의 면역활성 증진에 중요하게 관여하고 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.133-144
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• 1986

This study was undertaken to assess the effect of ginseng administration on T lymphocyte induced local xenogenic graft-versus-host(GVM) reactions which were induced with thymocyte, spleen cell and lymph node cell of ICR mice. Mice received daily 10mg of 70% alcohol ginseng extract oral1y for 100days and control mice remained untreated for the same period of time. The cells from donor mice were injected intradermally into the closely shaven abdominal skin of Sprague-Dawley rats for GVH tests. The thymocyte from control(ginseng-untreated) mice showed a negative local GVH reaction, whereas thymocyte from experimental(ginseng-treated) mice showed a positive reaction with the rate of 17.4%. When spleen cells were injected, the incidence of positive local GVH reaction was 66.7% among ginseng-treated mice, as opposed to incidence of 45.5% of positive local GVH reaction among control mice. The incidence of positive local GVH reaction of the lymph node cells when injected into a recipient was 71.4% among ginseng-treated mice as compared with that of 18.9% among control mice. The relationship between spleen cell inoculum and intensity of the local GVH reaction was assessed in ginseng-untreated mice. The intensity of GVH reaction clearly appears to be dose related. In ginseng-treated mice, a minimum of $1{\times}10^7$ spleen cell was required for production of positive local GVH reaction with almost linear relationship up to an inoculum of $5{\times}10^8$ cells. In control mice, however, a minimum of $1{\times}10^8$ spleen cells was required for positive GVH reaction. These results strongly suggest that the ginseng administration augments significantly the local xenogenic GVH reaction which was used to assess T lymphocyte function and immunocompetence of mice and in addition to this, these results appear to support previous suggestions that the local GVH reaction consitutes a qualitative test of the functional activity of T lymphocytes. These results may be the first to induce local GVH reaction, employing rats as recipient and mice as donor. This study was also desingned to investigate some of the effects of ginseng extract on lymphocyte-macrophage interactions. This was accomplished by in vitro quantification of 1) migratory inhibitory factor(MIF) synthetic capacity of splenic lymphocytes in mice previously primed with ginseng 2) MIF responsiveness of mouse peritoneal macrophages or chicken peripheral leucocytes under the presence of ginseng extract 3) migration ability of chicken peripheral leucocytes by direct stimulation of ginseng extract or ginseng saponin and 4) immunosuppressive effects of immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin A or dexamethasone. Mice divided equally into the ginseng and the saline groups, which received intraperitoneally daily 0.2ml of ginseng absolute alcohol-extract(5mg/ml) and same amount of saline for 15 days, respectively. The cellular immune responsiveness of these mice was assayed 15 days after ginseng pretreatment. Splenic lymphocytes of mice treated with ginseng, when stimulated with sensitized specific-antigen such as sheep red blood cells or toxoplasmin, or with polyclonal activator concanavalin A, produced significantly more MIF than those of control saline group. MIF responsiveness of normal mouse macrophages was significantly augmented when assayed under the presence of ginseng extract (1mg/ml). The migratory ability of normal chicken leucocytes in the absence of MIF was significantly decreased by the stimulation of ginseng extract alone. MIF response was significantly decreased by immunosuppressants and this impaired response was not restored by ginseng pretreatment. This study was additionally performed to evaluate the effect of ginseng on the expulsion of adult Trichinella spiralis in mice. ICR mice were infected experimentally by esophageal incubation of 300 T. spiralis infective muscle larvae prepared by acid-pepsin digestion of infected mice. and received oral administration of 70% alcohol ginseng extract(10mg/mouse/day) for the indicated days plus 4 days before infection. At various times after infection, the number of adult T. spiralis worms in small intestines was determined. Interestingly, ginseng-treatment was accompanied by accelerated expulson of T. spiralis. These results led to the conclusion that Panax ginseng caused some enhancing effect on GVH reaction, macrophage migration inhibition reaction and expulsion of T. spiralis. In addition these results suggested that the mechanisms responsible for this enhancement of ginseng may be chiefly or partially due to nonspecific stimulation of cell-mediated immune response.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.485-492
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• 2024

해삼은 고형분의 50% 이상이 단백질이며, 그 외 기능성 물질로써 사포닌, 뮤코다당류 등 다양한 생리활성 물질들을 보유하고 있다. 해삼 성분을 미생물의 효소로써 분해하기 위해 Bacillus 및 유산균 유래 각종 효소의 활성을 분석하였다. 분석된 균주 중에서, B. subtilis K26은 protease의 활성과 xylanase의 활성이 가장 높았으며, cellulase의 활성도 비교적 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 해삼과 정제수를 동일 비율로 혼합하고 멸균한 후 B. subtilis K26를 접종하여 발효를 실시하였다. 그 결과 1.5-7.5시간에서 가장 높은 잔존 아미노산의 함량이 평가되었으며, 잔류고형분도 비교적 낮게 나타났고, 발효취도 적게 나타났다. 발효해삼분말을 부탄올로 추출하여 사포닌 함량을 측정한 결과 1.12 mg/g로 나타났다. Chondroichin sulfate 함량은 5.11 mg/g 생해삼으로 평가되었으며, 총 폴리페놀 함량은 6.95 mg gallic acid equivalent/g 생해삼, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 3.69 mg quercetin equivalent/g 생해삼 등으로 평가되었다. 발효해삼의 항산화효능은 0.59 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/g 생해삼으로 항산화능력이 우수한 것으로 평가되었다. 다른 한편으로 발효해삼액의 DNA 손상 보호효과는 발효액의 농도 의존적으로 생성되었으며, 매우 저 농도에서 매우 우수한 효과가 있는 것으로 평가되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 해삼발효액은 아미노산, 사포닌, 페놀류, 콘드로이친 황산, 플라보노이드류 등에 기인하여 우수한 항산화능력과 DNA 손상 방지능력이 있는 것으로 제의된다. 따라서, B. subtilis K26의 발효해삼액은 인체에 있어서 산화억제, 면역증강 및 근 개선 식품으로 가능성이 높은 것으로 추정된다.