• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.232-239
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate the volumetric change of augmented autobone harvested from mandibular body cortical bone, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and three-dimensional reconstruction. In addition, the clinical success of dental implants placed 4 to 6 months after bone grafting was also evaluated. Materials and Methods: Ninety-five patients (48 men and 47 women) aged 19 to 72 years were included in this study. A total of 128 graft sites were evaluated. The graft sites were divided into three parts: anterior and both posterior regions of one jaw. All patients included in the study were scheduled for an onlay graft and implantation using a two-stage procedure. The dental implants were inserted 4 to 6 months after the bone graft. Volumetric stability was evaluated by serial CBCT images. Results: No major complications were observed for the donor sites. A total of 128 block bones were used to augment severely resorbed alveolar bone. Only 1 of the 128 bone grafts was resorbed by more than half, and that was due to infection. In total, the average amount of residual grafted bone after resorption at the recipient sites was $74.6%{\pm}8.4%$. Conclusion: Volumetric stability of mandibular body autogenous block grafts is predictable. The procedure is satisfactory for patients who want dental implants regardless of atrophic alveolar bone.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.301-309
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the skeletal and dental changes after intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) with and without presurgical orthodontics by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 24 patients (mean age, 22.1 years) with skeletal Class III malocclusion who underwent bimaxillary surgery with IVRO. The patients were divided into the preorthodontic orthognathic surgery (POGS) group (n = 12) and conventional surgery (CS) group (n = 12). CBCT images acquired preoperatively, 1 month after surgery, and 1 year after surgery were analyzed to compare the intergroup differences in postoperative three-dimensional movements of the maxillary and mandibular landmarks and the changes in lateral cephalometric variables. Results: Baseline demographics (sex and age) were similar between the two groups (6 men and 6 women in each group). During the postsurgical period, the POGS group showed more significant upward movement of the mandible (p < 0.05) than did the CS group. Neither group showed significant transverse movement of any of the skeletal landmarks. Moreover, none of the dental and skeletal variables showed significant intergroup differences 1 year after surgery. Conclusions: Compared with CS, POGS with IVRO resulted in significantly different postsurgical skeletal movement in the mandible. Although both groups showed similar skeletal and dental outcomes at 1 year after surgery, upward movement of the mandible during the postsurgical period should be considered to ensure a more reliable outcome after POGS.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.432-445
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• 2020

This study identified the utilization characteristics of individual fashion taste expression on Instagram, and examined the impact of the use of the media on the formation and change of fashion taste. The research method conducted 1:1 indepth interviews with 19 people in their 20s and 30s using 501 images for analysis. The results of this study are as follows. Posting, searching, and reading behavior on Instagram were identified in three dimensions (self-expression, information gathering, and relationship orientation). In the image of self-expression, clothes were displayed at the time so that they could be checked and applied in other ways. Accumulated posts inspired people to look back on past styles and use them to reflect on the present. A media environment that was constantly exposed to information in real time allowed people to try various styles by imitating other users' posts and share in a process of creatively exploring styles to help organize fashion tastes developmentally. Participants had selective relationships with people of similar tastes who experienced the pleasure of enjoying through the exchange of tastes in fashion. These taste mates directly influenced the formation or change of tastes, serving as a criteria for styles or presenting new styles. In this study, fashion taste was formed by individual efforts of pursuit (not a collective social class choice) and was a continuous process of constantly changing that also exploring discriminatory styles.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.26-34
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose a scheduling scheme that can efficiently serve I/O requests having deadlines in flash storage. The I/O requests with deadlines, namely, real-time requests, are assumed to be issued for streaming services of continuous media. Since a Web-based streaming server commonly supports downloads of HTMLs or images, we also aim to quickly process non-real-time I/O requests, together with real-time ones. For this purpose, we adopt the well-known rate-reservation EDF (RR-EDF) algorithm for determining scheduling priorities among mixed I/O requests. In fact, for the use of an EDF-style algorithm, overhead of task's switching should be low and predictable, as with its application of CPU scheduling. In other words, the EDF algorithm is inherently unsuitable for scheduling I/O requests in HDD storage because of highly varying latency times of HDD. Unlike HDD, time for reading a block in flash storage is almost uniform with respect to its physical location. This is because flash storage has no mechanical component, differently from HDD. By capitalizing on this uniform block read time, we compute bandwidth utilization rates of real-time requests from streams. Then, the RR-EDF algorithm is applied for determining how much storage bandwidth can be assigned to non-real-time requests, while meeting deadlines of real-time requests. From this, we can improve the service times of non-real-time requests, which are issued for downloads of static files. Because the proposed scheme can expand flexibly the scheduling periods of streams, it can provide a full usage of slack times, thereby improving the overall throughput of flash storage significantly.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.28-37
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and degree of lingual concavities in the first molar region of the mandible to reduce the risk of perforating the lingual cortical bone during dental implant insertion. Methods: A total of 163 suitable cross-sectional cone-beam computed tomography images of edentulous mandibular first molar regions were evaluated. The mandibular morphology was classified as a U-configuration (undercut), a P-configuration (parallel), or a C-configuration (convex), depending on the shape of the alveolar ridge. The characteristics of lingual concavities, including their depth, angle, vertical location, and additional parameters, were measured. Results: Lingual undercuts had a prevalence of 32.5% in the first molar region. The mean concavity angle was 63.34°±8.26°, and the mean linear concavity depth (LCD) was 3.03±0.99 mm. The mean vertical distances of point P from the alveolar crest (Vc) and from the inferior mandibular border were 9.39±3.39 and 16.25±2.44, respectively. Men displayed a larger vertical height from the alveolar crest to 2 mm coronal to the inferior alveolar nerve (Vcb) and a wider LCD than women (P<0.05). Negative correlations were found between age and buccolingual width at 2 mm apical to the alveolar crest, between age and Vcb, between age and Vc, and between age and LCD (P<0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of lingual concavities was 32.5% in this study. Age and gender had statistically significant effects on the lingual morphology. The risk of lingual perforation was higher in young men than in the other groups analyzed.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the clinical anatomy of lower premolar roots in a Spanish population by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), correlating findings with patient gender and tooth type. Materials and Methods: Using 70 CBCT images, we evaluated 126 healthy, untreated, well-developed lower premolars. The number and morphology of roots and root canals, and the foramina number were assessed. Results for gender and tooth type were compared using the chi-squared and ANOVA tests. Results: The average length of teeth and roots was significantly higher in men (p=0.00). All 126 premolars had a single root. One canal was found in 83.3% of the premolars, with no gender or tooth type differences; Vertucci configuration types I and V were the most prevalent. The first premolars showed significantly greater variability than the second premolars (p=0.03). A single apical foramen was found in 89.7% of the premolars, with no differences by tooth type. Women had a significantly higher prevalence of two apical foramina than men (p=0.04). Some degree of curvature was observed in 65% of the premolars, with no differences by gender or tooth type. A root angle of more than $20^{\circ}$ was found in 12.98% of the premolars, without any differences by gender or tooth. Conclusion: All premolars were single-rooted. One canal had the most prevalent morphology. More variability in canal anatomy was found in the first premolars. Curvatures greater than $20^{\circ}$ were found at less than 5 mm from the apex.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop and propose creative smart bags in emotional e-textiles using LEDs that inform smartphone users of motion-induced luminescence and ringing of cell phones. The LED light-emitting operation tasks produced in the study were applied to each of the three design smart bags, setting the five cases of luminance by a call initiated, absent phone, rejecting answering phone, texting, and motion-induced luminescence. In the male laptop bags of LED luminous images using wappen, 10 LEDs could be separated by a total of three pins to display the luminous mode, and all 10 LEDs became a total of five luminous patterns, including all that illuminate and those that illuminate randomly. E-wappen rendered the motif a strong sense of visibility and performed six roles on phone rings and texting. To develop a women's tote bag, we did a laser cut and attached the leather strips and placed 10 triangular LEDs to form a geometric LED e-textile. It provides the possibility of transforming simple design from traditional fashion into a more interesting and various smart designs. An entertainment smart bag using graphic design was constructed by applying a tilt sensor to look like a light in the night sky by shaking and moving the bag. The graphic design and composition of LEDs indicate that LEDs and fashion item are applied in harmony rather than heterogeneous, enabling them to be applied as fashion-oriented wearable smart products.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.229-232
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• 2012

This study examined the correlation between MR cine and myocardium Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) by comparing the measured cardiac ejection fractions. The usefulness of cardiac MRI was also evaluated. Ten patients (8 men, 2 women and average age of 58.6 years), who underwent a myocardium SPECT scan and cardiac cine MRI scan among patients who visited the hospital for the chief complaint of cardiac disorder from June 1, 2010 to February 10, 2011, were enrolled in this study. The cardiac ejection fraction was calculated from the images obtained in both scans. The data was used to examine the correlation. The regression equation the cardiac ejection fraction values of the 10 patients obtained in myocardium SPECT and MRI cine was Y = 1.12X-8.91 ($R^2$ = 0.78, significance of F = 0.001639, and confidence level of 95%). The results were significant when the cardiac ejection fraction obtained from MRI cine was compared with that obtained from myocardium SPECT. Overall, a cardiac examination using MRI enables an investigation of not only the ejection fraction but also the ED and ES volumes, stroke volume, wall thickness, and wall thickening in a higher spatial resolution despite the examination being conducted once. This examination is believed to be very useful for diagnosing patients with cardiac disease.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.826-835
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to compare the similarity between actual and virtual pants using a virtual 3D CLO program. A subject corresponding to the average size of a women in her twenties was selected and an avatar with the same specifications was produced. Silhouettes of the pants were classified into trousers, slacks, and wide pants and images of actual and virtual pants were evaluated from the front, side, and back. The results were as follows: Overall, the resemblance of the trousers was evaluated higher than that of other pants. The average similarity of trousers was 4.20 at the front, 3.98 at the side, and 4.17 at the back, which was much like the actual clothing. In contrast, that of the slacks was 3.62, 3.73, and 3.79 and of the wide pants was 3.81, 3.53, and 3.97. The similarity between the actual and virtual clothing was relatively well reproduced when the shape of the pants was like the silhouette of the human body. However, if the pants were tight or loose, virtual fits failed to display the wrinkles caused by the tightness or the excessive slack. The virtual fit showed fewer wrinkles and did not depict the location and the shape of hemlines as accurately as the actual fit, although virtual fits adequately displayed the baseline and dart on the pants.

• 복식
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• 제60권7호
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• pp.14-30
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to come up with a perspective that can enhance the understanding about the mechanism of fashion change. The starting idea of this study is that fashion has changed according to the ideal body image of the specific society or individual. The theoretical framework about the ideal body image has been studied by the literatures on the subject and it is verified by the analysis of John Galliano & Martin Margiela's fashion works. The results are as follows. First, Galliano exposes the woman's body as a sexual symbol which is articulated by men's eyes. Margiela describes the woman's body as human being which doesn't highlight any sexual characteristics. Second, Galliano emphasizes the body conscious silhouette whereas Margiela perceives the body as a whole, rather than looks into each body part. Third, Galliano uses lots of decoration to make display luxurious. Margiela restrains himself from using decorations and tries to create images by interaction between the clothes and bodies. Forth, Galliano expresses the eroticism by accentuating eyes and lips with strong color cosmetics. Margiela's fashion is not dazzling with makeup. He even covers the face with fabrics. Aesthetics in all societies is articulated by their hidden social power groups, and then it has influence on taking shape of the ideal body image and the mainstream of fashion. But the innate characters of individuals offer challenges to the fashion majority. The tension between the social power and individual character makes and changes the fashion.