• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to obtain information related to life style characteristics, school achievement and snacking behaviors among underweight and overweight adolescents in Ulsan area. The survey was carried out by self-questionnaires with 464 adolescents (333 underweight and 131 overweight). The results were as follows: Average BMI of the subjects was $19.81{\pm}3.10\;kg/m^2$ which was normal range, but average BMI of underweight and overweight were $16.90{\pm}1.19\;kg/m^2$ and $25.38{\pm}2.16\;kg/m^2$ respectively. The 49.5% of underweight and 94.7% of overweight students have correct perception about their body image. In the sleeping time, 58.9% of underweight and 66.4% of overweight students go to bed after PM 12 o'clock. In the regularity of eating breakfast, 68.5% of underweight and 67.9% of overweight students skipping breakfast at least 5 times per week. 32.6% of the subjects had snack once or more a day. Underweight students had more frequently ate snack than overweight students. The criteria of choosing snack were taste (77.4%), nutrition (9.3%), and price (6.3%). Food as snack they frequently had fruits, milk & milk products, cookies in order. Underweight students had more dodkboki & sundae, candy & chocolate and cake & bread than overweight students, although overweight students had more milk & yogurt than underweight students. The group who had a higher school record, they significantly had more fruits, milk & milk products (p < 0.01) and had not less nutritious foods (p < 0.001). This study may provide basic information on weight status, sleeping and snacking behaviors of adolescents. Therefore they should have nutrition education program to improve their life style and snacking patterns for underweight and overweight adolescents toward healthy weight.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.322-331
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• 2003

As the complexity of a 3D game is increased by various factors of the game scenario, it has a problem for controlling the interrelation of the game objects. Therefore, a game system has a necessity of the coordination of the responses of the game objects. Also, it is necessary to control the behaviors of animations of the game objects in terms of the game scenario. To produce realistic game simulations, a system has to include a structure for designing the interactions among the game objects. This paper presents a method that designs the dynamic control mechanism for the interaction of the game objects in the game scenario. For the method, we suggest a game agent system as a framework that is based on intelligent agents who can make decisions using specific rules. Game agent systems are used in order to manage environment data, to simulate the game objects, to control interactions among game objects, and to support visual authoring interface that ran define a various interrelations of the game objects. These techniques can process the autonomy level of the game objects and the associated collision avoidance method, etc. Also, it is possible to make the coherent decision-making ability of the game objects about a change of the scene. In this paper, the rule-based behavior control was designed to guide the simulation of the game objects. The rules are pre-defined by the user using visual interface for designing their interaction. The Agent State Decision Network, which is composed of the visual elements, is able to pass the information and infers the current state of the game objects. All of such methods can monitor and check a variation of motion state between game objects in real time. Finally, we present a validation of the control method together with a simple case-study example. In this paper, we design and implement the supervised classification systems for high resolution satellite images. The systems support various interfaces and statistical data of training samples so that we can select the most effective training data. In addition, the efficient extension of new classification algorithms and satellite image formats are applied easily through the modularized systems. The classifiers are considered the characteristics of spectral bands from the selected training data. They provide various supervised classification algorithms which include Parallelepiped, Minimum distance, Mahalanobis distance, Maximum likelihood and Fuzzy theory. We used IKONOS images for the input and verified the systems for the classification of high resolution satellite images.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.34
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• pp.196-243
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• 2006

The popularity of Korea pop culture, which called as the name of "Korea wave", has started to spread out in China and other Asian states from late-1990's. The study about "Korea wave" until now, however, have prevailed within an economic point of view. So, I would like to clarify that this dissertation raises a question in exiting argument and explains the identity of "Korea wave" by investigating the details of pop culture contents of Korea, and understanding of chinese receiver. It shows that chinese receiver, watching the movie , has estimated in the affirmative viewpoint after I have analyzed a reply of movie web-site in China. The main features of this analysis prove that there are a lot of good estimation when chinese receiver have seen that movie because it has been well-matched with emotion and fun of story and attraction in the movie. In that order, Some Chinese netizen evaluated that there are some negative point of view as the main actress has a strange and crazy behavior. I have also found that Korea pop culture contents has not given to them good image and chinese receiver had a tendency to view objectively to classify with strength and weakness. Analysis to contrast understanding of Chinese netizen with Korea netizen showed that Korea netizen emphasized fun of story, however, Chinese netizen showed that they had a lot of opinion to be fresh and realistic relatively. In conclusion, I would like herewith to identify that there are some differences between Chinese netizen and Korean netizen after contacting the movie. The reason has showed that understanding about the same object can be a great deal of various consideration in two more diverse cultures which have many different social-cultural and historical situation.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.21-32
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• 2017

Motivated by the recent cases of negligent social responsibility as manifested by foreign luxury fashion brands in Korea, this study investigates whether agency costs depend on the sustainability of different types of corporate governance. Agency costs refer either to vertical costs arising from the relationship between stockholders and managers, or to horizontal costs associated with the potential conflicts between majority and minority stockholders. The firms with luxury fashion brand could spend large sums of money on maintenance of magnificent brand image, thereby increasing the agency cost. On the contrary, the firms may hold down wasteful spending to report a gaudily financial achievement. This results in mitigation of the agency cost. Agency costs are measured by the value of the principal component. First, three ratios are constructed: asset turnover, operating expense to sales, and earnings before interest, tax, and depreciation. Then, the scores of each of these ratios for individual firms in the sample are differenced from the ratios for the benchmark firm of S-OIL. S-OIL was designated as the best superior governance model firm for 2013 by CGS. We perform regression analysis of each agency cost index, luxury fashion brand dummy and a set of control variables. The regression results indicate that the agency costs of the firms with luxury fashion brand exceed those of control group in the fashion industry in the part of operating expenses, but the agency cost falls short of those of control group in the part of EBITD, thus the aggregate agency costs are not differential of those of the control group. In sensitivity test, the results are same that the agency cost of the firms are higher than those of the matching control group with PSM(propensity matching method). These results are corroborated by an additional analysis comparing the group of the companies with the best brands with the control group. The results raise doubts about the effectiveness of management of the firms with luxury fashion brand. This study has a limitation that the research has performed only for 2013 and this paper suggests that there is room for improvement in the current research methodology.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.2 no.1 s.2
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• pp.25-40
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• 2003

The purpose of this thesis is development of detection algorithm for stop-line detector. Detail detection area is set in basing detection area($1.8{\times}4.0m$) and traffic information(volume, occupancy, nonoccupancy) is collected by passive infrared detector at designing detection area. The basis detection area($1.8{\times}4.0m$) is named existing PIR and detection area applied on development algorithm is named proposal PIR. The proposal PIR is collected data such volume, occupancy, nonoccupancy, speed and lane change, but this thesis is limited to evaluate for volume, occupancy and nonoccupancy The procedure and each step of being developed algorithm is described in the next (1) The detection area of proposal PIR is made up of 2 of $1.8{\times}0.6m$ size(the detection area is named 1 and 3) and 1 of $1.8{\times}1.78m$ size(the detection area is named 2) (2) The image detection area is set on monitor to analyze outdoor photographing data then video frame analysis has been done by analyzer. (3) The occupancy, nonoccupancy and speed data of vehicle have been collected with the detection area 1 and 3 and lane change has been collected with combination of detection area 1, 2 and 3 The MAD and MAPE have been utilized to being compared with volume, occupancy and nonoccupancy for the field application and evaluation of a algorithm As the result, the proposal PIR data have been identified superior to the existing PIR data and the effect has been improved its information(volume, occupancy and nonoccupancy)

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.42-46
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• 2016

Purpose Mammography is the most widely used scan for the early diagnosis since it is possible to observe the anatomy of the breast. however, The sensitivity is markedly reduced in high-risk patients with dense breast. Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI) sacn is possible to get the high resolution functional imaging, and This new neclear medicine technique get the more improved diagnostic information through It is useful for confirmation of tumor's location in dense breast. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of MBI for tumor diagnosis in patients with dense breast. Materials and Methods We investigated 10 patients female breast cancer with dense breast type who had visited the hospital from September 1st to Octorber 10th, 2015. The patients underwent both MBI and Mammography. MBI (Discovery 750B; General Electric Healthcare, USA) scan was 99mTc-MIBI injected with 20 mCi on the opposite side of the arm with the lesions, after 20 minutes, gained bilateral breast CC (CranioCaudal), MLO (Medio Lateral Oblique) View. Mammography was also conducted in the same posture. MBI and Mammography images were compared to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of each case utilizing both image and two images in blind tests. Results The results of the blind test for breast cancer showed that the sensitivity of Mammography, MBI scan was 63%, 89%, respectively, and that their specificity was 38%, 87%, respectively. Using both the Mammography and MBI scan was Sensitivity 92%, specificity 90%. Conclusion This research has found that, The tumor of dense tissue that can not easily distinguishable in Mammography is possible to more accurate diagnosis since It is easy to visually evaluation. But MBI sacn has difficulty imaging microcalcificatons, If used in conjunction with mammography it is thought to give provide more diagnostic information.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2014

Near surface air temperature data which are one of the essential factors in hydrology, meteorology and climatology, have drawn a substantial amount of attention from various academic domains and societies. Meteorological observations, however, have high spatio-temporal constraints with the limits in the number and distribution over the earth surface. To overcome such limits, many studies have sought to estimate the near surface air temperature from satellite image data at a regional or continental scale with simple regression methods. Alternatively, we applied various Kriging methods such as ordinary Kriging, universal Kriging, Cokriging, Regression Kriging in search of an optimal estimation method based on near surface air temperature data observed from automatic weather stations (AWS) in South Korea throughout 2010 (365 days) and MODIS land surface temperature (LST) data (MOD11A1, 365 images). Due to high spatial heterogeneity, auxiliary data have been also analyzed such as land cover, DEM (digital elevation model) to consider factors that can affect near surface air temperature. Prior to the main estimation, we calculated root mean square error (RMSE) of temperature differences from the 365-days LST and AWS data by season and landcover. The results show that the coefficient of variation (CV) of RMSE by season is 0.86, but the equivalent value of CV by landcover is 0.00746. Seasonal differences between LST and AWS data were greater than that those by landcover. Seasonal RMSE was the lowest in winter (3.72). The results from a linear regression analysis for examining the relationship among AWS, LST, and auxiliary data show that the coefficient of determination was the highest in winter (0.818) but the lowest in summer (0.078), thereby indicating a significant level of seasonal variation. Based on these results, we utilized a variety of Kriging techniques to estimate the surface temperature. The results of cross-validation in each Kriging model show that the measure of model accuracy was 1.71, 1.71, 1.848, and 1.630 for universal Kriging, ordinary Kriging, cokriging, and regression Kriging, respectively. The estimates from regression Kriging thus proved to be the most accurate among the Kriging methods compared.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.1-21
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• 2018

According to the results of the FKI's ethical management status and CSR promotion status, about 95% of domestic companies enact the Code of Ethics, while 64% of companies operating systems for communication and dialogue with stakeholders in the process of CSR activities, It seems that strategic CSR activities of domestic companies have not been fully established yet compared with the introduction of ethical management. Even if companies conduct CSR activities strategically, there is very little CSR level of the companies that consumers perceive. This is because the psychological mechanism of CSR on consumers' perceptions is too complicated and detailed, resulting in a positive result and a negative result depending on the investigator's research method. So far, there have been many studies on the direct impact of CSR on corporate evaluation, purchase intention, and corporate image. However, there are few studies on the effect of CSR and CA on purchase intention through product attitude. Therefore, The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effect of corporate social responsibility(CSR) and corporate Ability(CA) on the purchase intention through product attitudes perceived by consumers, and the moderating effect of corporate reputation between product attitude and purchase intention. As a research method, we selected 4 companies, such as Samsung etc, who have been conducting CSR for the past 10 years, as a sample. The relationship between the CSR and the corporate competence of these companies on purchasing intention was examined through questionnaires for general consumers. The results of this study show that CSR and CA have a positive effect on product attitude, and consumers' product attitude has a positive effect on purchase intention. In addition, CSR and CA were found to have a positive (+) effect on purchase intention through consumer attitude. Finally, it is found that the reputation of the firm has a moderating effect on the relationship between consumer's product attitude and purchase intention. This study suggests that CSR should be strategically promoted in order to positively shape the attitude of consumers toward products of companies and their companies. As a theoretical implication, this study showed that the effect of CSR activities and CA on consumer's product attitude and purchase intention, centered on mediating effects of product attitude and corporate reputation discrimination.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.12
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• pp.134-141
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• 2015

The purpose on this research is quantitatively comparing and analyzing signal intensity of 1.0mol and 0.5mol contrast agent. For this study, two MR phantoms were produced. One of them is used with 1.0mol Gadobutrol. The other is used with 0.5mol Gadoteridol. These two phantoms respectively have been scanned by SE T1 sequence which is used to get a general contrast-enhanced image in 1.5T MRI and 3D FLASH sequence which is used as enhanced angio MRI. Signal intensity was measured by scanned images as per contrast agent dilution ratio. The results were as follow: RSP(Reaction Starting Point) of the two sequences(2D SE, 3D FLASH) was respectively 6.0%, 60.0% in 0.5mol contrast and 2.0%, 20.0% in 1.0mol contrast, which means in 0.5mol contrast, RSP was formed faster than the one in 1.0mol contrast. MPSI was respectively 1358.8[a.u], 1573[a.u] in 0.5mol contrast and 1374[a.u], 1642.4[a.u] in 1.0mol contrast, which means 0.5mol contrast's MPP (0.4%, 10.0%) was formed faster than 1.0mol contrast's MPP (0.16%, 1.8%). Lastly, RA as per contrast agent dilution ratio was 27.4%, 11.8% wider in 0.5mol contrast(20747.4[a.u], 23204.6[a.u]) than in 1.0mol contrast(12691.9[a.u], 20747.4[a.u]). According to the study, we are able to assure that signal reaction time of 1.0mol contrast is slower than the one of 0.5mol contrast in contrast-enhanced MRI at two different sequences(2D SE, 3D FLASH). Furthermore, owing to the fact that there are not any signal intensity differences between 1.0mol and 0.5mol contrast, it is not true that high concentration gadolinium MR contrast agent does not always mean high signal intensity in MRI.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.775-788
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• 2012

This study was done at a scientific camp sponsored by Nara Women's University Secondary School, Japan. In this school, $10^{th}$ grade students from 4 East Asian countries: Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and Singapore, participated. We made a research on students' perceptions about nuclear energy. Sample populations include 77 students in total, with 12 Korean, 46 Japanese, 9 Taiwanese and 10 Singaporean students. Overall perceptions comparison about nuclear energy shows average values from the order of highest Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and to lowest, Japan. We implemented a T-test to identify perception differences about nuclear energy, with one group that include 3 countries (Korea, Taiwan and Singapore) and another group that includes all the Japanese students. T-test results of perceptions about nuclear energy shows students from the 3 countries of Korea, Taiwan and Singapore having higher average than Japanese students. (p<.05). Korean average scores regarding overall perceptions about nuclear energy show as the highest in all 4 East Asian countries and also highest in all subcategories. On the contrary in Japan, they have lower and negative perceptions of nuclear energy. In spite of these facts, perceptions of Japanese students about nuclear energy seem lowest and negative mainly because of the recent Fukushima nuclear power plant disaster, caused by the tsunami and its subsequent damages and fears of radiation leaks, etc. This shows that negative information about future disasters and its resulting damages like the Chernobyl nuclear accident could influence more on people's risk perception than general information like nuclear energy-related technologies or the news that the plant is operating normally, etc. Even if the possibility of this kind of accident is very low, just one accident could bring abnormal risks to technology itself. This strong signal makes negative image and strengthens its perceptions to the people. This could bring a stigma about nuclear energy. This study shows that Government's policy about the highest priority for nuclear energy safety is most important. As long as such perception and decision are fixed, we found that it might not be easy to get changed again because they were already fortified and maintained.