• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.181-192
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• 2009

Prints in the contemporary art has the radical aspects at not only to maintain the characteristic of printmaking in a field of visual image but also to fulfill and communicate a desire of the public. We can see this from the change of the printmaking forms among the alternation of diverse expression methods and media such as from the line-cut at the Renaissance to colored print process, photography, the beginning of 20th century cartoons, advertisement, art, and graphic poster. From that, we can understand the printmaking as a fluid media, not fixed, has finely accomplished its functions as an act of visual language to smoothly communicate with the individual desire and character than word or language at the complex and various cultural surface. This study is focused on that prints as an avant-garde language in popular culture. Therefore, I have examined the following two aspects. First, with focussing at the specific characters of the graphic posters, I try to define the differences between language and visual language and the effect from it to our emotional perception and behavior with the politic and economic point of view. Second, how has the printmaking art as an fine arts finely accomplished an linguistic action. These are the purpose of this study.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.109-118
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• 2003

This design is for the landscape of Busan Yeonje Post Office. The design requirements were: the preparation of an open space, the expression of regional identity, total design concept, and application of environmentally-friendly materials. The Busan Yeonje Post Office is not a just post office building but also a place for people including a communications center, rental offices, and a post office, facilities which require publicity, functionality, and symbolism. Therefore, this design reflected the design requirements, and considered the following to include the theme of "Pleasant messages and a pleasant post office with vitality and comfort. First, the open space was to be increased in the adjacent public vacant lot and street park by pulling back the construction line. In this way, the publicity, accessibility, and spatiality of the prepared open space were strengthened. Second, a sense of place for the landscape was expressed through the image of a wave representing Busan, a coastal town. Recognition of the space was strengthened, while regional identity and the concept of transmission of information were expressed. In addition, Citrus junos Sieb., representing 'Happy news' was Planted as a symbolic tree to denote a meaningful resting Place. Third, with respect to the design of reception facilities, considering the general purposes of the construction, post office stamps, envelopes, and postal delivery persons were portrayed on the walls, decorative walls, and environmental formations respectively The flooring was decorated with stamps and waves in keeping with of the total design concept. Fourth, to select environmentally-friendly materials, soil block and eco-grass block were introduced as major paving materials, and folk kinds of trees were included on site. According to the aforesaid plans, the researcher attempted to convert the public agency and office space characterized by feelings of dullness and rigidity into a soft and vivid outdoor space. It is expected that the location will be an open place in the downtown area and be recognized as a 'shared' space for citizens of Yeonje-gu.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.117-126
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• 2006

Although we have seen recently increasing number of eco-villages, any eco-village is not registered in Global Eco-village Network. It is important to review the definition of eco-villages and to provide useful basic information for future eco-villages. The main research aim is to analyze landscape characteristics of community garden and common spaces and to identify ecological symbolism of landscape created by residents in eco-villages. Seven eco-villages in Germany, Denmark and UK were selected and the following aspects were investigated through field survey; the settlement background, social and economical aspect, architectural specifications, recycled energy, and landscape characteristics of external spaces in eco-villages. The result indicated that the landscape of eco-village did intend neither to return to primitive society nor to control nature by technology. It intended to coexistence with nature. Primitive nature is symbolically restored and people who have it in mind strongly intend to grow together this common sense. Landscape creation has important role in creating common relationship between human living and nature. When we regard it conceptually as the eco-symbolism in landscape design of community garden, it presented the meaningful relationship with landscape and human life. It is not expression of landscape materiality and designed form but sense of place and landscape image. Landscape design would be expected to reveal the life stage and cycle from designed physical form and materiality through as time goes by when it is part of environmental circulation process by means of human living as meaningful relationship.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.614-623
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• 1994

Synthesizing speech and facial images is necessary for human interface that man and machine converse naturally as human do. The target of this paper is synthesizing the facial images. In synthesis of the facial images a three-dimensional (3-D) shape model of the face is used for realizating the facial expression variations and the lip shape variations. The various facial expressions and lip shapes harmonized with the syllables are synthesized by deforming the three-dimensional model on the basis of the facial muscular actions. Combications with the consonants and the vowels make 14.364 syllables. The vowels dominate most lip shapes but the consonants do a part of them. For determining the lip shapes, this paper investigates all the syllables and classifies the lip shapes pattern according to the vowels and the consonants. As the results, the lip shapes are classified into 8 patterns for the vowels and 2patterns for the consonants. In advance, the paper determines the synthesis rules for the classified lip shape patterns. This method permits us to obtain the natural facial image with the various facial expressions and lip shape patterns.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.155-164
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• 2004

Recently, we have remarkable developments in intelligent robot systems. The remarkable features of intelligent robot are that it can track user and is able to doface recognition, which is vital for many surveillance-based systems. The advantage of face recognition compared with other biometrics recognition is that coerciveness and contact that usually exist when we acquire characteristics do not exist in face recognition. However, the accuracy of face recognition is lower than other biometric recognition due to the decreasing in dimension from image acquisition step and various changes associated with face pose and background. There are many factors that deteriorate performance of face recognition such as thedistance from camera to the face, changes in lighting, pose change, and change of facial expression. In this paper, we implement a new sliding active camera system to prevent various pose variation that influence face recognition performance andacquired frontal face images using PCA and HMM method to improve the face recognition. This proposed face recognition algorithm can be used for intelligent surveillance system and mobile robot system.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2007

This study suggests the new technique to express the texture that copes with the demands of the times by trying to apply the new Nuno-felt technique, to the silk, the representative material for emotion, in order to provide the basic data for the development of highly value added and competitive materials in the domestic and international markets as well as to meet the demand of consumers in the high emotion age pursuing the idiosyncrasy and qualify enhancement. Nuno-felt is the felting technique that places the wool of desired thickness on the thin fabric using wools and various kinds of fabric materials and rubs them. The samples are 3 kinds of silk including plain Chiffon with different touch, Pongee and Organza and Merino Wool, the best quality wool of wools. As a result, beyond the simple surface effect from the silk showing the superior drape feature with one color and soft wool, the Nuno-felt technique created the feminine as well as masculine, classic and modem image. Furthermore, the harmony of opacity and transparency produced the new dynamic and dimensional texture with the combination of different emotions through the visual emotion of different grey colors and rough, crude and soft touch. This study suggested the possibility that the Nuno-felt technique could create the new emotional materials for the modem sense by combining the materials with different features from the wools unlike the traditional simple felt technique.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.853-860
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• 2007

Resistance to anticancer drugs is a major obstacle in the effective treatment of tumors. To understand the mechanisms responsible for multidrug resistance (MDR), a proteomic approach was used to identify proteins that were expressed in different levels by the adriamycinresistant human gastric cancer cell line, SGC7901/ADR, and its parental cell line, SGC7901. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and image analysis was used to determine which protein spots were expressed in different levels by the two cell lines. These spots were then partially identified using ESI-Q-TOF mass spectrometry, and the differential expressional levels of the partially identified proteins were then determined by western blot analysis and real-time RT-PCR. Additionally, the association of Nucleophosmin (NPM1), a protein that was highly expressed by SGC7901/ADR, with MDR was analyzed using siRNA. As a result of this study, well-resolved, reproducible 2-DE patterns of SGC7901/ADR and SGC7901 were established, and 16 proteins that may playa role in the development of thermo resistance were identified. Additionally, suppression of NPMl expression was found to enhance adriamycin chemosensitivity in SGC7901/ADR. These results provide a fundamental basis for the elucidation of the molecular mechanism of MDR, which may assist in the treatment of gastric cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.38
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• pp.51-72
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• 1998

Futurists objected the existent style, that is the conventional fashion, and took part in these disciplines of fashion to make clothes the instruments being able to represent the individuality. Giacomo Balla and fortunato Depero, pain-ters who in 1915 were to work with Diaghilev's company, were the first to see clothing as a dynamic interfaced between th body and the atmosphere, between physical gestures and the urban context, which could be translated into encounters between forms and colours, volumes and architecture. For them, clothing began to exist as an object and an event, something to be removed from a mainly static conception and made mobile, active. The interaction between movement and clothing was based on the relativity of perception : the appearance and disappearance of the body produced points without dimension or duration which served, as Balla wrote in the Futurist Mnaifesto of Men's Clothing to“renew incessantly the enjoyment and impetuous movement of the body”. The historical achievement in the effort for the reformation of Futurist, Art to Wear. First, for Futurist, clothing is removed from a static conception and focused on dynamics. Second, Balla used asymmetry in men's clothing. Moreover he supposed dynamic men's clothes by using optical intersection. Third, the after image of Chronophotograph represented rapidity. This rhythmic expression is the fore-runner in Optical and Kinetic Art of Visual Art. Fourth, Futurist emphasized flexibility in fashion. They aimed to create‘Clothing Machines’whose parts would interact to aceelerate the real and virtual, inner and outer movement of the human being. Fifth, the variety and short life of cutting skills and colors are focused and‘Fast Substance’in fashion is admitted by Futurists. Futurist concern with clothing was not lim-ited its appearance in terms of cut and colour. What important was also the way it appeared and disappeared according to fashion. It was a“fast substance”, able to reflect rapid, sudden changes of social and aesthetic taste. To reach to the aim of internationalization, Gesamtkunstwerk in our Art to Wear, it is extremely meaningful to examine art fashion which is created under the conception of Gesamtkunstwerk production of avang garde artist in the early 20th century and look at formative conscious of truth, goodess and beauty synthetically which they faced on their works of art.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.63-78
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• 2004

The purpose of this study examines the characteristics of the Techno-Cyber fashion in modern fashion, and especially, how the make-up in the Techno-Cyber fashion is expressed artistically, and finally how much the make-up has its aesthetic value and significance. This study has its meaning in studying the relationship between the Techno-Cyber fashion and the make-up. Further more, the study has its significance in that it is possible to consider the interaction of the make-up by the fashion trend. The way of the study is to analyze its features that are shown in the documents of the inside and outside of the country. the study precedent, the technical journal, and the fashion picture. And also the study refers to the related contents in the searching for internet. The aesthetic characteristics of the expressed make-up is shown with the various aesthetic styles, as follows : First, the future-oriented characteristics is shown as the expression of the metallic make-up that emphasizes the glitter and glossy texture, and of the transparent make-up that emphasizes the simplicity of the body. Second, the surrealistic characteristics is expressed to the collage make-up that expresses the unexpected character with the introduction of the special materials and the position changing and the graphic make-up that destroys the standardized form. Third, the anti-cultural characteristics is expressed to the Cyber-Punk make-up that expresses the destructive and challenging image. Finally, the compromise characteristics is shown in the Ethno make-up combined the concept of the ethnic with the high technology and the Androgynous make-up which destroys the bounds of the sex.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2011

As modern society advances, women's self-consciousness and attitudes toward beautiful appearances have changed. Amid this trend, the young and slim body of adolescent girls expressed in contemporary fashion incites fantasy on continuing youth among women. In modern society, women's youth is frequently regarded as a subject of consumption and a sex product in the mass media. In this regard, the study is focused on examining desire and psychology of worshipping women's youth and beauty in connection with flapper fashion in the 1920s. In the process, the study took a look at the social and cultural background of flapper fashion and conducted an analysis on formative characteristics and aesthetic sense of flapper fashion as follows: First, the formative characteristics include a short skirt that expresses straight lined shape and the beauty of exposure, lighter clothing, thick make-up, short hair style and black or vivid colors, and they lead to exceptional and innovative aesthetic sense in flapper fashion. Flapper fashion style is focused on completely denying outdated fashion worn by women in the age right before. Second, pursuit of mature, graceful and classical beauty that had continued in previous ages has gone through complete changes in the flapper era in the name of pursuit of youth, and the flapper fashion expresses sensual image through the exposure of slim arms and legs of a young girl. In the formative characteristics, aesthetic sense of youth and sensuality inherent in the flapper fashion was generated. Third, women's free-spirited lifestyle at that time and 'aesthetic sense of freedom and amusement that reflected the speed of machine civilization could be found in the flapper fashion. Material and decoration of the flapper fashion pertained to clothing that enabled a free expression through rapid movements. Aesthetic sense of the flapper fashion generated in the process could be defined as women's internal determination to express individual and free-spirited ideas through the use of fashion when tradition and order of the old age were torn down. And this aesthetic sense is continuously affecting modern fashion design.