• 제목/요약/키워드: Ilex paraguariensis

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비만치료를 목적으로 마테(Yerba Mate, Ilex paraguariensis)를 함유한 복합투여물의 효과 및 부작용에 대한 고찰 (A Review of Combination Effects and Adverse Effects of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) on the Treatment of Obesity)

  • 안재현;이민호;이승훈;최도영;이재동
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.135-150
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    • 2016
  • Objectives : The aim of this study is to review the combination effects and adverse effects of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) on the treatment of obesity. Methods : Four databases were searched, including Pubmed, National assembly library, RISS4u, and NDSL, for studies published before March 31, 2016 using the keywords 'yerba mate', 'Ilex paraguariensis', and those related to 'obesity'. Clinical trials, and both in vivo and in vitro studies were classified according to the following categories: publication year, nationality, types and composition of test compounds, combination effects, adverse effects, and safety. Results : A total of 16 articles (14 clinical trials, one in vivo, one in vitro) were included in the analysis. Combination effects were reported from six YGD (Yerba Mate, Guarana, Damiana, Zotrim), five Meltdown, one Shred-matrix, one DBX (DymaBurn Xtreme), one XSIII research study, and adverse effects were reported from two YGD (Zotrim), four Meltdown, one Shred-matrix and one MetEF research study. YGD and Shred-matrix increased satiety while YGD and MetEF had adverse gastrointestinal effects potentially due to guarana. Meltdown and Shred-matrix increased energy expenditure and fat oxidation and had the adverse effects of increased heart rate and blood pressure due to the thermogenic effect of caffeine and yohimbine. DBX increased resting energy expenditure but no difference was observed in respiratory exchange ratio. XSIII reduced body weight gain and food intake more than each of the extracts did on their own. Conclusion : Taken together, the combination effects and adverse effects differed according to the composition of test compounds and the ratio of ingredients. Multicomponent approaches should be used for treating multifactorial diseases such as obesity. As a general conclusion, there is a place for a combination of herbal components including yerba mate, based on the principle of Kun-Shin-Choa-Sa for the treatment of obesity.

Inhibition of Glycation End Products Formation and Antioxidant Activities of Ilex paraguariensis: comparative study of fruit and leaves extracts

  • Laura Cogoi;Carla Marrassini;Elina Malen Saint Martin;Maria Rosario Alonso;Rosana Filip;Claudia Anesini
    • 대한약침학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.338-347
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    • 2023
  • Objectives: Ilex paraguariensis (Aquifoleaceae) is cultivated to produce "yerba mate". Due to its nutritional, energizing, hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects, it is used in the elaboration of food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. The oxidative stress related to protein glycation and production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) leads to the development of several diseases. The objective of this work was to compare the antioxidant and anti-AGEs activity of a decoction of fruits (F) and leaves (L). Methods: The antioxidant activity was assayed by the DPPH assay and the inhibition of egg yolk lipid peroxidation (ILP), and anti-AGEs activity, through the inhibition of the formation of fructosamine (IF), β-amyloid (Iβ), protein carbonylation (IC) and AGEs (IA). Polyphenols were quantified by HPLC. Results: Maximum response ± SEM: For F 0.01 ㎍/mL: IF = 42 ± 4%, IC = 17 ± 2% and for 10 ㎍/mL: IA = 38 ± 4%, Iβ = 67 ± 7%. For L 0.1 ㎍/mL: IF = 35 ± 2%, IC = 19 ± 2% and for 100 ㎍/mL: IA = 26 ± 3%, Iβ = 63.04 ± 2%. The DPPH IC50 = 134.8 ± 14 ㎍/mL for F and 34.67 ± 3 ㎍/mL for L. The ILP IC50 = 512.86 ± 50 ㎍/mL for F and 154.8 ± 15 ㎍/mL for L. By HPLC L presented the highest amounts of flavonoids and caffeoylquinic acids. F and L showed strong anti-AGEs activity, affecting the early stages of glycation at low concentrations and the late stages of glycation at high concentrations. The highest activity for both F and L was seen in the IF and Iβ. F presented the highest anti-AGEs potency. L presented the highest antioxidant potency, which was related to the highest content of polyphenols. Conclusion: The fruits of I. paraguariensis could be a source of antioxidant and anti-AGEs compounds to be used with medicinal purposes or as functional food.

마테(Ilex paraguariensis) 추출물/분획물의 항산화능 및 타이로시네이즈 저해 활성 (Antioxidative Effects and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities of Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Extract/Fractions)

  • 공봉주;김용재;백지선;이다빈;이지원;민나영;김아영;박수남
    • 대한화장품학회지
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.391-400
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구에서는 마테(Ilex paraguariensis)로부터 50% 에탄올 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 분획물 및 아글리콘 분획물을 제조하였고 이들 추출물/분획물에 대하여 항산화능을 평가하였다. 추출물 및 분획물의 수율은 건조분말 당 각각 32.0, 4.48 및 0.82%를 나타냈다. 1,1-Phenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 라디칼 시험법을 이용한 자유 라디칼 소거 활성과 루미놀 발광법을 이용한 총 항산화능을 평가하였다. 50% 에탄올 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 분획물 및 아글리콘 분획물의 라디칼 소거활성($FSC_{50}$)은 각각 8.83, 5.84 및 $6.05{\mu}g/mL$이었다. 추출물 및 분획물의 총항산화능($OSC_{50}$)은 모든 추출물이 비교 대조군으로 사용한 L-ascorbic acid ($1.72{\mu}g/mL$)과 유사한 항산화능을 나타냈으며. 50% 에탄올 추출물의 경우 $OSC_{50}$$1.03{\mu}g/mL$로 활성이 가장 큰 것으로 평가되었다. $^1O_2$로 유도된 세포 손상에 대한 보호 효과 실험에서 모든 추출물은 $10{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 비교 대조군인 (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol과 유의적으로 큰 세포 보호 활성(${\tau}_{50}$)을 나타내었다. 특히 아글리콘 분획물은 10 및 $50{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서의 세포 보호 효과가 (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol 보다 약 5배나 크게 나타났다. 에틸아세테이트 분획과 아글리콘 분획의 tyrosinase에 대한 저해 효과는 미백제로 알려진 알부틴과 유사하였다. 이상의 결과들은 마테 추출물이 항산화 및 항노화 화장품 원료로서 응용 가능성이 있음을 시사한다.

Mate Intake and Risk of Breast Cancer in Uruguay: a Case-Control Study

  • Ronco, Alvaro L;De Stefani, Eduardo;Mendoza, Beatriz;Deneo-Pellegrini, Hugo;Vazquez, Alvaro;Abbona, Estela
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.1453-1461
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    • 2016
  • Regarding 'mate' intake (infusion of Ilex paraguariensis herb, a staple beverage in temperate South American regions), most epidemiologic studies showed positive associations with risk of some cancers, (e.g. upper aerodigestive tract), but evidence on breast cancer (BC) risk is limited to a previous multi-site study, which reported a non significant odds ratio [OR]=0.85, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.67-1.09, p for trend=0.31) for the highest quartile of intake. The present study was conducted in order to further assess associations of 'mate' intake with BC risk. We combined two databases of women belonging to public and private healthcare hospitals. The sample included 572 BC incident cases and 889 controls interviewed with a specific questionnaire featured by socio-demographic, reproductive and lifestyle variables, and a food frequency questionnaire of 64 items, also analyzing 'mate' intake (consumer status, daily intake, age at start, age at quit, duration of habit, intensity of intake). ORs and their 95%CI were calculated through unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for relevant potential confounders. The highest quartile of 'mate' intake was inversely associated with BC risk (OR=0.40, 95%CI 0.26-0.57, p for trend <0.001). Stratified analyses also displayed strong significant inverse associations for 'mate' in frequent tea drinkers (OR=0.22), high energy intake (OR=0.23), high body mass index (OR=0.29) and in postmenopausal women (OR=0.36), among other results. As conclusions, we found evidence of a significant inverse association for 'mate' intake and BC risk.

Mate and Tea Intake, Dietary Antioxidants and Risk of Breast Cancer: a Case-Control Study

  • Ronco, Alvaro L;Stefani, Eduardo De;Mendoza, Beatriz;Vazquez, Alvaro;Abbona, Estela;Sanchez, Gustavo;Rosa, Alejandro De
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제17권6호
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    • pp.2923-2933
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    • 2016
  • Recently, we reported an inverse association between high 'mate' intake (infusion of Ilex paraguariensis herb, a staple beverage in temperate South America) and breast cancer (BC) risk. Stronger inverse associations were found in high strata of tea, vegetable, fruit and energy intakes, and in overweight/obese women, suggesting possible roles for 'mate' mainly from its antioxidant contribution. The present study attempted to thoroughly explore possible associations among 'mate' and tea intake, dietary antioxidants and BC risk. Combining two databases of previous studies, 572 BC incident cases and 889 controls were interviewed with a specific questionnaire featuring socio-demographic, reproductive and lifestyle variables, and a food frequency questionnaire (64 items), focusing on 'mate' intake (consumer status, daily intake, age at start, age at quit, duration of habit). Food-derived nutrients were calculated from available databases. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated through unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for relevant potential confounders. The highest 'mate' intake was significantly inversely associated with BC risk for both low and high carotenoids (OR=0.40 vs. 0.41), vitamin C (OR=0.33 vs. 0.50), vitamin E (OR=0.37 vs. 0.45), flavonols (OR=0.38 vs. 0.48) and reduced glutathione (OR=0.48 vs. 0.46) strata. High tea intake showed significant inverse risk associations only with high carotenoids (OR=0.41), vitamin E (OR=0.48) and reduced glutathione (OR=0.43) strata. In conclusion, a strong and inverse association for 'mate' intake and BC was found, independent of dietary antioxidant levels. Also strong inverse associations with tea intake were more evident only at high levels of certain dietary antioxidants.

국내 유통 중인 식용식물 추출물의 항산화효과 (Anti-oxidative Activities of Commercial Edible Plant Extracts Distributed in Korea)

  • 김경범;유기환;박하얀;정종문
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제49권4호
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    • pp.328-333
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    • 2006
  • 많은 식물 추출물들은 항산화 효능을 지니고 있으나 대량 생산 공정시 그들의 활성을 잃어버리는 경향이 있다. 따라서 본 본문에서는 대량 생산 공정을 거쳐 국내 유통 중인 43종의 식용식물 추출물을 대상으로 총 페놀 함량, DPPH 라디칼 포착 효능, 그리고 superoxide anion 라디칼 포착 효능을 측정하였다. 그 결과 개똥쑥(Artemisia annua, whole plant), 마태(Ilex paraguariensis leaf), 엉겅퀴(Silybum marianum, fruit 그리고 leaf), 유근피(Ulmus pumila, bark), 운지버섯(Coriolus versicolor, fruit) 그리고 울금(Curcuma longa, root 그리고 stem) 추출물은 70 mg/g 이상의 높은 페놀화합물을 함유하는 것으로 나타났다. DPPH 라디칼의 포착 효능에서 개똥쑥, 마테, 솔잎(Pinus densiflora, leaf), 엉겅퀴, 유근피, 그리고 울금 추출물의 $SC_{50}$ 값 측정 결과 각각 $53.96{\pm}0.81ppm,\;24.61{\pm}2.12ppm,\;35.96{\pm}1.11ppm,\;57.45{\pm}2.13ppm,\;55.25{\pm}1.65ppm$ 그리고 $12.99{\pm}1.67ppm$으로 나타났다(비타민 C의 $SC_{50}$값: $3.86{\pm}0.81ppm$). 또한 superoxide anion 라디칼 포착 효능에서는 개똥쑥, 계피(Cinnamomum zeylunicum, bark), 마테, 복분자(Rubus coreanus, fruit 그리고 leaf), 상엽(Morus alba, leaf), 솔잎, 엉겅퀴, 유근피, 운지버섯, 울금, 자소엽(Perilla frutescens var. acuta, leaf) 그리고 히비스커스(Hibiscus sabdariffa, leaf) 그리고 flower) 추출물의 $SC_{50}$ 값 측정 결과 각각 $53.21{\pm}1.83ppm,\;50.12{\pm}2.12ppm,\;5.59{\pm}0.84ppm,\;41.60{\pm}8.93ppm,\;20.19{\pm}0.97ppm,\;15.19{\pm}1.66ppm,\;21.20{\pm}1.88ppm,\;15.71{\pm}0.91ppm,\;55.48{\pm}2.42ppm,\;52.12{\pm}2.44ppm,\;23.80{\pm}1.98ppm$ 그리고 $11.14{\pm}0.51ppm$인 것으로 나타났다(비타민 C의 $SC_{50}$ 값:$9.61{\pm}0.93ppm$). 특히 마테 추출물과 솔잎 추출물은 총 페놀 함량이 높으면서 DPPH 라디칼과 superoxide anion 라디칼을 동시에 효율적으로 포착하는 효능을 지니고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 마테와 솔잎의 상업적인 추출물은 기능성 항산화제로서 유용한 소재로 사용 가능 할 것으로 사료된다.

The Effect of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguarensis) Supplementation on the Productive Performance of Dorper Ewes and Their Progeny

  • Po, Eleonora;Xu, Ziqian;Celi, Pietro
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제25권7호
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    • pp.945-949
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    • 2012
  • Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis), a tea known for its high antioxidant content, was supplemented to 30 of 60 ewes for 13 wks to assess its effect on their productive performance. A 2.5% inclusion rate of Yerba Mate (YM) in a pelleted concentrate diet decreased feed intake and live weight (LW) during the first few weeks post partum (p<0.001). Overall, the YM group ate less ($2,092{\pm}78g/d$) pellet than the control (CTRL) one ($2,434{\pm}83g/d$); similarly, LW was lower in the YM group compared to the CTRL one, $64.9{\pm}1.6kg$ and $67.3{\pm}1.4kg$, respectively. Lambs' birth weight and growth rates were not affected. At birth, lambs' LW were similar between the Yerba Mate and control groups ($4.2{\pm}0.5kg$ and $4.1{\pm}0.4kg$, respectively. At the end of the trial, Yerba Mate lambs weighed $15.7{\pm}0.4kg$ while CTRL lambs weighed $16.1{\pm}0.4kg$. Average daily growth rate was similar between the two groups and ranged from $176{\pm}19$ to $234{\pm}24g/d$. The inclusion of Yerba Mate in a pelleted diet increased milk fat, protein and total solids content while it decreased milk lactose content. Further work is required to investigate the mechanisms by which Yerba Mate supplementation affects feed intake and milk composition.

The Effect of Yerba Mate (Ilex Paraguariensis) Supplementation on Nutrient Degradability in Dairy Cows: An In sacco and In vitro Study

  • Hartemink, Ellen;Giorgio, Daniela;Kaur, Ravneet;Di Trana, Adriana;Celi, Pietro
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제28권11호
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    • pp.1606-1613
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    • 2015
  • This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Yerba Mate (YM) supplementation on nutrients' degradation, in vitro dry matter disappearance, gas production and rumen ammonia concentration. Three rumen-fistulated Holstein Friesian cows were used for the in situ incubations and provided rumen liquor for in vitro incubations. The inclusion of YM in a control diet (pasture+pellets) affected some in sacco degradation parameters. YM supplementation decreased the effective degradability and degradation rate of pasture crude protein (CP), and it seems to slow down the degradation of pasture neutral detergent fiber. A significant increase of degradation of pasture acid detergent fiber (ADF) was detected after YM inclusion in the control diet. YM supplementation reduced in vitro gas production of pasture and ammonia concentration of pellets. The addition of YM in ruminant diet could decrease ammonia production and increase protein availability for productive purposes. The moderate presence of tannins in YM could have affected the degradation kinetics of pasture CP and ADF and the ammonia production of pellets.

마테차를 이용한 직물의 염색성 (Dyeing Properties of Yerba Mate Tea on the Fabrics)

  • 유혜자;전성택
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제36권4호
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    • pp.412-421
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    • 2012
  • The yerba mate that grows in the subtropical forests of South America is an evergreen tree within the Aquifoliaceae family. The yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) tea is habitually used as a drink in Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Southern Brazil. A wild mate tree needs about 25 years to fully grow to 15 a height of meters; however, they only grow to a height of 3-5 meters when cultivated. The leaves are 7-11 cm long and 3-5cm wide with a serrated margin. Yerba mate tea-based beverages are made from the leaves and stems of the mate tree. It is known that they contain a rich content of antioxidants and polyphenol, vitamins, amino acids, minerals and colorants. Dyeing properties of a mate plant in the silk, wool, linen and cotton fabrics were investigated. Constituents of colorant of mate tea are chlorophyll and carotinoid; in addition, it has more minerals such as (Fe, Ca, Mn, Mg, Na, K, Zn, and Cu) than green tea. Mate tea colorants showed good affinity to silk and wool fabrics. It was found that the optimum condition for dyeing was 30 minutes for dyeing time, 7 for pH of dyebath, and at a dyeing temperature of $80^{\circ}C$. The maximum absorbance wavelength (${\lambda}_{max}$) of silk and wool fabrics dyed with mate tea were at 420-440nm; however, that of linen and cotton fabrics were at 400nm. K/S values of fabrics dyed under optimum conditions were 1.979 for silk fabrics, 1.541 for wool fabrics, 0.551 for linens and 0.465 for cotton fabrics. Munsell hue values of dyed fabrics measured 3.1Y-6.4GY for silk, 1.4Y-8.3Y for wool, 5.5Y-3.7GY for linen, and 5.3Y-1.3GY for cotton. All dyed fabrics showed hues in-between greenish yellow and greenyellow. Colorfastness to rubbing, perspiration and dry-cleaning of dyed fabrics with mate tea were very good; however, the grades of colorfastness to washing of dyed linen and cotton fabrics were poor, and colorfastness to light were poor.