• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.191-196
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• 2007

The main components in the generalized Mandelbrot sets are under a theoretical investigation for their parametric boundary equations. Using the boundary geometries, a fast construction algorithm is introduced for the generalized Mandelbrot set. This fast algorithm definitely reduces the construction CPU time in comparison with the naive algorithm. Its graphic implementation displays the mysterious and beautiful fractal sets.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2000.06a
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• pp.137-137
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• 2000

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.162-162
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• 2002

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.259-267
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• 2013

We present a high-order potential flow model for the motion of hydrodynamic unstable interfaces in cylindrical geometry. The asymptotic solutions of the bubbles in the gravity-induced instability and the shock-induced instability are obtained from the high-order model. We show that the model gives significant high-order corrections for the solution of the bubble.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1980

The CNDO/2 method was used to compute relative stabilities of various configurations and conformations of acetamide, N-methylacetamide and diacetamide and their protonated forms. It was found that: (a) nonbonded interactions play important roles in determining structural preferences of the compounds, (b)$n-{\sigma}^{\ast}$ "throughbond" interactions always favor cis-protonation (relative to C-N).

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.16 no.11 s.102
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• pp.1164-1170
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• 2005

This paper presents a dual-band, dual-polarized microstrip patch antenna with simple dual-probe feed. The inter-port isolation and cross-polarization are greatly improved by designing feed structure with annular gap between patch and feed-probe. Measured results show that the antenna's inter-port isolation and cross-polarization in each -10 dB return loss bandwidth of $1.84\;GHz\~l.93\;GHz$ and $2.62\;GHz\~2.81\;GHz$ are greater than 21 dB, greater than 22.2 dB and greater than 27 dB, greater than 19 dB, respectively. The antenna gain is about 6.9 dBi in both frequency bands.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.558-562
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• 1992

Xanthine oxidase involved in pruine metabolism oxidizes hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid. The derangement of pruine metabolism results in gout that associates painful deposit of monosodium urate in the cartilage of joints. In the continuous study for natural compound, six flavan-3-ols have been isolated from the leaves of Oolong tea. The structures of procyanidin B-1, B-3, procyanidin B-3-3-O-rhamnose, procyanidin B-1-3-O-gallate, (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate were established by NMR and their inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase activity was investigated. Flavan-3-ols containing the gallate had a high inhibitory capacity. Procyanidin B-1-3-O-gallate showed complete inhibition at $50\;{\mu}M$ and inhibited on the xanthine oxidase competitively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1657-1662
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• 2012

Fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) has been implicated in cell adhesion, motility, and tumor progression in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells. We previously reported that it promotes cell proliferation through the ERK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying FUT4-induced cell invasion remain unknown. In this study we determined the effect of FUT4 on expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-12 induced by EGF in A431 cells. Treatment with EGF resulted in an alteration of cell morphology and induced an increase in the expression of MMP-12. EGF induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kB (NF-${\kappa}B$) and resulted in phosphorylation of $IkB{\alpha}$ in a time-dependent manner. In addition, ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK were shown to play a crucial role in mediating EGF-induced NF-${\kappa}B$ translocation and phosphorylation of $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ when treated with the MAPK inhibitors, PD98059 and SB203580, which resulted in increased MMP-12 expression. Importantly, we showed that FUT4 up-regulated EGF-induced MMP-12 expression by promoting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK, thereby inducing phosphorylation/degradation of $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$, NF-${\kappa}B$ activation. Base on our data, we propose that FUT4 up-regulates expression of MMP-12 via a MAPK-NF-${\kappa}B$-dependent mechanism.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.707-711
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• 2010

Most relational database systems provide $B^+$-trees as their main index structures, and use bulk-loading techniques for creating new $B^+$-trees on existing data from scratch. Although bulk loadings are more effective than inserting keys one by one, they are still time-consuming because they have to sort all the keys from large data. To improve the performance of bulk loadings, this paper proposes an efficient parallel bulk loading method for $B^+$-trees based on CUDA, which is a parallel computing architecture developed by NVIDIA to utilize computing powers of graphic processor units for general purpose computing. Experimental results show that the proposed method enhance the performance more than 70 percents compared to existing bulk loading methods.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.3 s.138
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• pp.244-249
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• 2004

The effects of hesperetin and naringenin on $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation were investigated in normal rat kidney cells transformed by temperature sensitive Rous Sarcoma Virus (tsNRK). The flavonoids, naringenin and hesperetin, significantly reduced v-Src-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation as well as phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3 in tsNRK cells, whereas these compounds did not effect on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation in $NIH3T3{\gamma}l$ cells. In addition, the DNA binding activity of SP-I was also reduced but that of AP-1 was not affected by the compounds. Our study suggests that Src-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation could occur via Akt-GSK-3 pathway without $IkB{\alpha}$ degradation and that naringenin and hesperetin could be used in the treatment of cancer through the inhibition of $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation.