• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2019

Although siderophore compounds are mainly biosynthesized as a response to iron deficiency in the environment, they also bind with other metals. A few studies have been conducted on the impact of heavy metals on the siderophore-mediated iron uptake by microbiome. Here, we investigated siderophore production by a variety of rhizosphere fungi under different concentrations of $Zn^{2+}$ ion. These strains were specifically isolated from the rhizosphere of Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng). The siderophore production of isolated fungi was investigated with chrome azurol S (CAS) assay liquid media amended with different concentrations of $Zn^{2+}$ (50 to $250{\mu}g/ml$). The percentage of siderophore units was quantified using the ultra-violet (UV) irradiation method. The results indicated that high concentrations of $Zn^{2+}$ ion increase the production of siderophore in iron-limited cultures. Maximum siderophore production by the fungal strains was detected at $Zn^{2+}$ ion concentration of $150{\mu}g/ml$ except for Mortierella sp., which had the highest siderophore production at $200{\mu}g/ml$. One potent siderophore-producing strain (Penicillium sp. JJHO) was strongly influenced by the presence of $Zn^{2+}$ ions and showed high identity to P. commune (100% using 18S-rRNA sequencing). The purified siderophores of the Penicillium sp. JJHO strain were chemically identified using UV, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF-MS) spectra.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.235-250
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• 2023

Let 1 ≤ p, q < ∞ be fixed, and let R = [r_jk] be an infinite scalar matrix such that 1 ≤ r_jk < ∞ and sup_j,k r_jk < ∞. Let 𝓑(𝑙_p, 𝑙_q) be the set of all bounded linear operator from 𝑙_p into 𝑙_q. For a fixed Banach algebra 𝐁 with identity, we define a new vector space S^R_p,q(𝐁) of infinite matrices over 𝐁 and a paranorm G on S^R_p,q(𝐁) as follows: let $$S^R_{p,q}({\mathbf{B}})=\{A:A^{[R]}{\in}{\mathcal{B}}(l_p,l_q)\}$$ and $G(A)={\parallel}A^{[R]}{\parallel}^{\frac{1}{M}}_{p,q}$, where $A^{[R]}=[{\parallel}a_{jk}{\parallel}^{r_{jk}}]$ and M = max{1, sup_j,k r_jk}. The existance of S^R_p,q(𝐁) equipped with the paranorm G(·) including its completeness are studied. We also provide characterizations of β -dual of the paranormed space.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1671-1686
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• 2022

Face manipulation tools represented by Deepfake have threatened the security of people's biological identity information. Particularly, manipulation tools with deep learning technology have brought great challenges to Deepfake detection. There are many solutions for Deepfake detection based on traditional machine learning and advanced deep learning. However, those solutions of detectors almost have problems of poor performance when evaluated on different quality datasets. In this paper, for the sake of making high-quality Deepfake datasets, we provide a preprocessing method based on the image pixel matrix feature to eliminate similar images and the residual channel attention network (RCAN) to resize the scale of images. Significantly, we also describe a Deepfake detector named Cascaded-Hop which is based on the PixelHop++ system and the successive subspace learning (SSL) model. By feeding the preprocessed datasets, Cascaded-Hop achieves a good classification result on different manipulation types and multiple quality datasets. According to the experiment on FaceForensics++ and Celeb-DF, the AUC (area under curve) results of our proposed methods are comparable to the state-of-the-art models.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.8-27
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• 2000

Components of extracellular matrix and the matrix-degrading enzymes are some of the key regulators of tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a matrix glycosaminoglycan, is known to promote tumor adhesion and migration, and its small fragments are angiogenic. Until now, we have compared levels of hyaluronidase, an enzyme that degrade HA, in normal adult prostate, benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer tissues and in conditioned media from epithelial explant cultures, using a substrate (HA)-gel assay and ELISA-like assay (Kim et al., unpublished results). The present review described an overall characterization of hyaluronidases and its application to human diseases. The hyaluronidases are a family of enzymes that have, until recently, deed thorough explication. The substrate for these enzymes, hyaluronan, is becoming increasingly important, recognized now as a major participant in basic processes such as cell motility, wound healing, embryogenesis, and implicated in cancer progression. And in those lower life forms that torment human beings, hyaluronidase is associated with mechanisms of entry and spread, e.g. as a virulence factor for bacteria, for tissue dissection in gas gangrene, as a means of treponema spread in syphilis, and for penetration of skin and gut by nematode parasites. Hyaluronidase also comprises a component of the venom of a wide variety of organisms, including bees, wasps, hornets, spiders, scorpions, sh, snakes and lizards. Of particular interest is the homology between some of these venom hyaluronidases and the enzyme found in the plasma membrane of mammalian spermatozoa, attesting to the ancient nature of the conserved sequence, a 36% identity in a 300 amino acid stretch of the enzyme protein. Clearly, hyaluronidase is of biological interest, being involved in the pathophysiology of so many important' human disorders. Greater effort should be made in studying this family of enzymes that have, until recently, been overlooked. Also, oriental medical application of the hyaluronidase will be discussed with respect to inhibition and suppression of inflammation and malignacy.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.113-125
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• 2007

탄성지반 위의 비대칭 개/폐단면의 박벽보에 대한 탄성해석 및 안정성해석을 수행하기 위해 엄밀한 강성행렬을 계산하기 위한 개선된 수치해석 기법을 새롭게 제시한다. 본 연구에서 제시한 수치해석기법은 박벽보의 안정성 해석을 위한 엄밀한 강성행렬을 산정하는 선행된 수치해석기법의 결점을 보완하고 있다. 본 연구에서 제시한 기법은 일반화된 고유치 문제에 관한 해를 얻는 것으로서 일반화된 14개의 변위에 대한 고유치 문제를 평형방정식에 관한 1차의 연립상미분 방정식으로 변환함으로써 얻어진다. '0'의 고유치에 대응되는 변위파라미터에 대해 다항식이 가정되며 항등조건으로부터 '0'의 고유치의 수와 동일한 미결정된 파라미터를 포함하는 고유 모우드가 결정되고 이로부터 'non-zero'의 고유치와 다항식의 해를 조합함으로써 엄밀한 변위함수가 결정된다. 이후 부재력-변위의 관계를 이용하여 엄밀한 강성행렬을 산정하게 된다. 본 연구에서 개발한 수치해석 기법의 타당성을 검증하기 위해서 본 연구에서 제시한 이론에 의한 해를 제시하고 보요소 및 쉘요소을 사용한 유한요소해와 비교 검토한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.483-489
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• 2005

To understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate intramuscular fat deposition and its release, cDNA clones expressed in adipose tissues of Korean cattle were identified by differential screening from adipose tissue cDNA library. By partial nucleotide sequencing of 486 clones and a search for sequence similarity in NCBI nucleotide databases, 245 clones revealed unique clones. By a functional grouping of the clones, 14% of the clones were categorized to metabolism and enzyme-related group (stearoyl CoA desaturase, lactate dehydrogenase, fatty acid synthase, ATP citrate lyase, lipoprotein lipase, acetyl CoA synthetase, etc), and 6% to signal transduction/cell cycle-related group (C/EBP, cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, calmodulin, cyclin G1, cyclin H, etc), and 4% to cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix components (vimentin, ankyrin 2, gelosin, syntenin, talin, prefoldin 5). The obtained 245 clones will be useful to study lipid metabolism and signal transduction pathway in adipose tissues and to study obesity in human. Some clones were subjected to full-sequencing containing open reading frame. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of human prefoldin 5 gene had a total length of 959 nucleotides coding for 139 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine prefoldin 5 with those of human and mouse showed over 95% identity. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of human ubiquitin-like/S30 ribosomal fusion protein gene had a total length of 484 nucleotides coding for 133 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine ubiquitin-like/S30 ribosomal fusion protein gene with those of human, rat and mouse showed over 97% identity. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of human proteolipid protein 2 mRNA had a total length of 928 nucleotides coding for 152 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine proteolipid protein 2 with those of human and mouse showed 87.5% similarity. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of rat thymosin beta 4 had a total length of 602 nucleotides coding for 44 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine thymosin beta 4 gene with those of human, mouse and rat showed 93.1% similarity. The cDNA clone of bovine homolog of human myotrophin mRNA had a total length of 790 nucleotides coding for 118 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine myotrophin gene with those of human, mouse and rat showed 83.9% similarity. The functional role of these clones in adipose tissues needs to be established.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.378-391
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 손가락 면의 영상으로 개인 식별이 가능한지를 실험하고 그 결과를 제시하였다. 이를 위하여 구배치(gradient)를 산출할 수 있는 오퍼레이터인 FFG 마스크(Facet Function Gradient mask)를 사용하고, F-알고리즘이라 명명한 새로운 방법으로 매칭 처리를 하였다. 이 알고리즘에서 손가락 면의 영상을 일정한 크기의 부영역(subregion)으로 나누고, 부영역은 다시 일정한 크기의 패치(patch)들로 나눈다. 각 패치에 같은 크기의 FFG 마스크들을 컨벌루션시키고, 마스크 별로 하나의 수치를 얻는다. 이들 수치를 특징매트릭스(feature matrix)로 삼고, norm에 의하여 동일인 여부를 판정한다. 두 개의 손 영상이 동일인의 것인 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우에 FFG 컨벌루션 수치 차 제곱 총화의 분포를 관찰한 결과 뚜렷한 차별성을 보였다. 이것은 손가락 면 영상의 식별 능력을 입증하는 결과이다. 100명의 손 영상을 5벌씩 촬영한 500장의 영상을 F-알고리즘에 의하여 실험한 결과 95.0%의 개인 식별률을 얻었다. 이러한 식별 능력과 식별률에 비추어 손가락 면(finger face)은 다른 biometric들과 대등한 수준으로 개인 식별을 위한 biometrics의 하나로 손색이 없음을 말할 수 있다

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.912-918
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• 2008

This study was conducted to identify the differences in proteomic characteristics of 'Agakong', recombinant inbred line, and its parental genotypes 'Eunhakong' (Glycine max) and 'KLG10084' (G. soja). The isoflavone content of 'Agakong' was 3 times higher than that of its parental lines. A combined high-throughput proteomic approach was employed to determine the expression profile and identity of proteins using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. The overall distribution patterns of proteins are quite similar, but lots of protein spot intensities varied among the genotypes. A total of 41 proteins, representing significant difference in the quantities of protein among the lines, were successfully identified. Among them, more than 50% of the proteins identified were subunits of glycinin and $\beta$-conglycinin, 2 major storage proteins. This study showed that the proteomic analysis could help to define specific changes in protein level and composition, which can occur in the generation of new soybean varieties.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.12-16
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 프로테오믹스 기술을 활용하여 칼슘함량이 증가된 새송이버섯과 일반 새송이 버섯에서 단백질 발현의 변화를 조사하였다. 또한 현저한 차이를 보이는 단백질들을 분리, 동정함으로써 새송이버섯 칼슘강화의 기작규명에 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 새송이버섯의 단백질 패턴을 확인한 결과 15 Kda에서 100 Kda 사이에 존재하는 60% 정도의 spot은 산성 pI를 가지며 나머지 40% 정도의 spot은 염기성 영역에 나타났다. 100 Kda 이상에서는 polypeptide spot이 거의 나타나지 않았다. 그리고 9.0 이상의 pI에서도 spot은 거의 나타나지 않았다. 두 배 이상의 발현변화를 보이는 30여개의 spot들 중 10개의 spot에 대한 단백질동정을 할 수 있었다. 10개의 확인된 단백질은 8개의 단백질은 발현이 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며 2개의 단백질은 발현이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 동정된 단백질들의 기능을 고찰한 결과 새송이버섯의 칼슘강화기작을 규명하는데 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2015

Objectives: This study aims to examine the trends of mobile-health research in terms of community participation. Methods: A set of 24 peer-reviewed articles were identified for review. Two authors independently reviewed the articles using a literature review matrix and reexamined as a team. Review categories include: general characteristics, research methods, levels and ranges of community participation, and research topics. Results: Most of the articles were published in 2013-2014, including one domestic paper. Multidisciplinary approaches were used in 65% of the studies. Community participation was at low or mid-levels of Arnstein's participation model. In mobile-health research so far, the level of participation tends to improve as more diverse stakeholders participate in health promotion initiatives with mobile-health. The review yielded five types of mobile-health research for community health promotion: improving the quality of primary healthcare through the community health workers' capacity enhancement; improving the data collection capabilities; facilitating exchanges of community information and resources; reinforcing community identity; and monitoring physical environment of the communities. Conclusions: Although at an early stage of research development, application of mobile-health to community health promotion via participation has a potential. Multi-disciplinary approaches should be fostered for further development.