• 복식
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.82-96
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• 2005

This study focuses on the bag design as a creative design resource rather than on typical bag design as shown in previous research. 1'he purpose of this study is to develop creative and harmonious upper garments in good combination of bags and the sides of clothing. This study was performed with female college students whose age are front 18 to 24. The results of this study are as follows. First, bags are ideal for creative fashion in respect that they reflect modern trend. Second, ornamental materials such as string, chain, and buckle, which used to be details of clothing, are useful to present the characteristics of bags more effectively. This result has shown that details of bags are important determinant of entire fashion details. Third, it expands the sphere of expression of the bag, so the possibility of expansion to a distinguished expression of fashion design is recognized. From the study, we understood the structural characteristics and changes of detail of bags, proposing that the bags take important part in fashion design developments.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.29-43
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the view of the choice of spouse and marriage of unmarried women's college students. Most respondents in this study think that the optimum age for marriage is 27 and prefer a seniority in age of 3-4 years who feels in love as the future husband. Also, they wish that the job of future husband be a technical expert. Approximately 63% of respondents recognize the necessity of marriage but 38% of respondents do not show a positive opinion for marriage. They also expect the emotional stabilization or partnership from marriage. Majority of respondents show a negative response to the marriage as means to solve economic difficulties. However, only 25.9% of respondents strongly show the negative opinion. In the acquaintance of the opposite sex in the purpose for marriage, most respondent are negative. However, they are positive in keeping virginal purity prior to marriage. Also, it has revealed that respondents want a partnership through allotment in domestic duties including baby sitting rather than household management through patriarchal system. In household economy, they prefer sharing living expenses and having a job after marriage. In choosing an ideal husband, although the academic background is considered as an important factor, but the present occupation is more important than the academic background. Also, one of the priority to choosing a spouse is influenced by each household circumstance and economic balance. About half of respondents want their parents-in-law to be alive, however, few respondents want to live together with parents-in-law.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2017

The elementary school classroom is a space where children spend a long time during the day, during the six years of childhood, in which children are emotionally sensitive and emotionally important. Therefore, it is necessary to create a classroom that can develop emotions considering the developmental characteristics of children. However, the elementary school classroom in Korea has less change in the classroom envir- onment than in the rapidly changing curriculum, and classrooms and furniture considering emotional development are hard to find. Therefore, this study suggests the necessity of improvement for classroom furniture of elementary school, presents problem and consideration condition of present classroom furniture by analyzing the present condition of elementary school classroom in Korea and child development characteristic of school age, and proposes the improvement direction through analyzing domestic and foreign classroom furniture products. To do this, we checked the physical and developmental characteristics of children ages 8 to 13, confirmed the use of the classroom furniture in 10 schools located in Seoul, Gye- onggi and Incheon, analyzed the problems of these furniture, compared and analyzed the shape, material, and color of the products of 32 domestic companies teaching tools manufacturers focusing on desks, chairs, lockers, and teaching aid box that are commonly used in classrooms. Through this, this study provided basic data for the selection of ideal classroom furniture in the future.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2008

Tritium ($^3H$ or T) has been produced mostly by atmospheric nuclear weapon tests, and entered the ocean in the form of water (HTO). As tritium exists as water itself, it has been regarded as an ideal tool to study the transport of water masses. In April 2001 we collected water samples in the western Japan Basin (WJB) for tritium and helium measurement. The timely sampling provided direct evidence of the bottom water formation, resulting in the drastic increase in tritium concentration from 0.3 TU in 2000 to 0.67 TU in 2001. Considering that the new bottom waters were found mostly in the WJB, it implies that maximum 1% of the whole bottom layer below 2600 m should be replaced with the surface water during the severely cold winter 2000 2001. $^3H-^3He$ age, showing the elapsed time since the water left from the surface, can be used to calculate oxygen utilization rate by dividing AOU by the age. Under the condition of 90% oxygen saturation in the surface water, the integration of OUR in the water column below 200 m yields net oxygen consumption of 12 mol $(O_2)m^{-2}yr^{-1}$, which corresponds to the export production of $99\;g\;C\;m^{-2}yr^{-1}$. This estimate is comparable to a previous estimate based on satellite data and implies that the ratio of export to primary production(f-ratio) is as high as 0.5 in the WJB.

• 정보관리연구
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2006

지식과 정보를 컨텐츠로 하는 디지털시대는 성공과 실패, 승자와 패자의 구분이 뚜렷해지는 변화에 도전하는 자만이 강자가 될 수 있고 주역이 될 수 있는 시대이다. 본 연구에서는 도서관의 궁극적 목적인 정보제공에 관련된 서비스패턴을 개혁시키기 위해 고안된 FISP(Forecasting Information Service Program) 모델을 제시한다. 이 모델은 아날로그시대의 소극적이고 피동적인 정보서비스패턴을 과감하게 탈피한 혁신전략으로 전문사서의 위상을 높이고 직제를 개편하는데 성공하기까지의 방법론을 밝히는 것이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1122-1131
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• 1995

One hundred eighty-eight patients[August.23,1988,through July.30,1994 underwent aortic[AVR , mitral[MVR , or double [DVR valve replacement with the St.Jude Medical prosthesis. The author analyzed 100 patients with valvular heart disease,who underwent valve replacement with the St.Jude Medical prothesis from 1990 to 1994, at Hanyang University hospital Cardiovascular department. Information on volume and functional change of the heart chamber can be obtained by cardiac echocardiography and cartheterization. Out of 100 patients, 40 patients were male[40% and 60 patients were female [60% . Age ranged from 13 years to 68 years, with mean age of 42.6 years. Mean height was 160.3cm and mean body weight was 54.9Kg. According to NYHA functional classification, class III is most frequent and 60 patients could be classfied under it. MVR [involved Redo MVR was performed in 40 patients, AVR [involved Redo AVR was performed in 18 patients, and DVR [involved Redo DVR was performed in 42 patients. Warfarin [Coumadin anticoagulation was recommended for all patients. Life long warfarin anticoagulation was necessary to all patients who underwent valve replacement with St.Jude Medical prosthesis. Ideal prothrombin time was maintained about 30% during warfarinization. There were no case of mechanical failure. It followed a comparison of echocardiography before and after valve replacement at Hanyang University hospital [30 patients and a preoperative evaluation of cardiac catheterization and angiography [64 patients . The St.Jude Medical cardiac valve is a viable alternative in the surgical therapy of valvular heart disease.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the relationships of the types of nurse staffing, the competency of nursing performance and job satisfaction by analyzing the types of nurse staffing in operating room. Method: The subjects were 472 nurses who work in operating room. The instruments used in this study were three tools: competency of nursing performance, job satisfaction and type of nurse staffing. Result: Type 4 was most in the type of nurse staffing of the subjects. According to the type of nurse staffing, the competency of nursing performance was significantly different. There was significant difference in the competency of nursing performance according to age, marital status, bachelor, employ, position, and career, and job satisfaction according to age, position, and career. In opinion about the ideal type of nurse staffing, type 2 was most regardless of career. Conclusion: Type 4 which has lower competency of nursing performance was adopted in many hospitals now but, type 2 which has highest competency of nursing performance was selected by many nurses as the best one. So, it should be considered the type of nurse staffing of in operating room and change it.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.367-373
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• 2008

Breastfeeding is an ideal approach for physical and emotional development of babies, as well as recovery of mothers. A breastfeeding education for female students seems to be an effective intervention to increase the Korean women breastfeeding rate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes, and other related breastfeeding variables for developing a design for a pre-parental breastfeeding educational information for Korean female students of childbearing age. The sample consisted of 205 Korean female college students, ranging in age from 20 to 25 years old. In this study, a self-administered questionnaire included 6 pages with close-ended multiple-choice questions, and included a cover page with 15 questions on demographic characteristics and personal experiences related to breastfeeding. Data analysis was done utilizing inferential statistics using SPSS 12.0 computer program. The findings indicated that breastfeeding education programs should focus on the practical aspect of attitudes toward. breastfeeding, and that educational information design should focus on the practical aspects of breastfeeding for all. levels of students' education by nurses. Therefore, education for female college students seems to be an effective intervention to increase breastfeeding rate. This study is useful for descriptions of educational activities to help female students develop positive attitudes to breastfeed, to help these students have confidence toward breast-feeding in future by providing correct information and practical techniques on breastfeeding.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권7호
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• pp.778-784
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• 2009

목 적 : 대소변 훈련 시기와 기간 및 부작용과 이에 영향을 주는 인자 등을 살펴보고, 부모들에게 적절한 교육이 되는 자료를 살펴보고자 이 연구를 시작하였다. 방 법 : 2009년 1월부터 2009년 2월까지 전주예수병원과 전주, 익산, 군산지역 소아청소년과 의원에 방문하는, 만 2-6세 아기 1,370명의 부모를 대상으로 성별, 주거 지역, 가족 관계, 기저귀 종류, 훈련 시작 시기, 낮과 밤에 각각 대소변 가린 시기, 부작용, 엄마의 교육 정도, 맞벌이 여부, 경제 수준 등에 대해서 설문조사하였으며, 대소변 훈련 시작 시기와 기간, 완료 시기 및 영향을 주는 인자와 부작용을 분석하였다. 결 과 : 훈련 시작 시기와 완료 시기는 남녀 차이가 없었으며, 군 지역 거주, 위에 형제 자매가 있는 경우, 천기저귀를 사용하는 경우, 맞벌이, 경제 수준이 낮은 경우에 빨랐다. 낮에 대변 가리기, 낮 소변 가리기, 밤 소변 가리기 완료 시기는 각각 23.7개월, 24.8개월, 32.7개월이었으며, 훈련에 필요한 기간은 각각 4.8개월, 5.9개월, 14.0개월이었다. 훈련 완료 시기는 훈련을 18개월 이전에 시킨 경우에는 22.9개월로 18-24개월의 25.9개월, 25개월 이상의 31.0개월보다 일찍 훈련을 마칠 수는 있었으나, 기간은 18개월 이전에 시킨 경우가 8.4개월로 18-24개월의 5.6개월, 25개월 이상의 3.8개월보다 더 걸렸다. 부작용은 유분증, 변비, 거부 반응, 숨기 순이었으며, 18개월 이전에 훈련을 시킨 경우가 그 이후에 시킨 경우보다 유분증과 거부 반응이 많았다. 결 론 : 대소변 훈련 시기는 최소한 18개월 이후에 아기의 발달사항을 종합적으로 고려한 후에 하는 것이 좋을 것으로 판단되었으며 향후 우리나라의 적절한 권고가 만들어져야 할 것이다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2008

Purpose: The objective of this study is anthropometric analysis of mouth and lower face of Korean. The relationship of soft-tissue to underlying bony structures determine the overall aesthetics of the face. The goal of aesthetic surgery of the face is to achieve the ideal normal and enhance the aging face. The purpose of present study was to determine the change of the morphology of the mouth and lower face based on soft-tissue landmarks according to age group to facilitate prediction during aesthetic surgery. Methods: The standardized photographs of 2,018 healthy volunteers(18 to 79 years of age; 1,070 males, 948 females) were investigated. Age groups were classified into young, middle-aged, and elderly groups. Five and seven items were measured on frontal and lateral view photographs, respectively. Individual dimensions were compared in the three age groups and between males and females. Results: The width of mouth is 4.5 times larger than that of philtrum. Most of measured data decreased with age. However, woman's lip width of the mouth somewhat increased from the young to elderly. The width of lower face is 2.5 times larger than mouth in young age group and increased slightly from the young to middle-aged and thereafter slightly decreased to elderly group. Upper lip was more higher than lower lip and male lip was more higher than female. But male and female lip height is similar at old age. Conclusion: Most of Koreans showed prominent lower face because of the development or protrusion of the mandible. And the descent of soft-tissue around the mouth was one of the significant characteristics of senile change. The posterior retrusion of the subnasal was an another characteristic. This study will help to elucidate the age-related dimensional differences of the human being and to provide useful information for clinical applications in oral and aesthetic surgery.