• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.43-57
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• 1995

In order to study the effect of welding fume exposure upon the pulmonary function test, we examined 131 shielded arc welding workers, and 152 $CO_2$ arc welding workers as cases and 177 control workers for their general characteristics, and forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second $(FEV_{1.0})$, forced expiratory volume in one second as a percent of FVC $(FEV_{1.0}%)$, and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMF) were obtained from the spirogram. In shielded arc welding group and $CO_2$ arc welding group, FVC, $FEV_{1.0},\;FEV_{1.0}%$, and MMF were significantly decreased than control group, especially marked in the MMF finding. The distribution of workers below normal range was as follows. in the shielded arc welding group, 2 workers(1.5%) for FVC, 17 workers(13.0%) for $FEV_{1.0}$, 5 workers(3.8%) for $FEV_{1.0}%$, 28 workers(21.4%) for MMF, and in the $CO_2$ arc welding group, 3 workers(2.0%) for FVC, 25 workers(16.4%) for $FEV_{1.0}$, 8 workers(5.3%) for $FEV_{1.0}%$, and 37 workers(24.3%) for MMF, and significant increase by exposure duration was found in MMF. The distribution of workers who had ventilation impairment was as follows: 5 workers(3.8%) for obstructive type, 2 workers(1.5%) for restrictive type in the shielded arc welding group, and 7 workers(4.6%) for obstructive type, 2 workers(1.3%) for restrictive type, and 1 worker(0.6%) was combined type of the $CO_2$ arc welding group. In the respect of these results, the significant pulmonary function and ventilatory impairment were observed in welding fume exposed workers who had not abnormal finding in chest X-ray, and MMF considered as the most sensitive pulmonary function index by welding fume exposure. Therefore even if it is hard to doing pulmonary function test in the first health examination of workers according to the Industrial Safety Health Act in the welding fume exposure workers, it is desirable to consider doing PFT. Also evaluating the ventilation impairment, it is necessary, to observe the change of MMF that marker of effort-independent portion.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2018

Purpose: This study identified the influence of hotel workers' emotional labor and social support on their intentions to change jobs. Methods: Study participants were 437 workers from seven hotels in Korea who consented to the survey. Among them, insufficient responses from 21 participants were excluded, as well as 107 responses from workers with workloads of under one hour of face to face work. Thus, 309 hotel workers were included in the final analysis. A multivariate regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the hotel workers' intention to change jobs. Results: The intention to change jobs was high when external behavior was shown, and workers who received social support from a superior exhibited low intention of changing jobs. Conclusion: The study results show that the most influential variables of turnover intention are external behavior and the support of a superior. It is therefore important to educate managers on personnel management methods for reducing external behaviors so that the rate of job changes by hotel workers can be reduced. It is also necessary to prepare and manage measures for strengthening the support system by workplace superiors.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.268-278
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• 2017

The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of psychological characteristics on job performances of workers at residential homes for the disabled. For the study, a survey was conducted on 170 workers at residential homes for the disabled in Gyeongsangbuk-do (Sangjoo-si, Andong-si and Yecheon-gun) from the 7th of October to 11th of November, 2016. For the analysis, SPSS WIN 18.0 and Amos 21.0 programs were used to conduct t-test, one-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis at a significance level of 5%. The research results were as follows. First, it was found that the psychological characteristics of workers at residential homes for the disabled vary significantly upon their work loads. Second, the differences in job performances of workers at the residential homes for the disabled with their general characteristics were analyzed: it was revealed that the job performance of the workers varies significantly with their education levels, positions and monthly incomes. Third, the job performance of workers at the residential homes for the disabled was found to be having positive correlation with their psychological characteristics as follows: self-esteem (r=.363, p<.001) and self-efficacy (r=.275, p<.001), while having negative correlation with depression (r=-.267, p<.001). This paper is required to be used as a primary source for political development on the enhancement of the psychological characteristics of workers at residential homes for the disabled.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.275-284
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the oral health behavior of shipbuilding company workers in some regions in a bid to provide information on the oral health plans for industrial fields. Methods : The subjects in this study were 310 workers in 10 shipbuilding companies and suppliers in Jeolla Namdo Province, on whom a self-administered survey was conducted. Results : 1. Concerning general information about the subjects who participated in the research, gender was possessed 94.8% by men and 5.2% by women. Age was the largest in 31~40 years old with 44.2%. Marital status was the largest in the married with 64.5%. It was the largest in under high school graduate with 71.9% for academic background, in 2,000,000 won~3,000,000 won with 49.0% for monthly family income, and in cooking with 33.9% for work field. 2. Research subjects' toothbrushing time was indicated to be the largest in after having breakfast. It was indicated to be twice a day with 41.3% for toothbrushing frequency. 90.3% of the respondents are not using auxiliary oral hygiene devices. 3. Recognition on periodontal health status was found larger in workers whose response was that their own periodontal health status is 'healthy' than workers who responded that their status is 'not healthy.' Workers, who don't have subjective symptom on periodontal status, were indicated to be larger. 4. Ratio of subjects with tooth scaling experience accounted for 59.7%. The ratio of tooth scaling experience was indicated to be different depending on academic background and monthly family income. Conclusions : Academic credential, monthly family income and the line of work were identified as the main factors to affect oral health care of the shipbuilding workers. Oral health education and dynamic implementation of corporate oral health promotion which are designed to meet the needs of workers are required.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.3-20
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• 2019

This review aimed to identify risk factors for occupational accidents and illnesses among young workers in the Nordic countries and to attain knowledge on specific vulnerable groups within the young working force that may need special attention. We conducted a systematic review from 1994 to 2014 using five online databases. Of the 12,528 retrieved articles, 54 met the review criteria and were quality assessed, in which data were extracted focusing on identifying occupational safety, health risk factors, and vulnerable groups among the young workers. The review shows that mechanical factors such as heavy lifting, psychosocial factors such as low control over work pace, and organizational factors such as safety climate are all associated with increased injury risk for young Nordic workers. Results show that exposures to chemical substances were associated with skin reactions, e.g., hand eczema. Heavy lifting and awkward postures were risk factors for low back pain, and high job demands were risk factors for mental health outcomes. The review identified young unskilled workers including school drop-out workers as particularly vulnerable groups when it comes to occupational accidents. In addition, apprentices and young skilled workers were found to be vulnerable to work-related illnesses. It is essential to avoid stereotyping young Nordic workers into one group using only age as a factor, as young workers are a heterogeneous group and their vulnerabilities to occupational safety and health risks are contextual. Politicians, researchers, and practitioners should account for this complexity in the education, training and organization of work, and workplace health and safety culture.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.157-168
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• 2017

Objective: This study aims to understand the motorcycle accident characteristics of food delivery workers and to present basic guidelines on accident prevention through accident. Background: It is known that food delivery workers have a high ratio of self-employed and youth workers, and occupations with frequent disasters. Therefore the occupation is known to really be in need of accident prevention policy. Method: This study analyzed the data of motorcycle crashes of 1,310 food delivery workers that have been approved as on-duty industrial crashes since 2015. The accident characteristics were examined by dividing them into driver related factors and accident related factors. Results: Among the motorcycle crashes of food delivery workers, 99.2% of the victims were males, 82.6% had less than six months of work experience. 76.2% of the victims were employed by the companies with less than five workers. In addition, there was a difference in accident characteristics according to age, type of cuisine, accident time of the day, injured organs and injured body part. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used as baseline data to devise systematic measures to prevent motorcycle crashes of food delivery workers. Application: Preventative measures for novice young part time workers including safety education/training need to be established.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.411-420
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the accident characteristics according to the gender of the injured workers in building cleaning and to reflect them in the Industrial Accident Prevention Policy. Background: An analysis of industrial accidents is an essential process for establishing systematic industrial accident prevention measures. In order to establish industrial accident prevention measures for workers effectively, it is necessary to analyze accident characteristics by job type for workers who do the same work. Method: In this study, we analyzed the accident characteristics of 1,645 janitors who were approved of work-related injuries in 2015. We also analyzed the characteristics according to gender by dividing them into worker-related factors and accident-related factors. Results: The accidents caused to the janitors showed different characteristics according to gender, age, work experience, agency of accident, and distribution of original cause materials. In other words, 70.2% occurred to workers over 60 years old and 56.2% occurred to unskilled workers with less than a year of work experience. In the case of accident pattern, 79.1% occurred in tripping (slip) hazards, and 68.2% of accidents occurred on the floor (including the ground) and the stairs, indicating that the accident occurred most frequently during cleaning work on the floor or stairs. Conclusion and Application: The results of the study on the accident characteristics of the janitors can be used as basic data for systematic preventive measures against accidents occurring to the elderly female workers in the service industry.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.80-85
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• 2015

In recent years, Korea's shipbuilding industry have expanded its business into offshore plant. These changes are increasing the interest on job stress in shipbuilding industry. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences of job stressors between white and blue-collar workers. The survey was using Korean Occupational Stress Scale(KOSS) questionnaire and was administered to 8,080 workers of large shipyard company. As a result of the survey, compared with the median score of Korean workers, job stress level of shipyard company workers was low. However, seven categories of KOSS, except for job demand showed higher stress levels of blue-collar workers than white-collar workers. The overall stress level of shipyard company workers is low, however, it is important to find stressors by considering the type of work, working period etc., through a detailed analysis of KOSS 8-categories. The results of this study may be helpful to identify the level of stress and to establish preventive measures in Shipyard Company.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2017

In order to increase the productivity of the logistics center and transportation, we try to articulate the priority ranking factors of the productivity influenced by the personality of the field workers (logistics center workers) and functional workers (drivers) via the AHP technique Individual personality was studied by applying the Big 5 model of psychological factors (openness, Conscientiousness, extroversion, Agreeableness, neuroticism). In this paper, extraversion was critically analyzed as a priority factor. A trait of extroversion is a strongly active and individual personality. In this study, the field workers are logistics center workers and the functional workers are drivers. They are interactively influenced in the In & Out operation. For example, when it comes to 'up and down work' and 'inspection work', the functional workers perform 'up and down work' and 'delivery work' and the field workers perform 'inspection work'. Stressing on the respective work has an affect on work productivity. Inspection workforce has something to do with inventory management. Functional workforce affects the delivery workforce. Delivery work is positively correlated with customer satisfaction. Nevertheless, as a result of research, extrovert personality that has something to do with an energetic activity would not affect on the implementation of their operation. In addition, personal extraversion of workers and drivers in the warehouse can have a significant impact on job commitment and productivity improvement.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.513-522
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• 2010

The aim of this study is to investigate the actual state for the development of the thermally comfortable uniform for workers on a low temperature storage. Observation, interview and survey were executed focusing on the environment, clothing, and human factors which have effects on the comfort of workers. Of 400 distributed, 253 questionnaires were analyzed through descriptives, frequency, ANOVA, t-test, multi-response analysis, correlation analysis with SPSS 12.0. The results are following. Coming and going between a selling area and cold storages, the workers showed to experience a big temperature gap. They indicated to feel cold on face and hands which were not covered by clothing and have got sick because of low temperature. The workers wanted the uniform made of functional fabrics, especially heat insulation fabrics. Female workers rather than male workers, the older, and the longer their working period were, the more uncomfortable they revealed to feel. The workers who works on the daily products part or mainly on the freezer appeared to feel cold more than any other workers. In conclusion, it was found that the uniform which consider steady state and unsteady state heat transfer together must be developed.