• 지역연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.61-71
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• 1994

Despite of being the criteria to choose the efficient and reasonable alternatioves inactual planning process, the measure of accessibility rarely has applied to practices because each model has unexplicity concept of it and limitations in itself. Accessibility implies transportation system which offers opportunity of movement to overcome spatial separation and, simultaneously, land-use system which represents the location of each activity. Therefore, measures of accessibility have to represent the attractiveness of locations and the interactions of activities, that is, land-use and transportation, with an index. Considering that urban activity is based on the economic efficiency, costs and benfits, accessibility means the economic efficiency of the location of activity and the travel in view of land-use and transport repectively. Combined models that measure accessibility with considering land-use and tranportation simultaneously depend on reasonable concepts, but it is too simple for them to explain the accessibility which resulted from complex interaction of urban activities. Combined urban activity model developed by Kim (1983) and Rho (1989) explains the characteristics of activities in each regions and urban strcture in economic general equilibrium states in the long term of urban system. This model measures a regional accessibility with a dual variable which means the location surplus. This is a more systematic and comprehensive model for calculating the regional accessibility because it considers the interaction of each activity in urban system. It needs efforts to apply the accessibility index as a criterion in actual planning process through finding and quantitification of other explanatory variables to measure it in combined urban activity model.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.330-335
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• 2017

We have heard about several keywords of the fourth industrial revolution such as automation, artificial intelligence and connectivity. And electronic publishing systems and ebooks will enable us to experience a new industrial revolution without discrimination. On that level, it is necessary to study a method of automatic accessibility tool for electronic publishing. There are some studies on accessibility standard specifications, accessibility guidelines, and accessibility certificate criteria. but there is little research about automatic inspection tools in electronic publishing area. This paper proposed a library for accessibility inspector of EPUB and its components based on IDPF EPUB accessiblity guidelines and TTA accessibility certificate criteria for reading disabled people. After implementing the library that can be connected to SIGIL, which is the most widely used in Korea, we verified its functionality and its coverage with Korean commercial EPUB files.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.113-127
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• 2020

Current web accessibility checks and automatic assessments have been pointed out that the assessment items and scores are evaluated from the developer's point of view rather than from the user's one. In addition, although most of the grades of an automatic assessment on the public web sites are excellent because they are built in accordance with the web accessibility development guidelines, not a few web sites shows relatively low grades in evaluating their usability test made by those users. Taking into account the inadequacy of these web accessibility assessments, this study has identified the differences between the grades of usability evaluations and automatic evaluations for people with low vision and analyzed the major factors affecting web accessibility usability evaluations using Repertory Grid Techniques. Also, the Hard Laddering method of the Means-End Chain theory was adopted to visualize the relationship between Attributes-Conferences-Value and a hierarchical value system analysis based on FGI(Focused Group Interview) to people with the low vision. This study proposed the measures to improve the current web accessibility automatic assessment allocation, expert evaluation criteria, and user task assessment. In particular, it is a web accessibility user evaluation model that can consider the web accessibility quality certification criteria and user review assessment by directly analyzing the user cognitive structure and value system. This study is expected to be useful as a research to enhance the quality of web accessibility assessment.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2019

The goal of this study is to quantitatively evaluate the effects of the additional construction of urban railroads. To this end, 1) establish accessibility as a measure of quantitative evaluation of construction effects; 2) select the 'Integration' of Space Syntax as a quantifiable indicator of accessibility; 3) represent the Seoul railroads as a network; 4) calculate the 'Integration' form the network before and after the additional construction of the urban railroads. By calculating the change of the 'Integration' of the individual nodes and the change of the sum of the 'Integration' of given zones, the change in accessibility of a particular node and the change in accessibility of a particular region were calculated. After analyzing the change in accessibility in nodes and areas as well, it was confirmed that the additional construction of urban railroads was improving accessibility as a whole of Seoul. It was also identified that there was a degree of difference in the extent of the accessibility change for the different areas. It is particularly noteworthy that changes occur in the accessibility ranking. While certain regions were improving relative rankings, others fell in rank. With this finding, it could be argued that active consideration of the areas in which the relative decline occurs is needed when the planned urban railroad is being built.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1995

The aspect of visual accessibility to urban green spaces is an important factor because it contributes making pleasant environment by increasing the visual experience of nature in urban environment. But we have tried neither to consider nor to measure it. Since he concept of visual accessibility has not formally defined yet, it was operationally defined in this study. And then the model of measuring visual accessibility was suggested and verified through the case study on neighborhood parks in Seoul. The findings are as follows : 1) The concept of visual accessibility is defined as opportunity and potentiality to observe green spaces. 2) The model of measuring visual accessibility deals with not only adjacent area but also viewshed area. In adjacent area, considering factors are the area of road adjacent to green spaces and the area of exposed green spaces. In viewshed area, considering factors are the area of road located in viewshed area, the area of exposed green spaces, and the weight according to observing distance. 3) The final model of measuring visual accessibility suggested in this study is as follows.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2012

The Web accessibility compliance rate of public organizations and private enterprises is still low due to the lack of awareness of Web accessibility by website developers and managers in spite of the fact that web accessibility compliance became mandatory in 2008. Web developers and managers think the website visual quality might be compromised or the website requires more development time and budget in order to comply with the web accessibility guidelines. Therefore, this paper has analyzed whether developers with various training in web accessibility or experience on website development have different perception on time, cost and design issues for developing accessible websites. For this purpose, 72 Web developers with hand-on experience working for website development companies in Korea were sent to the questionaries. The results have indicated that the group of developers with many hours of training in web accessibility and rich experience on website development perceives that they can develop accessible website without additional cost and time or compromising design quality. The contributions of this paper are following： (1) proving the widely recognized perception on budget, time, and design for developing accessible website is incorrect and (2) motivating further research on this subject in the future.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.181-188
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 장애인들의 디지털 정보 접근성 향상에 필요한 전체적인 환경을 조명하고 새로운 발전 방안을 제안한다. 장애인들의 디지털 정보 접근성 향상은 정보의 입력부터 처리 및 출력까지에 필요한 하드웨어와 소프트웨어는 물론이고 필요한 사회적 요소까지 모두 함께 갖추어져야만 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 기존의 많은 논문에서는 웹 접근성이나 장애인을 위한 IT 기술들에 대하여 개별적 주제로 다루었으나 본 논문에서는 이들을 컴퓨터 접근성과 함께 통합적으로 기술하고, 기술적 요인과 함께 사회적 요인을 포함한 통합적 발전 방안을 제안 하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.224-233
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• 2007

본 연구는 최근 급격하게 증가되고 있는 사이버대학의 원격 교육이 웹 접근성 준수 기준에 근거하여 서비스를 제공하고 있는지 측정 및 분석하고, 정보격차의 해소를 위한 방향을 제시하는데 목적을 두었다. 연구 방법으로는 정부인가 사이버대학 10곳을 선정하고, 기술적으로 평가가 가능한 요소를 중심으로 웹 접근성 평가 분석 도구인 'A-Prompt'를 사용하여 웹 접근성 적용 상태를 분석하였다. 또한 2006년 수행 하였던 '사이버대학의 원격 교육 웹 접근성 측정 결과'와 비교하여 '웹 콘텐츠 접근성 지침(KWCAG)1.0'에 따른 접근성 향상 여부도 함께 확인하였다. 이 결과 대체 텍스트의 사용, 보조 설명 도구 지원 등의 항목이 많이 개선된 것으로 측정되었으나, 아직 국내 사이버대학에서 제공하고 있는 웹 콘텐츠를 모든 사람들이 이용하는데 문제점이 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 이와 같은 문제의 해결 및 원격교육의 대중화를 위해 교육용 콘텐츠의 접근성 적용이 반드시 고려되어야 한다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2015

This study aims to assess Green-Tourism accessibility of Rural Experience Village and then prepare improvement methods. To do this study, we surveyed 25 operators of Rural Experience Village in Chungbuk. We used 21 issues in all for analysis and the following shows a summary of major results. Rural Experience Village has a generally hard time conducting facility maintenance. Countermeasures for maintenance are required to run smoothly. Since Rural Experience Village has difficulty attracting visitors to the village, countermeasures are needed to attract visitors through business promotion. The results of assessing Green-Tourism accessibility showed us that some villages are a lot more accessible than others. Therefore, it is necessary that there should be improvements of Green-Tourism accessibility by attracting visitors and increasing operating days so that Green-tourism accessibility can be enhanced. In spite of its high level of accessibility since Rural Experience Village belonging to Goesan has low profitability, it is especially imperative that we establish more positive project promotion to cover it.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.258-268
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• 2021

Online learning systems are becoming an effective educational medium for many universities. The accessibility of online learning system in universities means that every student, including the visually impaired, is able use all the site's services. This research focuses on investigating the accessibility of online learning systems for visually impaired users. The paper purpose is to understand the perception of visually impaired undergraduate students towards Blackboard's accessibility and to make recommendations for a new Blackboard design with accessible features that support their needs. Impact of a new Blackboard design with accessible features on visually impaired students, using Taif University students as a case study is evaluated in this paper, as it is similar to most learning systems used by Saudi universities. A study on Taif University's utilization of Blackboard was conducted using mixed method approaches (an automatic tool and a user study). In the first phase, Taif's use of Blackboard was evaluated by the web accessibility tool called AChecker. In the second phase, we conducted a user study to verify previously discovered accessibility challenges to fully assess them according to the accessibility and usability guidelines. In this study, the accessibility of Taif University's Blackboard was evaluated by thirteen visually impaired undergraduate students. The results of the study show that Blackboard has accessibility issues, which are confusing navigation, incompatibility with assistive technologies, untitled pages or parts, unclear identification for visual elements, and inaccessible PDF files. This paper also introduces a set of recommendations that aim to improve the accessibility of Blackboard and other educational websites developed for this population. It also highlights the serious need for universities to enhance web accessibility for online learning systems for students with disabilities.