• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.13-26
• /
• 1985

^x The enviroment defines the living conditions for people and has at the same time the possibility to create new environment. In Korea, where the rate of urbanization reached more than 50% in 1970′s the priority has been put on the economic development and administrative function. Under the circumstance, visual environmental field was dealt lightly and it resulted in undesirable environment. The techniques of Mordern Arts (Montage, Depeysment, Tromp L′oeil, P.O.P Art, etc.) helped Super Graphics appear in the urban areas. Environmental Art has been expended into the public space and people came to recognize the Arts as the "Street Art" or "Street as Gallery". Super Graphics has four types 1) Resident′s Super Graphics ; Minority groups came to maintain social equality and rights, in cooperation with each other. Such maintenance required general urbanites to form communities which gave birth to the community art, Mural Painting. 2) Environmental Super Graphics ; Beauty has come to be stressed in order to improve the quality of urban lives in the course of inescapable urban development. Instead of renewal of all established construction conservation oriented renewal was encouraged. 3) Super Graphics as Population Arts ; In the 1960′s artists repulsed the establishments in an efforts to open new phase independent from the expressional in the arts. They recognized the relationship between painting, society and the public in different angle and tried to describe all living space on canvas. 4) Super Graphics as Advertisement ; Super Graphics functions as efficient media to deliver images to the urbanites. Super Graphics as media plays the role for political propaganda and commercial advertisements according to their purposes. In Korea, especially, it is required to introduce the environmental Super Graphics. But it is desirable to introduce Super Graphics with Korean culture and sense of beauty. Designers themselves are also required to have responsibility to improve the quality of urban culture.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.168-176
• /
• 2005

As the pluralistic value in which various cultures and trends exist develops the world at large, development of interior design is required to examine consumers by group. This requirement purports to set up a strategic model of operating interior design organizations under cross-cultural (past and present) enviroment, not to express new researches of interior design following the direction of the developed media service. Based on the educational and complex cultural approach to design matters - the key issue in solving the cross-cultural design matters, this paper has suggested the structure of semi-centralized design process and the system for finding out consumers' trends under the new media-based cultural design environment. This study presents some expected effects. First, it will be able to enhance the consumer-oriented design mind by providing the information on the interior design system and design trend. Through analyzing the lifestyle in the 21st century and providing the relevant information, it will lead irrlprovement in living environment. And further, by using the program of searching consumers' new preference, the system of grasping consumers' propensity and making decisions will be materialized. Secondly, based on the background database of forecasted consumers' trends, marketing strategies can be established. Thirdly, through the better technology of designing living environment, efficiency will be increased and the economic foundations through use of new database will be constructed. Fourth, systematic interior design can be developed. Strategic correspondence to consumers' desires and reinforcement of competitiveness will become possible with development of database. By encouraging consumers' participation under digital environment, their trends can be forecasted, and by efficiently using information and new technology, resources can be saved and further, additional costs for promotion and sales will be reduced.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2005

컴퓨터가 여러 분야에 사용되어지고 그들의 정확한 운영이 종종 사업의 성공과 인간의 안전에 결정적이다. 높은 품질의 소프트웨어를 개발하는 것은 상당히 중요하다. 최근 게임이 대중화 되어지면서 게임 소프트웨어의 평가에 대한 관심이 높아지게 되었다. 게임 소프트웨어는 다양한 장르에 따라서 다소의 특징적인 면이 다르기 때문에 게임 소프트웨어를 평가 하는데는 상당한 어려움이 있다. 환경변화로 인해서 온라인 게임은 널리 대중화 되었다. 현재 온라인 게임 소프트웨어는 해외 시장을 개척하고 있다. 회사에서는 개발된 제품에 대하여 베타테스트를 거쳐서 좀더 신뢰성이 높은 제품을 개발하려고 최선을 다하고 있으나 몇 개월간의 베타테스트를 거친 제품도 사용자 측에서는 사용 중 다양한 오류들을 경험하게 된다. 게임의 경우는 게임 환경과 기능성에서 오는 오류가 다양하므로 이것을 평가하기에는 어려움이 많다. 본 연구에서는 게임 소프트웨어를 평가하는데 있어서 경험하게 되어지는 환경적인 요인과 기능적인 오류를 점검하여 품질평가 메트릭에 적용하는 방법에 대하여 연구하였다. 사용자 관점에서 설문조사를 실시하였으며 설문조사 결과를 종합분석하여 게임 소프트웨어의 버그 체크리스트 작성하였다. 또한 버그체크리스트를 품질 평가 메트릭에 적용하였다. ISO/IEC 9126을 기준으로 품질평가모델을 구성하였으며 특히 신뢰성에 대한 평가를 정량화 하기 위해서 버그체크리스트는 IS0/IEC 9126의 신뢰성 평가 메트릭에 적용하는 방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.349-362
• /
• 1997

멀티미디어 데이타는 일반적으로 다른 데이타에 비해 크기가 크고 가공된 데이타의 형태로 의미를 지닌다. 또한 데이타 처리에 있어서도 더 복잡한 과정을 거치게 된다. 따라서 멀티미디어 데이타를 표준화된 방법으로 가공하여 데이타 베이스화 한다면 데이타 활용에 있어서 유사한 작업의 반복없이 서로 다른 사용자간에 데이타를 공유하게 되고 기존 데이타를 재활용할 수 있게 되므로 데이타 처리에 있어서 효율성을 높일 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 OLE 표준에 기초하여 일반 사용자가 손쉽게 멀티미디어 데이타를 다를 수 있는 통합 환경을 제안한다. 이를 위하여 OLE 객체 데이타를 하나의 복합 전자 문서로 구성할 수 있는 저작 환경 및 일반 사용자가 멀티미디어 데이타베이스에 접근해서 손쉽게 객체를 검색하고 추출할 수 있는 사각 질의 인터페이스를 설계/구현한다. 또한 다른 사용자 자간의 OEL 객체의 공유 및 기존 재활용도를 증가시키기 위한 데이타베이스 구축에 필요한 객체 분리 방법 및 통합 환경에서의 체계적 객체 관리 방법을 제시한다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.983-990
• /
• 2011

Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) has been used to estimate potential long-term soil erosion in the fields. However, the USLE does not estimate sediment yield due to lack of module considering sediment delivery ratio (SDR) for watershed application. For that reason, the Sediment Assessment Tool for Effective Erosion Control (SATEEC) system was developed and applied to compute the sediment yield at watershed scale. However, the R factor of current SATEEC Ver. 2.1 was estimated based on 5-day antecedent rainfall, it is not related with fundamental concept of R factor. To compute R factor accurately, the energy of rainfall strikes should be considered. In this study, the R module in the SATEEC system was enhanced using formulas of Williams, Foster, Cooley, CREAMS which could consider the energy of rainfall strikes. The enhanced SATEEC system ver. 2.2 was applied to the Imha watershed and monthly sediment yield was estimated. As a result of this study, the $R^2$ and NSE values are 0.591 and 0.573 for calibration period, and 0.927 and 0.911 for validation period, respectively. The results demonstrate the enhanced SATEEC System estimates the sediment yield suitably, and it could be used to establish the detailed environmental policy standard using USLE input dataset at watershed scale.

• 터널과지하공간
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.335-341
• /
• 1996

This fundamental study analyzes the relationship between rock thermal properties and psychrometric properties in underground space and has a ultimate goal to develope technologies for predicting major environmental variables. The study is divided into 2 subjects (1) developement of a basic model for predicting temperature and humidity, (2) analysis of the validity of the model through application to a local underground storage space for military supplies. The basic model is built for the network of tunnel-shaped underground spaces. The model takes into account rock thermal properties and changes in moisture content in the air due to condensation/evaporation on the rock surface. Using lumped-parameter analytical method, heat flux from or to the surrounding rock is calculated and then the psychrometric properties(air quantity, pressure, temperature, humidity) are estimated through network simulation. The model can be utilized regardless of the tunnel type. The study site is a local storage space built in rock, mainly granite gneiss and quartz-porphyry. It is a U-shaped tunnel, 593.5m long and 6x6.5m wide. Relative humidity inside has to be strictly controlled under 55% to avoid erosion of a certain types of supplies stored in 6 chambers with the capacity of 300~1.000 ton. The thermal conductivity varies between 2.734 and 2.779W/m$^{\circ}C$ and the thermal diffusivity is in the range of 1.119 and $1.152{\times}10^{-6}\;m^2/s$ the specific heat between 910 and $920\;J/kg^{\circ}C$. Relative errors of the predicted values of dry/wet temperature and relative humidity are 0.8~3.0%, 0~7.5% and 0~7.0%, respectively. Apparent errors associated with the rock surface temperature seems to be partly due to the intrinsic limitations in the infrared thermometer used in this study.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
• /
• 제15권10호
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2014

본 연구에서는 다공성 실리카를 사용하여 시멘트계 고화재의 유해성을 개선한 경화토의 기후변화에 대한 강도특성을 규명하기 위하여 습윤건조 반복시험을 수행하여 경화토가 기후영향을 받기 전과 후의 강도특성을 규명하고자 한다. 본 연구에 사용된 경화토는 주위에서 쉽게 구할 수 있는 화강풍화토 및 우드칩을 사용하였으며, 일축압축시험을 위한 공시체는 지름 50 mm, 높이 100 mm의 크기로 혼합토 중량대비 실리카의 혼합비율을 5 %, 10 %, 15 %로 변화시키고 각 단계별로 우드칩을 0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 % 혼합하여 제작하고 7, 14, 28일 동안 상온으로 양생시킨 후 습윤건조 반복과정을 0, 3, 6, 12 cycle을 반복하여 역학적인 특성을 평가하였다. 또한 습윤건조 전후의 상대동탄성계수 변화를 평가하기 위하여 각 사이클이 종료되면 동탄성시험을 수행하였다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 2014

Landscape zones have been designated as aesthetic old town districts across a wide range of Nakakyo-Ku and Shimokyo-Ku, city center of Kyoto, Japan. In these districts in which traditional structures and new buildings coexist, regulations of restriction on acts such as new building's heights, shapes, materials, and colors are carried out according to local governmental landscape ordinance based on Scenic Conservation Act. And yet, minimal fulfillment of the regulations according to different designer's subjective interpretation and principle of economy is rather creating abnormal shapes not harmonized with the traditional landscape. Thus, this study aims to extract combinations between form elements of middle and high rise apartment facade that affects 'harmony' and 'mismatch' in the districts by clarifying the social rules commonly implied based on intuitive judgments (sensibility evaluation) in which human experiential knowledge is involved. As research methods, the study first analyzes the form elements of the facade through a field survey, sets up a standard model through tasks of classification and segmentation and draws computer graphic images with 99 different patterns based on it. Based on these images, this study carries out sensibility evaluation and analyzes experimental data applying the rough set theory. As a result of the analysis, the combinations of form elements that affect harmony or mismatch act greatly when the colors and shapes of the pillars, positions and the patterns of the use of the first floor are combined.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.1128-1140
• /
• 2009

본 논문에서는 TMO 실시간 객체 모델을 이용하여 실시간 통신 메시지 서비스를 효과적으로 지원하기 위해 중환자의 실시간 생체정보 전송 시스템을 나타내었다. 또한 분산된 네트워크 시스템에서 TMO 구조를 이용하여 ICU(intensive care unit) 응용 환경에 적용함으로서 실시간 메시지 서비스를 보장하였다. TMO를 이용한 생체정보 파싱 수신 모듈은 ICU의 Central Monitor로부터 수신할 수 있는 Raw Data 형태의 환자의 생체 정보를 생체 정보 웹 뷰어 시스템에서 사용가능한 데이터로 분석할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 실시간 뷰어 시스템은 환자 생체정보에 대한 실시간성과 생체 정보에 대한 데이터의 연속성을 부여하여 베드 사이트의 환자에게서 발생된 모든 생체정보에 의해 환자 관리를 데이터베이스를 이용하여 전산화함으로써 환자의 광범위한 자료 검색이 이루어지므로 원격진료로 활용이 가능하다. TMO 객체 모델을 기반으로 한 실시간 시뮬레이션에서 몇 가지의 TMO 구조의 장점을 가지고 있으며, TMO 객체 모델은 요구 명세서와 설계 사이의 강력한 연관성을 가지고 있다.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 1983

On the basis of the facts found in the previous report that chlorine destroyed cell membrane and stalk of Caulobacter crescentus and that the damaged cells abonrmally differentiated to elongate their stalks when the chlorinated cells were reincubated in fresh medium, it was suggested that there might be some ecological correlations between the level of water pollution and morphology and phsiology of Caulobacter cells. In order to determine such correlations in this study, 18 isolates of caulobacters were isolated from three sites of Musimcheon River which were gradually polluted by domestic sewages and 6 species were identified. Four cell types of bacteroid, vibroid, subvibroid, and fusiform is were isolated from the least polluted water at the rate of 43%, whereas only two cell types of bacteroid and vibroid were isolated from the more polluted waters at the rates of 7 and 10%, respectively. There was no significant difference in each species of Caulobacter isolateed from the gradually polluted river waters, except that abnormally long filamentous cells were occasionally observed in C. crescentus isolated from the most polluted water. Each species showed various responces to chlorine. The resistances of C. crescentus isolates to chlorine were proportionally correlated with the level of water pollution. When they were compared to C. crescentus CB 13 which had been adapted to laboratory enviroment, the C. cresucentus isolated from the most polluted water was more resistant to chlorine.