• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.624-627
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• 2005

Ministry of Science & Technology (MOST) and Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) are preparing for the first Korean astronaut program based on the mid and long-term basic plan for space development of Korea from the year of 2003. KARI is making plans for the Korean astronaut's missions with Russia. To participate in the International Space Station (ISS) utilization through the Korean astronaut program, KARI investigates a lot of manned space missions. Among the suggested items, Earth observation on the Russian Module of ISS is the one expected mission for a Korean astronaut. This paper is intended to give readers a brief introduction of ISS Russian Module and research fields of Earth observation for astronaut's mission.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.243-248
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• 2002

The International Space Station (ISS) offers research opportunities for researchers in the field of remote sensing to conduct world-class activities in Low Earth Orbit. ISS provides the facilities to place and operate research experiments in a variety of fields, providing investigators opportunities to perform research and Earth observation. This paper is intended to give the reader an introduction to the ISS utilization and the capabilities for remote sensing research that are being implemented through the development of research facilities. We hope that reader will consider what kind of payloads could be developed to take advantage of facilities, and will consider proposing remote sensing research on the ISS.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.386-388
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• 2004

The International Space Station (ISS) offers research opportunities to researchers through crew's space mission in the field of remote sensing. ISS provides the facilities to place and operate experiment equipments in a variety of fields, especially, microgravity experiments and Earth observations. This paper is intended to give readers a brief introduction to the ISS utilization and the capabilities for remote sensing researches. We investigate what kind of crew missions and payloads should be developed for remote sensing researches on the ISS.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 2002

The International Space Station (ISS) is being jointly developed by the following 16 international partners: The United States, Russia, Japan, Canada, Brazil, and the 11 member states of the European Space Agency. Assembly of ISS is a large-scale international program which commenced in November 1998, and is expected to conclude in 2006. Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) is making effort to take part in the development of Payload Support & Interface Module (PSIM) for ISS. When success is achieved with ISS PSIM development project, Korea will have the rights to utilize external attached payload sites and research activities on ISS. Therefore preparation for the utilization of ISS EXPRESS pallet, JEM-EF, and Columbus-EPF need to be made. This paper shows the investigation results of the external attached payload sites for ISS and the application field of space and Earth science.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.361-374
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• 2022

For this study, we designed and produced mulberry low-fat ice cream supplemented with synbiotics (MLF-ISS). The sensory characteristics and physical, chemical, and microbiological qualities of MLF-ISS were then determined. Mulberry juice inoculated with or without probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum TISTR 926 and Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745) was also tested at 37℃ for 24 h to determine probiotic growth rate, pH, total anthocyanin content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity (AA). Only the TAC of mulberry juice inoculated with S. boulardii CNCM I-745 increased considerably (p < 0.05) among these parameters. MLF-ISS was produced with varied mulberry fruit concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, or 40%) (w/w). The MLF-ISS prepared with 30% mulberry fruit (w/w) (30-MLF-ISS) had a higher score in appearance, color, and sweetness (p < 0.05) when sensory qualities were measured using the 9-point hedonic scale method. In the CIE lab system (L^*, a^*, b^*), the color values of 30-MLF-ISS were 27.80 ± 0.26, 12.99 ± 0.59, and 1.43 ± 0.05, respectively. The 30-MLF-ISS was also subjected to a proximate analysis. The melting rate of 30-MLF-ISS was 0.29 ± 0.03 g/min and the time it took for the first drop to fall was 37.00 ± 7.00 min. TAC, TPC, and AA of 30-MLF-ISS were observed to alter significantly (p < 0.05) during varied intervals of storage at - 18℃ (0, 30, and 60 days). The viability of probiotics in 30-MLF-ISS slightly decreased after storage at -18℃ for 8 weeks, but remained about 6 log CFU/g. During storage at -18℃ for 0 and 120 days, no pathogenic bacteria were detected in 30-MLF-ISS. These findings show that 30-MLF-ISS has nutritional and functional value, is free of foodborne pathogenic bacteria, is safe for consumers' health, and is suitable for application in the ice cream and related food industries.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.5-13
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• 2009

The runoff-reducing facilities using infiltration was considered for the sustainable and sound water management. However, for practical utilization, many problems are attended and therefore effort on improvements are required. In this study, methods of improvement for infiltration facilities proposed by Infiltration-Storage System (ISS) and the effect of runoff reduction were analyzed by hydraulic experimental study. In order to analyze the infiltration characteristics of proposed runoff reduction facilities in this study, it was applied to various rainfall condition and surface material considering development and urbanization influences. As a results of hydraulic model experiment, Infiltration-Storage System (ISS) made addition to effect of reduction by lower layer of accumulative infiltration quantities. And then as rainfall-intensity was increased, accumulative infiltration rates were increased in this study. Thus, Infiltration-Storage system (ISS) was more efficient than existing runoff reduction facilities because of increasing infiltration rate. Such a result was guaranteed application of ISS as runoff-reducing facilities. Therefore, ISS is expected to be capable for practical application if subsequent research for improvements are followed. Additionally, results of this study are expected to provide fundamental research data on infiltration facilities.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.159-163
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• 2006

Purpose: The number of patients transported by the Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) has increased recently. In our review of the Korean HEMS, there was no established helicopter utilization criteria or triage tool on the scene, so many patients with minor injuries were transported to tertiary care centers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the percentage of patients with minor injuries and to propose a more appropriate triage tool for predicting the need for transport to a tertiary care center. Methods: The subjects of this study were 59 trauma patients transported to Asan Medical Center (AMC) from the scene by Seoul HEMS from January 2004 to December 2005. The Triage score (TS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), and modified Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (mCTAS) were calculated as severity scales. Patients with minor injuries were defined as those with TS=9, ISS${\leq}15$, and mCTAS${\geq}3$. We evaluated the association of TS, ISS, and mCTAS with the appropriateness of transport. Results: Many of the patients transported to tertiary medical centers were classified as having a minor injury: TS=9 group 35 cases (72.9%), ISS${\leq}15$ group 30 cases (62.5%) and mCTAS${\geq}3$ group 27 cases (56.2%). However, 56.2% (27/59) of the patients were appropriately transported according to need for admission or an operation. The more severely injured patients classified by TS, ISS, and mCTAS were more appropriately transported to a tertiary center (p<0.05). Conclusion: Many patients with minor injuries were transported to a tertiary center from the scene directly. The TS can be easily calculated by an emergency medical technician at the scene. Thus, we propose the TS as a useful triage tool for determining the necessity of transport to a tertiary center by helicopter.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.51-56
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• 2012

Many countries have interested in islands with their values in nature such as future sustainable resource and new expansion of marine territory. As territorial and cultural assets, these islands have been the source of our national competitiveness and, then, Korean government has initiated island management policy that provides a basis for the development and protection of islands. Consequently, spatial data and database for resource management have been required. In this sense, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the condition and status of various natural resources in Jeju islands. Jeju has 63 islands including 55 uninhabited islands. Then, an Island Information System(IIS) based on geographical information system(GIS) has been proposed. This ISS will provide not only a measure for effective resource management but also systematic services for releasing useful resource information.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.50
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• pp.313-346
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• 2018

It is noted that generally speaking, the expressing of actualization or non-actualization of events is not the main role of possibility for the utilization of expressions. In spite of this fact, it is possible to see many examples in which possibility expressions represent actual events, and impossibility expressions represent a type of non-actualization in relation to events. This effect can be described as a semantic extension, by which the participant-internal possibility is extended to actualization due to participant-internal factors, and the participant-external possibility is extended to the actualization due to participant-external factors. When the related possibility expressions are used in this extended sense, they express the dynamic evaluative meaning of 'desirability' of the realized event, while it is determined that when the impossibility expressions are used in this extended sense, they are seen to express the evaluative meaning of 'regretfulness' about the non-actualization of the event. In Modern Japanese, it is noted that there are a few expressions of ability and possibility. They can be largely divided into four types of expressions, according to their origins or uses of expression, which are 'ability verbs', affixes '-れる/られる(-reru/rareru)', '-できる(-dekiru)', and '-得る(-eru)'. They can all express participant-internal possibility and participant-external non-deontic possibility. While 'ability verbs', affixes '-れる/られる' and '-できる' can express participant-external deontic possibility, '-得る' cannot. However, '-得る' is the only possible element to designate the event of a epistemic possibility. Also, the four types of expressions have the usage of conveying 'actualization/non-actualization,' as is the case of the Korean language. However in Japanese, in fact adjectives cannot be associated with 'ability verbs' or 'ability affixes.' Thus the expressions of 'regrets' should in that case depend on the use contexts, unlike the expression 'adj+-지 못하다' as noted in Korean. The ability and possibility in Modern Chinese are mainly expressed by means of the four auxiliary verbs '能($n{\acute{e}}ng$)', '会(huì)', '可以(kěyǐ)' and '可能 ($k{\check{e}}n{\acute{e}}ng$)'. '能' and '会' along with '可以' can all convey participant-internal possibility. In this way '能' and '可以' can express participant-external possibility. Only '会' and '可能' can express epistemic possibility. As for 'actualization,' among the four auxiliary verbs, only '能' can represent actualization. Also, among the negatives of the four auxiliary verbs, only '沒能' can represent non-actualization.