• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 2001.03a
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 2001

오랜 기간동안 진행되는 사회간접자본 건설의 진행 상황을 관측하는 것은 대규모 공사의 종합적인 관리를 위해 필수불가결한 요소이다. 동북아 지역의 중추 공항 기능을 담당할 영종도 국제공항의 공사진행 과정을 관측하기 위하여 인공위성 영상 자료가 활용되었다. 바다위에 건설되는 공항의 특성으로 인하여 방조제 건설과 매립공사가 수행되었다. 활주로, 유도로, 여객터미널과 복합교통센터 등이 건설되었으며, 공항의 건설로 산림이 훼손되고 양식장과 염전이 매립되는 것이 관측되었다. 이러한 공항공사의 진척상태를 분석하기 위해서 시계열 Landsat TM 영상을 사용하였으며, 타 위성영상에서는 공항의 공사현황이 어느정도 분석가능한지를 가늠하기 위해서 KOMPSAT EOC, IRS-1C PAN, RADARSAT SAR 영상이 활용되었다. 시계열 Landsat TM 영상에서는 공항 부지의 매립 진척 현황과 산림의 벌채 등을 잘 분석할 수 있었다. KOMPSAT EOC 과 IRS-1C PAN 영상은 높은 공간해상력으로 건설에 사용된 가건물과 같은 세부적인 시설물을 관측할 수 있었다. 15m PAN 영상을 제공하는 Landsat ETM은 IHS 합성 후 분석하였는데, 기존의 TM 영상에서 분류하지 못했던 방조제의 도로와 성토를 구분할 수 있었다. RADARSAT SAR 영상에서는 광학영상에서 볼 수 없었던 독특한 정부 를 얻을 수 있었다.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.65.1-65.1
• /
• 2013

Our understanding of how brown dwarfs form is limited by observational evidence. We report identification of a L328-IRS as a proto-brown dwarf embedded in an isolated dense molecular core. This source exhibits typical properties of a protostar, however, its luminosity (~0.05 $L{\odot}$) is far below than expected from the least massive protostar by the standard star formation theory. The most likely mass accretion rate (~2.4 10-7 $M{\odot}$ yr-1) inferred from its small bipolar outflow is an order of magnitude less than the canonical value for a protostar. The mass available in its envelope is less than 0.1 $M{\odot}$. These points suggest that L328-IRS will accrete the mass of a brown dwarf, but not that of a star. L328 is found to be fairly well isolated from other nearby clouds and seems to be forming three sub-cores simultaneously through a gravitational fragmentation process. Altogether with these, our direct detection of inward motions in L328 which harbors this proto-brown dwarf clearly supports the idea that a brown dwarf forms like a normal star.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.189-211
• /
• 2005

This paper makes an effort to compare the recently evolved soft classification method based on Linear Spectral Mixture Modeling (LSMM) with the traditional hard classification methods based on Iterative Self-Organizing Data Analysis (ISODATA) and Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) algorithms in order to achieve appropriate results for mapping, monitoring and preserving valuable coastal wetland ecosystems of southern India using Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) 1C/1D LISS-III and Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper image data. ISODATA and MLC methods were attempted on these satellite image data to produce maps of 5, 10, 15 and 20 wetland classes for each of three contrast coastal wetland sites, Pitchavaram, Vedaranniyam and Rameswaram. The accuracy of the derived classes was assessed with the simplest descriptive statistic technique called overall accuracy and a discrete multivariate technique called KAPPA accuracy. ISODATA classification resulted in maps with poor accuracy compared to MLC classification that produced maps with improved accuracy. However, there was a systematic decrease in overall accuracy and KAPPA accuracy, when more number of classes was derived from IRS-1C/1D and Landsat-5 TM imagery by ISODATA and MLC. There were two principal factors for the decreased classification accuracy, namely spectral overlapping/confusion and inadequate spatial resolution of the sensors. Compared to the former, the limited instantaneous field of view (IFOV) of these sensors caused occurrence of number of mixture pixels (mixels) in the image and its effect on the classification process was a major problem to deriving accurate wetland cover types, in spite of the increasing spatial resolution of new generation Earth Observation Sensors (EOS). In order to improve the classification accuracy, a soft classification method based on Linear Spectral Mixture Modeling (LSMM) was described to calculate the spectral mixture and classify IRS-1C/1D LISS-III and Landsat-5 TM Imagery. This method considered number of reflectance end-members that form the scene spectra, followed by the determination of their nature and finally the decomposition of the spectra into their endmembers. To evaluate the LSMM areal estimates, resulted fractional end-members were compared with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), ground truth data, as well as those estimates derived from the traditional hard classifier (MLC). The findings revealed that NDVI values and vegetation fractions were positively correlated ($r^2$= 0.96, 0.95 and 0.92 for Rameswaram, Vedaranniyam and Pitchavaram respectively) and NDVI and soil fraction values were negatively correlated ($r^2$ =0.53, 0.39 and 0.13), indicating the reliability of the sub-pixel classification. Comparing with ground truth data, the precision of LSMM for deriving moisture fraction was 92% and 96% for soil fraction. The LSMM in general would seem well suited to locating small wetland habitats which occurred as sub-pixel inclusions, and to representing continuous gradations between different habitat types.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.289-297
• /
• 2006

The Land Cover/Land Use Map have been constructed from 1998, which has hierarchical structure according to land cover/land use system. Level 1 classification Map have done using Landsat satellite image over whole Korean peninsula. Level II classification Map have been digitized using IRS-1C, 1D, KOMPSAT and SPOT5 satellite images resolution-merged with low resolution color images. Level II Land Cover/Land Use Map construction by digitizing method, however, is consuming enormous expense for satellite image acquisition, image process and Land Cover/Land Use Map construction. In this paper, the possibility of constructing Level II Land Cover/Land Use Map using hyperspectral satellite image of EO-1 Hyperion, which is studied a lot recently, is studied. The comparison of classifications using Hyperion satellite image offering more spectral information and Landsat-7 ETM+ image is performed to evaluate the availability of Hyperion satellite image. Also, the algorithm of the optimal band selection is presented for effective application of hyperspectral satellite image.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2022.09a
• /
• pp.55-55
• /
• 2022

Corylopsis Siebold & Zucc. (Hamamelidaceae) is widely used for horticultural plant and comprise ca. 25 species in East Asia (1 species in Korea; 4 species in Japan; 20 species in China). Previous revisions have gone from 7 to more than 30 species, causing confusion in the nursery industry and public gardens. Due to morphological similarity within Corylopsis, molecular research is needed to distinguish it. In this study, the chloroplast genome of C. gotoana and C. pauciflora distributed in Japan was completed by using NGS (Next-Generation Sequencing) technique. The genome size of C. gotoana and C. pauciflora were 159,434 bp (large single-copy (LSC): 88,164 bp; small single-copy (SSC): 18,702 bp; inverted repeat regions (IRs): 26,284 bp) and 159,363 bp (LSC: 88,097 bp; SSC: 18,700 bp; IRs: 26,283 bp), respectively. In addition, we investigated the repeats, SNPs, and indels, and that could be used as DNA markers. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that C. pauciflora was sister to C. gotoana and C. spicata. The genus Corylopsis is a monophyletic group and Loropetalum is closely related to Corylopsis. The results of our study will provide the basic data necessary for the analysis of the species identification markers and genetic diversity within the genus Corylopsis in the future.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.619-628
• /
• 2023

In the modern era, chronic kidney failure due to diabetes has spread across the globe. Prunetin (PRU), a component of herbal medicines, has a broad variety of pharmacological activities; these may help to slow the onset of diabetic kidney disease. The anti-nephropathic effects of PRU have not yet been reported. The present study explored the potential nephroprotective actions of PRU in diabetic rats. For 28 days, nephropathic rats were given oral doses of PRU (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg). Body weight, blood urea, creatinine, total protein, lipid profile, liver marker enzymes, carbohydrate metabolic enzymes, C-reactive protein, antioxidants, lipid peroxidative indicators, and the expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT-2) mRNA genes were all examined. Histological examinations of the kidneys, liver, and pancreas were also performed. The oral treatment of PRU drastically lowered the blood glucose, HbA1c, blood urea, creatinine, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, lipid profile, and hexokinase. Meanwhile, the levels of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase, and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase were all elevated, but glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase dropped significantly. Inflammatory marker antioxidants and lipid peroxidative markers were also less persistent due to this administration. PRU upregulated the IRS-1 and GLUT-2 gene expression in the nephropathic group. The possible renoprotective properties of PRU were validated by histopathology of the liver, kidney, and pancreatic tissues. It is therefore proposed that PRU (80 mg/kg) has considerable renoprotective benefits in diabetic nephropathy in rats.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.56.1-56.1
• /
• 2016

A low-mass star-forming region, L1251B, is an excellent example of a small and nearby group of protostellar objects. L1251B has been mapped spectroscopically with the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) onboard the Spitzer Space Telescope. IRS has provided mid-IR emission lines (e.g., [Fe II], [Ne II], and ro-vibrational H2) and absorption features of CO2 and H2O ice in studying the physical state of the ionized gas and the material residing in the circumstellar environments. We will present the distribution of outflows and ice components in L1251B.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.67.4-68
• /
• 2015

We present a multi-wavelength observational study of a low-mass star-forming region, L1251-C, with observational results at wavelengths from the near-infrared to the millimeter. Spitzer Space Telescope observations confirmed that IRAS 22343+7501 is a small group of protostellar objects. The extended emission to east-west direction with its intensity peak at the center of L1251A has been detected at 350 and 850 mm with the CSO and JCMT telescopes, tracing dense envelope materials around L1251A. The single-dish data from the KVN and TRAO telescopes show inconsistencies between the intensity peaks of several molecular line emission and that of the continuum emission, suggesting complex distributions of molecular abundances around L1251A. The SMA interferometer data, however, show intensity peaks of CO 2-1 and $^{13}CO$ 2-1 located at the position of IRS 1, which is both the brightest source in IRAC image and the weakest source in the 1.3 mm dust continuum map. IRS 1 is the strongest candidate for being the driving source of a newly detected the compact CO 2-1 outflow. Over the whole region ($14^{\prime}{\times}14^{\prime}$) of L125l-C, 3 Class I and 16 Class II sources have been detected, including three YSOs in L1251A. A comparison with the average projected distance among 19 YSOs in L1251-C and that among 3 YSOs in L1251A suggests L1251-C is an example of low-mass cluster formation, where protostellar objects are forming in a small group.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.54-60
• /
• 2016

Amomum cadamomum Linne (ACL) has long been utilized against the inhibited qi movement related diseases such as dyspepsia, acute gastroenteritis, vomiting and diarrhea in Korean medicine. We speculated that ACL could improve the metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes through removing the phlegm-dampness and promoting the qi movement or stagnation. This study was designed to investigate effects and molecular mechanisms of ACL extract on the improvement of adipocyte dysfunction induced by TNF-α in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Potential roles of ACL extract in the lipogenesis, inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance, were investigated in this study. Also, we examined the adipose genes and signaling molecules related to insulin resistance and glucose uptake to elucidate its mechanism. Our data demonstrated that TNF-α significantly incresed the release of lipid droplets and the production of MCP-1 and IL-6 from adipocytes. In gene expression, TNF-α reduced the expression of aP2, PPARγ, C/EBPα, GLUT4, and IRS-1 related to lipogenesis and insulin sesitivity, while TNF-α increased the expression of MCP-1 related to inflammation. In addition, TNF-α down-regulated the PPARγ and IRS-1 protein and up-regulated the IRS-1 Ser307 phosphorylation. These alterations induced by TNF-α were prevented by the treatment of ACL extract. Thus, our results indicate that ACL extract can be used to prevent from the TNF-α-induced adipocyte dysfunction through insulin and PPARγ pathways.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.83.2-83.2
• /
• 2011

I present results from the Spitzer/IRS study to identify massive young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Galactic Center (GC). Our sample of 107 YSO candidates was selected based on Spitzer/IRAC colors in the central 300 pc region of the Milky Way Galaxy. We obtained IRS spectra over $5{\mu}m$ to $35{\mu}m$, and identified massive YSOs by the presence of a $15.4{\mu}m$ shoulder on the absorption profile of $15{\mu}m$ $CO_2$ ice, suggestive of high $CH_3OH$ abundance on $CO_2$ ice grains. This $15.4{\mu}m$ shoulder is clearly observed in 16 sources and possibly observed in an additional 19 sources. We further show that 9 massive YSOs reveal molecular gas-phase absorption from $CO_2$, $C_2H_2$, and/or HCN, which traces warm and dense gas in YSOs. Our results provide the first spectroscopic census of the massive YSO population in the GC.