• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.597-605
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• 2019

IPM bridge is an integral bridge that can be applied from span 30.0m up to 120.0m, the shape conditions of IPM bridge is also applicable to the rahmen bridge. In this study, to perform the structural analysis of Rahmen bridge and IPM Bridge, the researchers compared the distribution types such as load, moment, and displacement of those bridges. Structural analysis was carried out on four span models ranging from single span bridges to four spans of 120.0 m, based on span length of 30.0 m. Structural analysis was carried out on those bridge with span 30.0m up to 120.0m. The conclusions drawn from this study are as follows. 1) The bending moments were calculated to be large for the Rahmen bridge, and the horizontal displacements were estimated to be large for the IPM bridge. 2) Since the bending moments are derived by the span length rather than the extension of the bridge, the permissible bending moment for the span length should be considered in the design. 3) The pile bent of the IPM bridge did not exceed the plastic moment of the steel pipe pile at 120.0m span, but because the horizontal displacement in the shrinkage direction is close to 25mm, the design considerations are needed. 4) In the actual design, it is important to ensure stability against member forces, so review of the negative moment is most important.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.534-544
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• 2019

Because the pile-bent of IPM Bridge is projected from the soil surface, excessive displacement of abutment can be induced. According to design guide of IPM Bridge, the shape of the bridges used in this study was applied to the maximum applicable 120.0m span, 30-degree for skew angle, and 10.0m for the protruded pile-bent height. The maximum displacement by the maximum span application condition of the IPM Bridge was calculated using this bridge model, and the safety of a horizontal displacement of the IPM Bridge was investigated based on the allowable displacement presented by Bozozuk. The maximum horizontal displacement of the IPM Bridge was calculated to be larger in the winter shrinkage condition than in the summer expansion condition, the horizontal displacements were more affected by the length of a bridge than by the skew angle. And the vertical displacement was not affected by the skew angle and length. As the span increases, the horizontal displacement increases significantly, the horizontal displacement at 120.0m span length was found to exceed the allowable displacement proposed by Bozozuk. However, the moment generated in the pile-bent did not exceed the plastic moment.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.601-614
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• 2018

This study presents structural and parametric analyses on the behavior of an integrated and pile-bent abutment with mechanically stabilized earth wall (IPM) bridge. The IPM bridge is an integral abutment bridge (IAB) with partially protruded piles, which excludes earth pressure by means of a mechanically stabilized earth wall developed by the authors. The results of the analysis indicate that the IPM bridge, as any other IAB, is influenced to a large extent by temperature and time-dependent loads. When these loads are applied, the stress on a pile in the IPM bridge decreases as the displacement of the pile top increases, because the piles protrude from the ground surface and no soil reaction is generated on the protruded pile. Because the length of an IAB is restricted by the forces acting on its piles, the IPM bridge is an effective alternative to extend its length.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.11d
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• pp.232-234
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• 2002

Due to development of power electronics technology, power conversion system are tend to small size, easy to use and light weight. Especially motor control system have increased concerns and interests about IPM(Intelligent Power Module) inverter, which contains protection circuit, drive circuit and power devices. So, we manufactured 3-phase inverter using DIP-IPM(Dual in-line package IPM) PS21245- E(1.5 Kw) made by MITSUBISHI Electric. Some of these features include -HVIC to Provide level shifting and gate drive for high-side IGBTs. The interface circuit between pwm controller and DIP-IPM can made by direct connection. In order to validate dynamic performance of the proposed system, the actual experiment worked out at wide speed range. The developed system is shown as a good dynamic characteristics.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.671-675
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• 2005

In this paper, Development of propulsion system using IPM(Intelligent Power Module) for DC electric vehicle is proposed. Designed propulsion system is comprised of inverter stack which includes 6 IPM, BCH(Breaking Chopper) unit, FC(Filter Capacitor), Control unit. IPM can compose propulsion system simple by including gate drive circuit and protection circuit. Inverter stack is designed as a simple structure using IPM and non clamp capacitor. VVVF Inverter control is used the vector control strategy at low velocity region and slip frequency-control strategy at high velocity region. Designed propulsion system proves the performance through test and revenue service.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2023

This paper proposes an Extended and Adaptive Inverse Perspective Mapping (EA-IPM) model that can obtain an accurate bird's-eye view (BEV) from the forward-looking monocular camera on the sidewalk with various curves. While Inverse Perspective Mapping (IPM) is a good way to obtain ground information, conventional methods assume a fixed relationship between the camera and the ground. Due to the nature of the driving environment of the mobile robot, there are more walking environments with frequent motion changes than flat roads, which have a fatal effect on IPM results. Therefore, we have developed an extended IPM process to be applicable in IPM on sidewalks by adding a formula for complementary Y-derive processes and roll motions to the existing adaptive IPM model that is robust to pitch motions. To convince the performance of the proposed method, we evaluated our results on both synthetic and real road and sidewalk datasets.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.238-238
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• 1996

각종 동물 및 인체 신장 유래 DHP-I에 의한 DA-1131, imipenem(IPM) 및 meropenem(MEPM)의 속도 상수를 측정한 결과, DA-1131은 동물종에 관계없이 가장 안정성이 큰 결과를 나타내었고, 인체 DHP-I에 대한 Vmax/Km 값이 IPM의 21.9%로 관찰되어 IPM보다 하위 기질인 것으로 확인되었다. DA-1131, IPM/CS 및 MEPM/CS의 20mg/kg투여 후의 혈중농도 반감기(T$_{1}$2/)는 각각 11.4분, 8.9분, 10.3분이었으며, 1$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ 이상의 혈중농도룰 유지하는 시간은 66.6 분, 55.9 분, 63.1 분이었다. DA-1131, DA-l131/CS, IPM/CS, MEPM 및 MEPM/CS의 40 mg/kg 투여 후 24시간 동안의 뇨중 배설율은 57.9 %, 61.3%, 22.6 %, 11.3% 및 65.9%이었으며, 각 약물을 40 mg/kg 투여 15분 후 DA-ll3l의 폐중 농도는 11.2$\mu\textrm{g}$/g으로 DA-l131/CS, IPM/CS 및 MEPM/CS와 비슷한 결과를 나타내었으며 T/P ratio도 DA-1131, DA-l131/CS, IPM/CS 와 MEPM/CS 투여군에서 거의 동일한 것으로 확인되었다. 신장중 농도는 DA-1131 과 DA-l131/CS의 경우 29.l$\mu\textrm{g}$/g 및 34.2$\mu\textrm{g}$/g으로 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았으나, IPM/CS, MEPM 및 MEPM/CS 투여군에 비하여는 높은 결과로 나타났고 T/P ratio도 DA-1131과 DA-l131/CS 투여군이 IPM/CS, MEPM 및 MEPM/CS 투여군보다 놓은 것으로 확인되었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.294-304
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• 2013

To improve the integrated pest management (IPM) of hot pepper, field study was conducted in Hwasung from 2010 to 2012 and an IPM system was developed to help growers decide when to apply pesticides to control anthracnose, tobacco budworm, Phytophthora blight, bacterial wilt, and bacterial leaf spot. The three field treatments consisted of IPM sprays following the forecast model advisory, a periodic spray at 7-to-10-day intervals, and no spray (control). The number of annual pesticide applications for the IPM treatment ranged from six to eight, whereas the plots subjected to the periodic treatment received pesticide 11 or 12 times annually for three years. Compared to the former strategy, our improved IPM strategy features more intense pest management, with frequent spraying for anthracnose and mixed spraying for tobacco budworm or Phytophthora blight. The incidences for no pesticide control in 2010, 2011, and 2012 were 91, 97.6, and 41.4%, respectively. Conversely, the incidences for the IPM treatment for those years were 7.6, 62.6, and 2%, and the yields from IPM-treated plots were 48.6 kg, 12.1 kg, and 48.8 kg. The incidence and yield in the IPM-treated plots were almost the same as those of the periodic treatment except in 2011, in which no unnecessary sprays were given, meaning that the IPM control was quite successful. From reviewing eight years of field work, sophisticated forecasts that optimize pesticide spray timing reveal that reliance on pesticides can be reduced without compromising yield. Eco-friendly strategies can be implemented in the pest management of hot pepper.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

Now a day, owing to high efficiency and easy speed control of brushless DC(BLDC) motor, the demand of BLDC motor that has high power and low noises are increasing. Especially demand of interior permanent magnet(IPM) BLOC with high efficiency and high power in electric motion vehicle is increasing. IPM BLDC motor has permanent magnets in the rotor. Because it has two different flux paths, magnetic reluctance differences are generated in d-axis and q-axis. As the result of the inductance differences that are generated by the saliency(magnetic reluctance differences) in the rotor, the motor has structure advantage that has the additional reluctance torque except a magnet torque and because magnet is situated inside the rotor, the mechanical structure is strong. Therefore IPM BLDC motor makes possible to have high speed and high power. This paper presents a design and characteristics analysis of IPM BLDC motor for electric vehicle. To design IPM BLDC motor, surface mounted permanent magnet(SPM) BLDC motor is used as the initial design model. According to the shape-ratio() of permanent magnet, the characteristic of IPM BLDC motor is analyzed by Finite element method (FEM). Characteristics analysis results of the designed motor are compared with the experimental results.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2021

The concept of integrated pest management (IPM) first developed in the 1950s, and the concept of economic control via pest management was established in the 1960s. Research on IPM began in the United States and Europe, and IPM studies in Korea started with citrus insects and paddy field pests following the distribution of high-yield varieties of rice. Apple IPM in Korea began with research on pest control using chemical pesticides and pesticides resistant to insect pests, studies on the ecology of insect pests and their natural enemies, and the exploitation of sex pheromones on insect pests. Since the 1990s, IPM research and field projects have been carried out simultaneously for farming households. In the 2000s, the development of pest monitoring and forecasting models centered on mating disturbances, database programs for pests, and networks for sharing information. IPM technology has expanded via the development of unmanned forecasting systems and automation technologies in the 2010s.