• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.14 no.1 s.22
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• pp.13-21
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• 1975

Experiments were conducted to select the new varieties and or/lines of rice resistant to the green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler, and to evaluate the nature of their resistance to the insects in connection with the antibiosis and feeding and ovipositional preferences. The materials tested in this study were the varieties and or/lines of rice mostly proposed by the International Insect Resistance Nursery of IRRI and some others also orginiated from IRRI. Out of the 48 varieties and or/lines the 9 were selected as resistant and the 11 as mderately resistant. They have high antibiosis to the insects, showing significantly higher nymphal mortality and less adult emergence in the resistant and moderately resistant ones than the susceptible and moderately susceptible varieties Jinheung and Tong-il. Feeding perference was significantly different between the resistant and susceptible rice plants, resulting in much lower on resistant ones and much higher on susceptible ones. Ovipositional preference, however, was not different at all between the resistant and the susceptible ones. The nature of varietal resistance of rice to the green rice leafhopper seemed to be surely associated with the antibiosis and non-feeding preference.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2005

심바스타틴은 cholesterol 생합성 과정에서 속도 조절 효소인 HMG-CoA reductase의 강력한 상경적 길항약으로서 고지혈증 치료에 널리 쓰이는 약물이다. 심바스타틴 제제인 MSD 사의 조코 20 mg정을 대조약으로 하여 시험약인 유영 제약의 엘바스타 20mg정의 생물학적 동등성 평가를 하기 위해 22명의 건강한 지원자를 모집하였다. 지원자를 두 군으로 나누어 2정씩 투여하였고 $2{\times}2$ 교차시험을 실시하였다. 심바스타틴의 혈장 중의 농도를 정량하기 위하여 발리데이션된 LC/MS/MS를 사용하였다. 채혈 시간은 투약 전 및 투약 후 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 시간에 걸쳐 총 12시점에 걸쳐 시행하였다. 생물학적 동등성을 판정하기 위한 파라미터로 12시간까지의 혈장 중 농도곡선 하 면적 ($AUC_{12hr}$)과 최고 혈중 농도($C_{max}$)를 사용하였다. 12시간 까지의 혈중 농도 곡선 하 면적의 기하 평균은 $17.30ng{\cdot}ml/hr$(시험약)과 $17.35ng{\cdot}ml/hr$(대조약)으로 나타났다. 최고 혈중 농도의 경우 각 각 5.08 ng/ml(시험약)과 5.20 ng/ml(대조약)으로 관찰 되었다. $AUC_{12hr}$의 경우 로그변환한 평균치 차의 $90{\%}$ 신뢰구간이 log0.8510 - log1.1694이었고, $C_{max}$의 경우 log0.8176 - log1.1649로 계산되어 두 항목 모두 log0.8-log1.25이어야 한다는 식품의약품 안전청과 FDA의 기준을 모두 만족시켰다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 시험약 엘바스타 정 20mg은 대조약 조코정 20 mg에 대하여 생물학적 동등한 것으로 판정되었다.트리머 전기비저항 탐사를 수행하였다. 이를 통해 하저에 케이블을 설치하는 방식에 비해 매우 신속하고 경제적으로 하저에 분포하는 이상대의 분포범위와 발달방향을 규명할 수 있었다.대에 대해 가장 효과적이다. 모델과 현장 적용 결과들을 통해 GRM SSM 방법을 이용하여 불규칙한 굴절면을 가진 지층들에 대해 좀 더 신뢰할 수 있는 정밀한 탄성파 속도를 산출할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.별한 주의를 기울여야 한다.EX>$\alpha/\beta$=10인 경우 $62.0\~121.9\;Gy_{10}$ (중앙값: $93.0\;Gy_{10}$)의 분포를, ${\alpha/\beta}=3$인 경우 $93.6\~187.3\;Gy_3$ (중앙값=$137.6\;Gy_3$ )의 분포를 보였다. MD-BED $Gy_3$는 직장합병증 발생과의 관계는 통계적으로 유의하였고, 방광합병증과는 유의하지 않았다. 직장합병증과의 연관성은 MD-BED $Gy_3$보다 개별 환자의 직장전벽 총 선량 BED값인 R-BED $Gy_3$가 훨씬 더 높았다. 요도카테터 풍선의 후방지점이 대변하는 방광의 총 선량 BED값인 V-BED $Gy_3$도 방광합병증과 경향성 테스트에서 통계적 유의성을 보였다. 하지만, 어떠한 방사선선량도 골반제어율과 의미 있는 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 본 기관에서 주치의의 선호도에 따라 강내근접치료가 외부방사선치료의 중간에 시행되는 형태인 샌드위치기법과 외부방사선치료 후반부에 시행되는 순차적 기법으로 구분하였을 때, 두 방식간 치료성적 및 합병증의 차이는 없었다. 총 치료기간에 대한 분석에서는 치료기간이 길어질수록 재발 위험이 커지는 경향을 보였으나, 나이 및 병기, 종양의 크기, MD-BED $Gy_{10}$

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.167-176
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• 2020

The objective of the present study was to determine the best model to describe and quantify the changes in live body weight, height at withers, height at rump, body length and chest girth of Holstein cows raised under Korean feeding conditions for 50 months. The five standard growth models namely polynomial linear regression models, regression of growth variables on the first and second-order of ages in days (model 1) and regression of growth variables on age covariates from first to the third-order (model 2) as well as non-linear models were fitted and evaluated for representing growth pattern of Holstein cows raised in Korean feeding circumstances. Nonlinear models fitted were three exponential growth curve models; Brody, Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy functional models. For this purpose, a total of 22 Holstein cows raised in Korea used in the period from April 2016 to May 2020. Each model fitted to monthly growth curve records of dairy cows by using PROC NLIN procedure in SAS program. On the basis of the results, nonlinear models showed the lower root mean square of error (RMSE) for live body weight, height at withers, height at rump, body length and chest girth (12.22, 1.95, 1.55, 4.04, 2.06) with higher correlation coefficiency (R²) values for live body weight, height at withers, height at rump, body length and chest girth (0.99, 0.99, 0.99, 1.00, 1.00). Overall, the evaluation of the different growth models indicated that the Gompertz model used in the study seemed to be the most appropriate one for standard growth of Holstein cows raised under Korean feeding system.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.161-170
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• 2001

We conducted both the small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and mitochondrial (mt) DNA RFLP analyses for a genetic characterization of Acanthamoeba isolates from contact lens storage cases of students in Seoul, Korea. Twenty-three strains of Acanthamoeba from the American Type Culture Collection and twelve clinical isolates from Korean patients were used as reference strains. Thirty-nine isolates from contact lens storage cases were classified into seven types (KA/LS1 , KA/LS2, KA/LS4, KA/LS5, KA/LS7 KA/LS18, KA/LS31). Four types (KA/LS1 , KA/LS2, KA/LS5, KA/LS18) including 33 isolates were regarded as A. castellanii complex by riboprints. KA/LS1 type was the most predominant (51.3%) in the present survey area, followed by KA/LS2 (20.9%), and KA/LSS (7.7%) types. Amoebae of KA/LS1 type had the same mtDNA RFLP and riboprint patterns as KA/E2 and KA/E12 strains, clinical isolates from Korean keratitis patients. Amoebae of KA/LS2 type had the identical mtDNA RFLP patterns with A. castellanii Ma strain, a corneal isolate from an American patient as amoebae of KA/LS5 type, with KA/E3 and KA/E8 strains from other Korean keratitis patients. Amoebae of KA/LS 18 type had identical patterns with JAC/E1, an ocular isolate from a Japanese patient. Three types , which remain unidentified at species level, were not corresponded with any clinical isolate in their mtDNA RFLP and riboprint patterns. Out of 39 isolates analyzed in this study, mtDNA RFLP and riboprint patterns of 33 isolates (84.6%) were identical to already known clinical isolates, and therefore, they may be regarded as potentially keratopathogenic. These results suggest that contact lens wearers in Seoul should pay more attention to hygienic maintenance of contact lens storage cases for the prevention of Acanthamoeba keratitis.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.208-215
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• 2005

This study was accomplished in order to collect fundamental data on microbial roles in recycling process of reed rhizosphere. Sunchon bay, which is considered as one of the marsh and mud environments severely affected by human activities such agriculture and fisheries, was selected as a model place. In our initial efforts, two bacterial consortia were obtained by enrichment culture using PAH mixtures containing anthracene, naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene as the sources of carbon and energy, and four pure bacteria capable of rapid degradation of PAH were isolated from them. Four strains designated as SCB1, SCB2, SCB6, and SCB7 revealed by morphological, physiological and molecular analyses were identified as Burkholderia anthina, Alcaligenes sp., Achromobacter xylosoxidans., and Pseudomonas putida, respectively with over $99{\%}$ confidence. Notably, Burkholderia anthina SCB1 and Alcaligenes sp. SCB2 were found to utilize anthracene and pyrene more quickly than naphthalene and phenanthrene, whereas Achromobacter xylosoxidans SCB6 and Pseudomonas putida SCB7 exhibited similar growth and degradation patterns except for pyrene. These facts suggest that the rhizosphere microorganisms capable of PAH degradation might be used to clean up the contamination sites with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.12 no.3 s.18
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• pp.101-115
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to introduce the differential standard of the types of Angelicae Pubescentis Radix. We established the classificatory standard according to the external and internal morphology and the physicochemistrical pattern for the four types of Aucklandiae Radix. The results follow: 1. At the external shape, Angelica pubescens f. biserrata has rising lenticel and dark brown surface, Its section is light gray and its xylem is yellow gray. Aralia continentalis has big stem mark in upper portion, its section has no dense tissue with yellow gray. Heracleum hemsleyanum has dark brown surface and little lenticel, its cortical layer is white yellow and xylem is isabella and powdered. 2. At the internal shape, Angelica pubescens f. biserrata has phloem with half of the root and rare vessel. Aralia continentalis has phloem with two-thirds of the root and it has broad cutting and putting vessel that formed 1-2 row. Heracleum hemsleyanum also has phloem with half of the root and wide scattered latex tube and many large vessel. 3. At the TLC pattern, Heracleum hemsleyanum has remarkable dark spot at $R_{f}$ 0.23 on the sulphuric acid color pattern test, but others have faint. 4. At the HPLC pattern, all samples have generally patterns. But Angelica pubescens f. biserrata shows diminutive continentalic acid content and the peak at Rt 20.278min comes out on Heracleum hemsleyanum, but do not come out on Aralia continentalis and Angelica pubescens f. biserrata. Heracleum hemsleyanum has remarkable peak at Rt 20.278min, but shows no peak at Rt 29.023min unlike Aralia continentalis or Angelica pubescens f. biserrata. Also Aralia continentalis and Angelica pubescens f. biserrata show one remarkable peak at Rt 29.023, but Heracleum hemsleyanum do not show. Consequently, Aralia continentalis and Angelica pubescens f. biserrata are comparable whit continentalic acid content and Heracleum hemsleyanum is comparable with the peak at Rt 20.273 and Rt 29.023. So it is thought that content of continentalic acid and the peaks at Rt 20.278 and Rt 29.023 can apply to differentiate a species from other. It is considered the results of this study will be furnished the basis to succeeding studies and it is needed to extensive comparative study for the same genus-degree of relatedness.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2013

The primary goal of this study was to ascertain the primary factors to the affect for the carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and other risks can possibly influence the carotid artery IMT. All patients data (total specimens: 289, male: 197, female: 92) including the carotid artery ultrasonography examination. The all data were analyzed by the use of SPSS software, version 21.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL USA), with the descriptive statistics method. The Results of this study was found to be highly increased in the males than the females. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in all of the participants was 30.5 percentages. The carotid artery IMT in the subjects with metabolic syndrome was significantly high in both genders, compared to the rest, who were without metabolic syndrome. The Pearson's correlation coefficient of metabolic syndrome and CIMT was 0.378(p<0.01). In conclusions, the present study also supports the association between the carotid artery IMT and the metabolic syndromes with cardiovascular risk factors. Usage of B-mode ultrasonography to measure the carotid artery IMT was found to be highly effective in the current analysis.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.147-160
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• 2007

Four strains of water mold, ChS-E0511, RaT-E0511, RaT-A0512 and MaS-F0512, were isolated from salmonid fish and/or their eggs taken from culture farms in Yangyang, Milyang and Pyeongchang, Korea in 2005. Descriptions of their morphological aspects, the results of the phylogenetic analysis conducted, and the sequence of the small sub-unit 18S rRNAs of the isolates confirmed that they all belong to the species Saprolegnia parasitica. Only one species, ChS-E0511, which was isolated from fertilized eggs of the chum salmon, was classified as part of the S. parasiticaGroup 1 according to its oogonia and gemmae production. The chemotherapeutic effects of various chemicals on the ChS-E0511 strain were assessed from the inhibitory effects of growth in GY media and the relative ratio of eyed eggs to fertilized eggs of the rainbow trout. Malchite green, a prohibited substance in food animals, was better than others, such as the Opuntia ficus-indicaextract, 2-bronopol, and sodium chloride. These results suggest that the fungi isolated from salmonids and/or their eggs identified as S. parasitica were composed of more than two groups. These isolates will be useful in an intensive evaluation of therapeutic agents.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.14-18
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• 2010

Objectives : We evaluated the use of FDG PET/CT for the identification of cervical nodal metastases of SCC of the oral cavity and oropharynx with histological correlation. Material and Methods : We reviewed 46 medical records, from January 2004 to July 2007, of patients who underwent FDG PET/CT and CT/MRI for SCC of the oral cavity and oropharynx before surgery. We recorded the lymph node metastases according to the neck level affected and the system used for the imaging-based nodal classification. Results : The FDG PET/CT had a sensitivity of 75.6% and a specificity of 96.7% ; it had a higher sensitivity than the CT/MRI for identification of cervical metastases on the side of the neck(26/28 vs. 20/28, p=0.031) and at each of the cervical levels(34/45 vs. 26/45, p=0.008). There was a significant difference in the $SUV_{max}$ between the benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes($3.31{\pm}3.23$ vs. $4.22{\pm}2.57$, p=0.028). The receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for differentiating the benign from the malignant cervical lymph nodes, showed that the area under the curve(AUC) of the FDG PET/CT was 0.775. The cut-off value for the $SUV_{max}$ was 2.23 based on the ROC curve. There was a significant correlation between the $SUV_{max}$ and the size of the cervical lymph nodes(Spearman r=0.353, p=0.048). Conclusion : FDG PET/CT images were more accurate than the CT/MRI images. In addition, the $SUV_{max}$ cut-off values were important for evaluating cervical the cervical nodes in the patients with SCC of the oral cavity and oropharynx.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.370-379
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• 2018

The Korean government announced plans for the International Science Business Belt as a spatial area for promoting the linkage between scientific knowledge and commercialization in 2009. R&D and entrepreneurial activities are essential for the success of the International Science Business Belt. In particular, prioritizing the types of businesses is critical at the cluster establishment stage in that this largely affects the features and development of clusters comprising the International Science Business Belt. This research aims to predict the entry and growth of firms that specialize in four industrial clusters, including Big Science Cluster, Frontier Cluster, ICT Cluster, and Bio-Healthcare Cluster. For this purpose, we employ the Swann & Prevezer's industrial clustering model to identify sectors that affect the establishment and growth of industrial clusters in the International Science Business Belt, focusing on ICT, Bio-Healthcare and Frontier clusters. Data was collected from the 2014 Korean Innovation Survey (KIS) and University Alimi for the ICT cluster, 2014 National Bio Industry Survey and University Alimi for the Bio-Healthcare Cluster, and the 2015 National Nano Convergent Industry Survey and Annual Report of Nano Technology for the Frontier cluster. Empirical results show that the ICT service sector, bio process/equipment sector, and Nano electronic sector promote clustering in other sectors. Based on the analysis results, we discuss several policy implications and strategies that can attract relevant firms for the development of industrial clusters.