• Molecules and Cells
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.869-883
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• 2019

Interleukin (IL)-15 is an essential immune-modulator with high potential for use in cancer treatment. Natural IL-15 has a low biological potency because of its short half-life and difficulties in mass-production. IL-15Rα, a member of the IL-15 receptor complex, is famous for its high affinity to IL-15 and its ability to lengthen the half-life of IL-15. We have double-transfected IL-15 and its truncated receptor IL-15Rα into CT26 colon cancer cells to target them for intracellular assembly. The secreted IL-15:IL-15Rα complexes were confirmed in ELISA and Co-IP experiments. IL-15:IL-15Rα secreting clones showed a higher anti-tumor effect than IL-15 secreting clones. Furthermore, we also evaluated the vaccine and therapeutic efficacy of the whole cancer-cell vaccine using mitomycin C (MMC)-treated IL-15:IL-15Rα secreting CT26 clones. Three sets of experiments were evaluated; (1) therapeutics, (2) vaccination, and (3) long-term protection. Wild-type CT26-bearing mice treated with a single dose of MMC-inactivated secreted IL-15:IL-15Rα clones prolonged survival compared to the control group. Survival of MMC-inactivated IL-15:IL-15Rα clone-vaccinated mice (without any further adjuvant) exceeded up to 100%. This protection effect even lasted for at least three months after the immunization. Secreted IL-15:IL-15Rα clones challenging trigger anti-tumor response via CD4⁺ T, CD8⁺ T, and natural killer (NK) cell-dependent cytotoxicity. Our result suggested that cell-based vaccine secreting IL-15:IL-15Rα, may offer the new tools for immunotherapy to treat cancer.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2001

Background: Nitric oxide (NO), a cytotoxic molecule is produced in various tissues including tumor cells during interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy . Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells are induced during IL-2 therapy, and have cytotoxic activity against tumor cells. The current study investigated the effects of NO synthesized in target cells or exposure of target cells to NO on the sensitivity of target cells to LAK cell cytotoxicity. Methods: Cytotoxicity was measured using 4 h chromium release assays. LAK cells which were induced by a 4 day incubation of BALB/c mouse splenocytes with IL-2 (6,000 IU/mL) were employed as effector cells. RD-995 skin tumor cells originated from a C3H/HeN mouse were employed as target cells. NO synthesis in target cells was induced by a 24 h incubation of RD-995 cells with $IFN{\gamma}$ (25 U/mL), TNF (50 U/mL) and IL-1 (20 U/mL). S-nitrosyl acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), an NO donor, was used to expose target cells to NO. $N^G$-monomethyl-L-arginine (MLA) and carboxy-PTIO were added during cytotoxicity assays to inhibit NO synthesis, and to scavenge NO produced by target cells, respectively. Results: Sensitivity of NO-producing RD-995 cells to LAK cell cytotoxicity was decreased by addition of MLA and carboxy-PTIO during cytotoxicity assays. However, the two reagents had no effect on the sensitivity of non-NO-producing RD-995 cells. Pretreatment of RD-995 target cells with SNAP increased the sensitivity in comparison with untreated cells. Conclusions: Sensitivity of target cells to LAK cell cytotoxicity is increased by target cell NO synthesis or exposure to NO. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether these in vitro results have relevance to in vivo phenomena.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.126-130
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• 2008

대퇴골두 무혈성괴사는 혈류장애로 인해 대퇴골두의 골세포 괴사가 나타나는 것으로 여러 원인 중 방사선치료도 하나의 원인으로 알려져 있으나 발병률에 대해서는 보고된 바 없는 상태이다. 저자들은 삼성서울병원에서 전골반 방사선치료를 받은 자궁암환자 577명 중 2명의 환자에서 대퇴골두 무혈성괴사를 경험하였다. 2예 모두 전형적인 방사선학적 소견을 보였다. 골반 방사선치료 후 발생하는 대퇴골두 무혈성괴사는 매우 드물게 나타나지만 방사선 조사 범위에 국한된 특징적인 영상의학적 소견을 보이므로 진단에 유념해야 하겠다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2011

Ultrasonography (US) is a recent technique that has proven to be useful for assessing muscle thickness and guiding the rehabilitation decision-making of clinicians and researchers. The purpose of this study was to determine the inter-rater reliability of the US measurement of transversus abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), and external oblique (EO) thicknesses for different probe locations and measurement techniques. Twenty healthy volunteers were recruited in this study. Muscle thicknesses of the transversus TrA, IO, and EO were measured three times in the hook-lying position. The three different probe locations were as follows: 1) Probe location 1 (PL1) was below the rib cage in direct vertical alignment with the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS). 2) Probe location 2 (PL2) was halfway between the ASIS and the ribcage along the mid-axillary line. 3) Probe location 3 (PL3) was halfway between the iliac crest and the inferior angle of the rib cage, with adjustment to ensure the medial edge of the TrA. The two different techniques of thickness measurement from the captured images were as follows: 1) Muscle thickness was measured in the middle of the muscle belly, which was centered within the captured image (technique A; TA). 2) Muscle thickness was measured along a horizontal reference line located 2 cm apart from the medial edge of the TrA in the captured image (technique B; TB). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC [3,k]) was used to calculate the inter-rater reliability of the thickness measurement of TrA, IO and EO using the values from both the first and second examiner. In all three muscles, moderate to excellent reliability was found for all conditions (probe locations and measurement techniques) (ICC=.70~.97). In the PL1-TA condition, inter-rater reliability in the three muscle thicknesses was good to excellent (ICC=.85~.96). The reliability of all measurement conditions was excellent in IO (ICC=.95~.97). Therefore, the findings of this study suggest that TA can be applied to PL1 by clinicians and researchers in order to measure the thickness of abdominal muscles.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2006

Purpose : Endometriosis is characterized by the ectopic growth of uterine tissue in various extrauterine locations. This study examined the macroscopic, hormonal and immunological effects of Ouhyul Herbal Acupuncture(OHA) therapy on rats with experimentally induced endometriosis. Methods : Endometrial tissue was implanted in the serosal wall of the small intestine in rats. The rats were divided randomly into an experimental group and control group. The experimental group was treated with OHA on Kwanwon(CV4) three times per week and the control group was administrated normal saline every day. After 6 weeks, the size of the ectopic uterine tissue was estimated and the serum progesterone, estradiol and cytokines($TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-l0) concentrations were analyzed. Results : The size of the ectopic uterine tissue in the experimantal group was slightly smaller than that in the control group. The estradiol, IL-4 and IL-6 concentrations were significantly lower and the IL-l0 concentration was significantly higher in the serum of the experimental group than in the control group. There was no significant difference in the concentrations of the other cytokines. Conclusion : These results suggest that OHA might be an effective method for treating dometriosis.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.208-234
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• 2003

This study aims to investigate the effect of Neuromuscular Re-education Program and Traditional Intervention Program and is focusing on the difference between changes of experimental before and after on 30 stroke patient's body composition, blood lipid levels, physical motor function. The obtained results are as follows; 1. Change in body composition 1) The change due to the Neuromuscular Re-education Program and Traditional Intervention Program before and after, the Fat Mass and Soft Lean Mass were changed but not significantly. 2) In the comparison of change according to duration, Significant differences were not shown in Fat Mass and Soft Lean Masss between The experimental group and control group. 2. Change in blood lipid levels 1) The change due to the Neuromuscular Re-education Program and Traditional intervention Program before and after, the Cholesterol, Glucose and TG were changed but not significantly. 2) In the comparison of change according to duration, Significant differences were not shown in the Cholesterol, Glucose and TG between the Experimental group and Control group. 3. Change in physical motor function 1) The change due to Neuromuscular Reeducation Program before and after. The physical motor function was significantly changed(p<0.01; p<0.05). but Traditional Intervention Program was changed but not significantly. 2) In the comparison of change according to duration, Signicant differences between the Experimental group and Control group was significantly changed in only the Neuromuscular Reeducation Program(p<0.05). In conclusion, The Neuromuscular Reeducation Program were not changed significantly but it can be said that the Neuromuscular Reeducation Program was more suitable for intervention to improve physical motor function of stroke patients than Traditional Intervention Program. Therefore if further studies increase the experimental duration of Reeducation Program and make the patient's reeducation continuously for improvement of physical motor function in stroke patient are needed.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.380-383
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• 2004

Two dogs with hindlimb paralysis were referred to the Teaching Animal Hospital of Chonbuk National University. We performed an acupuncture in two cases. Case No.1 was a 5-year-old, 3kg intact mixed breed female dog presented with hindlimb paralysis during last 3 days. Physical examinations, CBC, serum chemistry, urinalysis and radiography carried out. The diagnosis was the thoracolumbar disk disease of Tl2-Tl3 on the basis of above these tests. Acupoints selected were Lumbosacral point, GV-5(Xuan Shu), GV-20(Bai Hui), GB-30(Huan Tiao), GB-31(Feng Shi), ST-36(Zu San Li) and GB-34(Yang Ling Quan). we performed an acupuncture therapy five times at 2 days intervals for 15 minutes each time. Case No.2 was 7-year-old, 6.0kg, mixed breed male dog which was presented with the history of hindlimb paralysis since 2 months. The medical history of the patient revealed that the condition did not respond to medicinal therapy. The diagnosis was the thoracolumbar disk disease of Tl3-Ll and left patellar luxation (one or two grade). We decided to perform acupuncture in this case also and the Lumbosacral point, GV-5(Xuan Shu), GV­6(Ji Zhong), GV-7(Zhong She), GB-30(Huan Tiao), GB-31(Feng Shi), ST-36(Zu San Li), GB-34(Yang Ling Quan) were used. We performed acupuncture therapy at day 3, 6, 8 and 10 for 15 minutes each time. The response to an acupuncture therapy in two patients was good and the patients were almost recovered from hindlimb paralysis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.89-92
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• 2015

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving multiple joints. The cervical spine is often affected, and cases involving atlantoaxial joint can lead to instability. Anterior atlantoaxial subluxation in RA patients can lead to posterior neck pain or occipital headache because of compression of the C2 ganglion or nerve. Here, we report the successful treatment of a RA patient with occipital radiating headache using pulsed radiofrequency therapy at the C2 dorsal root ganglion.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.167-171
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• 1984

The renewed interest in the use of hyperthermia in cancer therapy is based on radiobiological and clinical evidence indicating that there may be significant thereapeutic advantages with the use of hyperthermia alone or combined with irradiation plus heat. Authors performed the experiment using the chemically induced mammary carcinoma of rats to observe the difference in temperature changes between tumor and normal tissue during heat, and to compare the response of the tumors to radiation alone and to radiation plus hyperthermia. The results were as follows 1. Temperature of tumors was significantly higher than in the normal tissue during heating and the difference was about $1.5^{\circ}C$. 2. $TCD_{50}$ in radiation alone and hyperthermia immediately following radiation was 1,282 rad and 795 rad, respectively and TER value was 1.81.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.159-171
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• 2009

Objectives This study was evaluated the effects of CSE the regulatory mechanism of NO and cytokines in the LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. Methods The Coicis Semen MeOH extract dissolved in EMEM for 1 hour prior to the addition of LPS(1${mu}g/ml$). The cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and Nitric Oxide production was monitored by measuring the nitrite content in culture medium. The levels of cytokine and PGE2 were analyzed by sandwich immunoassays. Results CSE inhibited the production of NO (0.03 and 0.1 mg/ml), $TNF-{\alpha}$ (0.03 and 0.1 mg/ml), $IL-1{\beta}$ (0.03 and 0.1 mg/ml), IL-6 (0.03, 0.1 mg/ml) and PGE2(0.03 and 0.1 mg/ml) in Raw 264.7 cells activated with LPS(lipopolysaccharide). Conclusion According to the results above, Coicis Semen can produce anti-inflammatory effect, which may play a role in adjunctive therapy in Gram-negative bacterial infections.