• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.84-92
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• 2019

Purpose: The objective of this study was conducted to investigate the effects of rutin, buckwheat components on cell growth and anti-inflammation in adipocyte 3T3-L1 and human colon cancer cell SW-480. Methods: We cultured 3T3-L1 adipocyte and SW-480 colon cancer cell to confluence, at which time starvation was induced with SFM for 1 day. Cells were then cultured in medium containing 0, 25, 50, or $100{\mu}mol/mL$ of rutin 3T3-L1 or 0, 10, 20, or $40{\mu}mol/mL$ SW-480. Cell viability was measured using a cell viability kit. In addition, we examined the expression of mRNA related to inflammation. RT-PCR was used to quantity tumor necrosis factor ($TNF-{\alpha}$), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ ($IL-1{\beta}$), IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA levels. Results: Rutin significantly inhibited 3T3-L1 and SW-480 cell proliferation in a dose and time dependent manner. Rutin also significantly reduced the mRNA expression of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ at the highest dose. In addition, rutin treatment caused a significant reduction in COX-2 and iNOS mRNA levels compared to the control group. Conclusion: Overall, our results suggest that rutin has the potential to reduce inflammation, and that these effects are greater during tissue-damaging inflammatory conditions.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.303-312
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• 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory pruritic skin disease worldwide, characterized by the infiltration of multiple pathogenic T lymphocytes and histological symptoms such as epidermal and dermal thickening. This study aims to investigate the effect of vinpocetine (Vinp; a phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitor) on a 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD-like model. DNCB (1%) was administered on day 1 in the AD model. Subsequently, from day 14 onward, mice in each group (Vinp-treated groups: 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg and dexamethasone-treated group: 2 mg/kg) were administered 100 µl of a specific drug daily, whereas 0.2% DNCB was administered every other day for 30 min over 14 days. The Vinp-treated groups showed improved Eczema Area and Severity Index scores and trans-epidermal water loss, indicating the efficacy of Vinp in improving AD and enhancing skin barrier function. Histological analysis further confirmed the reduction in hyperplasia of the epidermis and the infiltration of inflammatory cells, including macrophages, eosinophils, and mast cells, with Vinp treatment. Moreover, Vinp reduced serum concentrations of IgE, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-13, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1. The mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, Thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) were reduced by Vinp treatment. Reduction of TGF-β protein by Vinp in skin tissue was also observed. Collectively, our results underscore the effectiveness of Vinp in mitigating DNCB-induced AD by modulating the expression of various biomarkers. Consequently, Vinp is a promising therapeutic candidate for treating AD.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.723-731
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• 2008

Immunomodulatory feed additives might offer alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters in pig production. This experiment was designed to determine the effects of dietary galacto-mannan-oligosaccharide (GMOS) and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) supplementation on the immune response in early-weaned piglets. Forty 15-day-old piglets (Duroc$\times$Landrace$\times$Yorkshire) with an average live body weight of $5.6{\pm}0.51kg$ were weaned and randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups that were fed maize-soybean meal diets containing either basal, 110 mg/kg of lincomycin, 250 mg/kg of COS or 0.2% GMOS, respectively, over a 2-week period. Another six piglets of the same age were sacrificed on the same day at the beginning of the study for sampling, in order to obtain baseline values. Interleukin (IL)-1${\beta}$gene expression in peripheral blood monocytes, jejunal mucosa and lymph nodes, as well as serum levels of IL-1${\beta}$ IL-2 and IL-6, IgA, IgG, and IgM, were evaluated for 5 pigs from each group at 15 and 28 days of age. The results indicate that weaning stress resulted in decreases in serum antibody and cytokine levels. Dietary supplementation with GMOS or COS enhanced (p<0.05) IL-1${\beta}$gene expression in jejunal mucosa and lymph nodes, as well as serum levels of IL-1${\beta}$ IL-2, IL-6, IgA, IgG and IgM compared to supplementation with lincomycin. These findings suggest that GMOS or COS may enhance the cell-mediated immune response in early-weaned piglets by modulating the production of cytokines and antibodies, which shows that GMOS or COS have different effects than the antibiotic on animal growth and health.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1129-1133
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• 2004

The effects of Pluronic F-68, a non-ionic surfactant, on the growth and physical characteristics of Digitalis lanata suspension cultures were investigated in aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) composed of $4.5\%$ polyethylene glycol (PEG) 20,000 and $2.8\%$ crude dextran. In the range of 0.1-10.0 g $1^{-1}$, Pluronic F-68 enhanced the maximum cell density in a medium with ATPSs, even though Pluronic F-68 did not affect cell growth in a normal growth medium. In terms of physical properties of ATPSs with cell suspension cultures, 0.2 g $1^{-1}$ of Pluronic F-68 reduced viscosity by up to $40\%$, while 0.1 g $1^{-1}$ of Pluronic F-68 significantly enhanced the oxygen transfer rate. In addition, we successfully performed aqueous two-phase cultivation in a 5-1 stirred tank bioreactor with 0.5 g $1^{-1}$ of Pluronic F-68, and discovered that cell growth in ATPSs was similar to that in normal growth medium.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.232-235
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• 2011

ZnO nanorods for gas sensors were prepared by a hydrothermal method. The ZnO gas sensors were fabricated on alumina substrates by a screen printing method. The gas-sensing properties of the ZnO nanorods were investigated for $CH_4$ gas. The effects of growth time on the structural and morphological properties of the ZnO nanorods were investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The XRD patterns of the nanocrystallized ZnO nanorods showed a wurtzite structure with the (002) predominant orientation. The diameter and length of the ZnO nanorods increased in proportion to the growth time. The sensitivity of the ZnO sensors to 5 ppm $CH_4$ gas was investigated for various growth times. The ZnO sensors exhibited good sensitivity and rapid response-recovery characteristics to $CH_4$ gas, and both traits were dependent on the growth time. The highest sensitivity of the ZnO sensors to $CH_4$ gas was observed with the growth time of 7 h. The response and recovery times were 13 s and 6 s, respectively.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.342-345
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• 2000

Effect of volcanic ash on cell growth of Aspergillus sp. and production of exopolymers by Agrobacterium sp. and Aureobasidium pullualns was investigated. The volcanic ash contained various mineral salts such as $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, CaO, $K_2O$. Maximal cell growth of Aspergillus sp. was obtained when 0.3% volcanic ash was added to medium. Cell growth of Aspergillus sp. increased with higher concentration of volcanic ash in medium. Amount of cell growth with 0.3 % volcanic ash was 6.7 times higher than that without volcanic ash. Volcanic ash also stimulated production of exopolymer as well as cell growth. Production of curdlan with 0.1% volcanic ash was 12.40 g/l whereas that without volcanic ash was 9.15 g/l. Production of pullulan with volcanic ash was also higher than that without volcanic ash.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.409-421
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• 2017

Recently Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology offers new opportunities for assessing crop growth condition using UAV imagery. The objective of this study was to select optimal vegetation indices and regression model for estimating of rice growth using UAV images. This study was conducted using a fixed-wing UAV (Model : Ebee) with Cannon S110 and Cannon IXUS camera during farming season in 2016 on the experiment field of National Institute of Crop Science. Before heading stage of rice, there were strong relationships between rice growth parameters (plant height, dry weight and LAI (Leaf Area Index)) and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) using natural exponential function ($R{\geq}0.97$). After heading stage, there were strong relationships between rice dry weight and NDVI, gNDVI (green NDVI), RVI (Ratio Vegetation Index), CI-G (Chlorophyll Index-Green) using quadratic function ($R{\leq}-0.98$). There were no apparent relationships between rice growth parameters and vegetation indices using only Red-Green-Blue band images.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.327-330
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• 2002

A plant growth-promoting substance, FM001, was isolated from the culture broth of Acremonium strictum MJN1. The purification steps included solvent extraction, adsorption chromatography using Diaion HP20, TLC on silica, and HLPC using a C-18 column. The purified FM001 enhanced rice seedling growth by $11.1\%\;and\;34.0\%$ of the dried weight of the shoots and roots, and also radish growth by $26.5\%\;and\;23.7\%$ of the top length and dried weight. FM001 also significantly promoted the growth of red pepper by increasing $32.7\%$ of fruit weight and $11.3\%$ as regards the height. FM001 consisted of C, H, O, N, and S, and its molecular weight was determined to be 537.78 Da. The structure of FM001 resembled brassinosteriods, and it would appear to have great potential as an effective bio-fertilizer.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1865-1869
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• 2018

This study examined the effects of alfalfa seed germination on growth of Salmonella enterica. We investigated the population changes of S. enterica during early sprout development. We found that the population density of S. enterica, which was inoculated on alfalfa seeds was increased during sprout development under all experimental temperatures, whereas a significant reduction was observed when S. enterica was inoculated on fully germinated sprouts. To establish a model for predicting S. enterica growth during alfalfa sprout development, the kinetic growth data under isothermal conditions were collected and evaluated based on Baranyi model as a primary model for growth data. To elucidate the influence of temperature on S. enterica growth rates, three secondary models were compared and found that the Arrhenius-type model was more suitable than others. We believe that our model can be utilized to predict S. enterica behavior in alfalfa sprout and to conduct microbial risk assessments.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.161-171
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• 1999

Background: Interleukin-12 (IL-12) can induce antitumor effects in vivo. This antitumor effect is associated with T cell infiltration but the effect of IL-12 on the steps of T cell migration into the tumor tissue has not been fully elucidated. This study focused on the effect of IL-12 on the tumor growth and the metastasis and on the expression of E-selectin, an adhesion molecule which is activated endothelial specific in its expression. In addition, we studied whether the expression of E-selectin is associated with the TNF-$\alpha$, a cytokine that its production is increased by IL-12 and has functions inducing a variety of adhesion molecules. Methods: Mice of C57BL/6 strain were injected with Lewis lung cancer cells followed by either IL-12, TNF-$\alpha$, or normal saline by intraperitoneal route. Twenty eight days after tumor cell inoculation, metastatic nodules of lung were enumerated and immunohistochemical staining of the subcutaneous tumors were performed with monoclonal antibodies to CD4, CD8, CD16, and E-selectin. In IL-12 treated mice, the subcutaneously implanted Lewis lung tumors were decreased in size and the metastases were also decreased in number compared to control mice. On tumor tissues, increased infiltration of CD4+, CD8+, and CD16+ cells were oberved in IL-12 treated mice compared to control mice. In control mice, E-selectin was absent on tumor vessels, but the expression of E-selectin was increased on tumor vessels of IL-12 treated mice. Administration of TNF-$\alpha$ increased not only the expression of E-selectin but also infiltrations of CD4+, CD8+, and CD16+ cells on tumor tissues. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that IL-12 inhibits tumor growth and metastases through infiltrations of inflammatory cells in mouse model of Lewis lung carcinoma and E-selectin may playa role in inflammatory cell recruitment on tumor tissue following IL-12 administration. Also, TNF-$\alpha$ may have a role as a mediator responsible for the IL-12 induced expression of E-selectin.