• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.249-256
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• 2020

Learning methods using various assistive and smart devices have been developed to enable independent learning of the disabled. Pointer control is the most important consideration for the disabled when controlling a device and the contents of an existing graphical user interface (GUI) environment; however, difficulties can be encountered when using a pointer, depending on the disability type; Although there are individual differences depending on the blind, low vision, and upper limb disability, problems arise in the accuracy of object selection and execution in common. A multimodal interface pilot solution is presented that enables people with various disability types to control web interactions more easily. First, we classify web interaction types using digital devices and derive essential web interactions among them. Second, to solve problems that occur when performing web interactions considering the disability type, the necessary technology according to the characteristics of each disability type is presented. Finally, a pilot solution for the multimodal interface for each disability type is proposed. We identified three disability types and developed solutions for each type. We developed a remote-control operation voice interface for blind people and a voice output interface applying the selective focusing technique for low-vision people. Finally, we developed a gaze-tracking and voice-command interface for GUI operations for people with upper-limb disability.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.113-122
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• 2016

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has revolutionized the world and has profound impact on the social and economic development of a country. Implementation, practice and accessibility of ICT is viewed as an integral part of any countries' strategy today. These new technologies are becoming popular due to their ability to produce, distribute and provide instant access to massive information in no time. ICT has pervaded almost every aspect of human endeavor that may include health, education, economics, governance, entertainment etc. Tourism is one such vital industry that find enormous application of ICT in its strategic and operational level, to promise long term benefits and enhance economic growth. Tourism industry in western world and some developed countries of Asia have applied ICT for more than 30 years, and have gained tremendous benefits. Nepal which is also growing as one of the favourite tourist destinations lacks proper implementation of ICT in this industry. In our study we examined how the ICT can play a vital role in developing the tourism industry of Nepal. This study is an exploratory research based on primary data collected from tourist visiting Nepal, supported by information from tour operators, government agencies, NGOs and INGOS. A framework is devised on the basis of data and information collected and finally, discussions elaborate on the prospect and challenges of implementation of ICT in tourism industry of $Nep{\grave{a}}l$.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.79-96
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• 2014

In Kenya during the last one decade, public and private sectors have invested a lot of resources in computer based Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to improve the quality of education in schools. The main objective has been to integrate ICT in the delivery of curriculum in order to improve the quality of teaching-learning and to produce ICT literate workforce. The computer based technologies are used in management, pedagogy, and communication. This paper presents results from a study that was conducted in Nairobi County in Kenya to determine the key factors in the integration of computer based ICT in teaching-learning in pre-primary and lower primary schools. Results had revealed that the use of computer based ICT in teaching-learning by both pre-primary and lower primary schools was influenced by accessibility of resources, capacity to use the technology, availability of time, and provision of technical support.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1215-1222
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• 2019

Recently, people with disabilities also search for and collect information from the web through smart devices, and save collected information on smart devices or take notes. For non-disabled people, various memo applications are provided on the market, so it is more convenient to choose according to their preference. However, existing memo services are limited for use by blind people due to the importance of visual information. The problem with blind people when using smart devices is that the screen is not recognized, so it is not possible to check in which location the menu of the application exists. In addition, it is difficult to input and manipulate text, and systematic file management and control are not possible. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the development of voice memo service that blind people can use only voice and hearing information and can operate menu with Bluetooth remote controller. We will develop a system that includes a comprehensive voice file management function for storing, searching, playing, and deleting files, rather than simply storing voice files.

• Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing
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• v.20 no.sup1
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• pp.137-143
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine effectiveness and usefulness of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in communication between physician and visiting nurses who provide visiting nursing services under long-term care insurance. Methods: Structured questionnaires were used to measure usefulness and satisfaction of the system, both accessibility and convenience to visiting nurses (31 people) and users (182 people). Results: From the user perspective, accessibility and convenience in terms of service users were both satisfactory as shown by users' percentage. No statistically significant difference was found for satisfaction between before and after using the system. The usefulness of the system for visiting nurses was satisfactory for most the nurses. Also most nurses answered that the system is needed and is very useful. Most of the participants (both visiting nurse and service users) were satisfied with use of the ICT system. However, there was no statistically significant difference in satisfaction between the pre and post service because the service provision period was too short (three months). Conclusion: The consensus from both users and service providers is that an ICT based visiting nursing system needs to be introduced but a more user - friendly environment for system development will be needed.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.267-272
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• 2016

In the era of ultra high speed information communication technology represented by Smart phone and Tablet PC, the disable and the aged people came to be in a position of so-called 'relatively weak people' in the field of information communication due to inconvenience of use and difference in information acquisition and processing ability. Thus, a survey was conducted on Smart phone accessibility items based on previous studies of the disabled with crippled disorder, brain lesions, myelopathy and muscular disabilities having more inconvenience relatively in their use of smart phone due to upper limb dysfunctions. Especially, people with upper limb dysfunctions with relatively weak grip had big inconvenience in the conditions of uses requiring actions such as grabbing and rotating the devices, and due to the characteristics of touch screen input method of Smart phone, they had big inconvenience due to a lack of a guidance for keyboard in input. As a result of questionnaires by the type of disability, it turned out that severe myelopathy causes the most inconvenience in using smart phone.

• 재활복지
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.181-205
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• 2014

Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning established the mobile application accessibility guideline on 2011 to help people with disabilities to use mobile applications, and has intimated it for governmental and public institutions to utilize. This paper presents an analysis of relationship between success criteria in the current mobile application accessibility guideline and the issues raised by users based on user evaluation performed on 5 mobile applications. Analysis results show that the current mobile application accessibility guideline doesn't apply accessibility requirements thoroughly because some mobile applications could not be accessed by users although they are fulfilling the guideline. To fully provide mobile application accessibility, success criteria such as keyboard accessibility, control size, label and time limit that are raised from the result of user evaluation need to be added to the current guideline. And the guideline need to be amended with modification or elimination of some success criteria.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2014

This study is aim to investigate and propose ways to improve real condition of the accessibility compliance that is required to use mobile applications for special education student with a disabilities. Especially, expert examined some mobile applications with 12 items out of 15 mobile application accessibility guidelines from Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning which is helpful for people with physical disabilities such as difficulty in seeing, hearing, and upper limb. Based on the results of expert evaluation, we analyzed the problem for mobile applications without accessibility compliance and presents improvement plans for people with disabilities to use mobile applications.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.425-435
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to explore the differences between Korea and Japan in terms of the effects of student- and school-level ICT-related factors on computer-based problem solving ability in PISA 2012 achievement results. PISA 2012's computer-based problem solving assessment included 5,033 students from 156 schools in Korea and 6,351 students from 191 schools in Japan. A 2-level hierarchical linear model (HLM) was employed to analyze data. Both of Korean and Japanese students, students with the earlier use of computer and the Internet, higher socioeconomic background and higher openness to problem reported better problem solving scores than their counterparts. Also, accessibility to ICT equipment provided by home or school was found to be a negative effect on problem solving in both countries. Differences in the effects of purposes and attitudes for ICT use, teacher-student relationship, and creative out-of-school activities on problem solving ability were found between two countries.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2015

In current information society, there is a barrier called digital divide. Due to this barrier, the disabled have difficulties to communicate with the world. Recently, with advanced smart techniques, smart devices become necessity for the disabled. Currently improvements of smart application accessibility become a great concern for the disabled. The purpose of this paper is to present some guidelines for enhancing smart application accessibility for the disabled. The enhancement guidelines are developed based on the existing mobile accessibility guidelines and modified for better adaptability for the disabled. Our principles are as follows: minimizing blue light emission from smart devices, automatic focus on input window, action trace, font color change, emergency notification by motion, gesture recognition, control location, scrolling avoidance, auditory service for visual warning, and icon literation.