• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.38-45
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• 2006

A dual-level low voltage differential signalling (DLVDS) circuit is proposed aiming at reducing transmission lines for a LCD driver IC. We apply two data to the proposed DLVDS circuit as inputs. Then, the transmitter converts two inputs to two kinds of fully differential signals. In this circuit, two transmission lines are sufficient to transfer two inputs while keeping the LVDS feature. However, the circuit has a common mode bias fluctuation due to difference of the input bias and the reference bias. We compensate the common mode bias fluctuation using a feedback circuit of the current source bias. The receiver recovers the original input data through a level decoding circuit. We fabricated the proposed circuit using $0.25{\mu}m$ CMOS technology. The simulation results of proposed circuit shows 1-Gbps/2-line data rate and 35mW power consumption at 2.5V supply voltage, respectively.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the length of the catheter used in a needle thoracostomy for emergency decompression of a tension pneumothorax by measuring the chest wall thickness (CWT) in patients with chest trauma Methods: A retrospective review of 201 patients with chest trauma who had been transported the emergency department in a tertiary university hospital in a metropolitan area between 1 January and 31 February 2007 was performed. The average CWT at the second intercostal space (ICS) in the midclavicular line (MCL) was measured by using a chest computed tomography scan. Results: As the left and the right mean CWTs were $3.4{\pm}1.0cm$ and $3.4{\pm}1.0cm$, respectively, there was no significant statistical difference between them. The mean CWT of female patients was significantly higher than that of male patients (p=0.001). The mean CWT of patients under the age of 65 years was significantly thicker than that of the patients over the age of 65 years (p<0.001). Of the studied patients, 12 (6.0%) a CWT > 5 cm. Conclusion: A 5 cm-length catheter in a needle thoracostomy may be insufficient for emergency decompression of a tension pneumothorax, so a catheter longer than 5 cm in length is needed.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.254-260
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• 2014

Potato Rpi-blb2 encodes a protein with a coiled-coil-nucleotide binding site and leucine-rich repeat (CC-NBSLRR) motif that recognizes the Phytophthora infestans AVRblb2 effector and triggers hypersensitive cell death (HCD). To better understand the components required for Rpi-blb2-mediated HCD in plants, we used virus-induced gene silencing to repress candidate genes in Rpi-blb2-transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants and assayed the plants for AVRblb2 effector. Rpi-blb2 triggers HCD through NbSGT1-mediated pathways, but not NbEDS1- or NbNDR1-mediated pathways. In addition, the role of salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and ethylene (ET) in Rpi-blb2-mediated HCD were analyzed by monitoring of the responses of NbICS1-, NbCOI1-, or NbEIN2-silenced or Rpi-blb2::NahG-transgenic plants. Rpi-blb2-mediated HCD in response to AVRblb2 was not associated with SA accumulation. Thus, SA affects Rpi-blb2-mediated resistance against P. infestans, but not Rpi-blb2-mediated HCD in response to AVRblb2. Additionally, JA and ET signaling were not required for Rpi-blb2-mediated HCD in N. benthamiana. Taken together, these findings suggest that NbSGT1 is a unique positive regulator of Rpi-blb2-mediated HCD in response to AVRblb2, but EDS1, NDR1, SA, JA, and ET are not required.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.85-94
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• 1994

Inclusion complexes of ketoconazole (KT) with ${\alpha}-$, ${\beta}-cyclodextrin$ (CD) and dimethyl-${\beta}-cyclodextrin$ $(DM{\beta}CD)$ in a molar ratio of 1:2 were prepared by freeze-drying and solvent evaporation methods. The interactions of KT with ${\alpha}-CD$, ${\beta}-CD$ and $DM{\beta}CD$ in aqueous solution and in solid state were investigated by solubility study, infrared (lR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The stability constant of $KT-DM{\beta}CD$ inclusion complex (lC) was found to be the largest among three inclusion complexes. Clear differences in IR spectra and DSC curves were observed between inclusion complexes and physical mixtures (PM) of KT-CDs. It was also shown by IR spectra and DSC curves that solvent evaporation method might be. superior to the freeze-drying method in preparing the inclusion complexes of KT-CDs. The dissolution rate of KT was markedly increased by inclusion complex formation with CDs in the buffer solution at pH 4.0 and pH 6.8. The mean dissolution time (MDT,min), which represents the rapidity of dissolution, was in the order of $KT-DM{\beta}CD$ IC (3.20) < $KT-{\beta}-CD$ IC (4.36) < $KT-{\alpha}-CD$ IC (6.99) < $KT-{\alpha}-CD$ PM (17.46)< $KT-{\beta}-CD$ PM (19.36) < $KT-{\beta}-CD$ PM (28.53). The dissolution rates of KT-CD ICsprepared by solvent evaporation method were faster than those of KT-CD ICs prepared by freeze-drying method.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.69-77
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• 2017

In this paper, a disaster response scheme based on deep learning and augmented reality technology is proposed and a network resource reservation scheme is presented accordingly. The features of deep learning, augmented reality technology and its relevance to the disaster areas are explained. Deep learning technology can be used to accurately recognize disaster situations and to implement related disaster information as augmented reality, and to enhance disaster response capabilities by providing disaster response On-site disaster response agent, ICS (Incident Command System) and MCS (Multi-agency Coordination Systems). In the case of various disasters, the fire situation is focused on and it is proposed that a plan to strengthen disaster response capability effectively by providing fire situation recognition based on deep learning and augmented reality information. Finally, a scheme to secure network resources to utilize the disaster response method of this paper is proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.575-582
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• 2008

본 논문은 시맨틱 웹 기술이 어떻게 국가 표준(KS) 정보 검색 서비스 내 정보들을 연계시키고 사용자 접근성을 향상시키는 데 도움을 줄 수 있는지를 실증적으로 보여준다. 기존 표준 정보 검색 서비스는 용어 검색의 유연성이 부족하여 표준 정보에서 사용된 용어와 사용자 용어 간의 괴리를 해소하지 못했으며 표준, 기관, 인력 등 상호 관련성을 가진 개체 정보들을 개별적으로 서비스하였다. 이러한 상황은 사용자의 표준 정보 검색 서비스 접근성을 떨어뜨리는 요인으로 작용한다. 본 연구에서는 유의어, 관련어를 중심으로 한 표준 용어 사전 구축을 통해 사용자 용어와 표준 정보 내 용어 간의 원활한 매칭을 지원하며, 표준 관련 개체들을 온톨로지와 추론을 통해 연계시키는 방안을 제시한다. 개선된 표준 정보 검색 서비스는 개선된 표준 정보 검색 서비스는 개체 중심적 통합 검색 결과 제공 방식으로 관련 정보들을 단일 웹 페이지 내에서 확인할 수 있도록 해준다. 예를 들어, 특정 KS 표준 검색 결과 페이지에서는 기존에 DB 접근이나 검색 엔진을 통해 바로 획득할 수 없었던 정부 표준들, 기관들의 해당 KS 표준 인용 현황, 해당 KS 표준 전문가들, 부합화를 위해 참조된 국제 표준들, 해당 KS 표준 전문가들, 부합화를 위해 참조된 국제 표준들, 해당 KS 표준 전문가 네트워크, 해당 KS 표준 내 표준 용어 사전 정보 등 다양한 관련 정보들을 조합하여 서비스한다. 본 연구를 위해 모델링된 온톨로지와 시맨틱 웹기반 서비스 프레임워크인 OntoFrame 상에서 추론 작업이 표준 정보 적재 시에 전방 추론 (Forward-chaining) 방식으로 수행되었으며, 표준 온톨로지 질의 언어인 SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language)을 이용해 일반 검색 서비스 수준의 속도로 서비스될 수 있었다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.795-806
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• 1996

A structure which transmits and receives 3 subscribers packet data through an optical splitter node in an optical subscriber network of PON wave suggested and realized. All the functions which are necessary to use PON structure such as 155.52Mb/s multiplexer/demultiplexer of down-stream signal, 25.92Mb/s multiplexer/demultiplexer of up-stream signal, frame synchronizer, and phase aligner for aligning phase of the clock and received data have been integrated within 2 ICs using CMOS technonology. TDMAtechnology was suggested for up-stream transmission. In the optical up-stream transmission of the urst signals transmissionquality degradataion by APC and AGC of optical tranceiver was observed. By compensating the degradation, more than 17dB of link budget which is enough to satisfy 11.2dBthat is required in SWAN of PON architecture has been obtained with optical transceiver whose power and sensitivity are -17dBm and -34dBm respectively.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.165-170
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• 2016

Nano-scale power splitter based on curved plasmonic waveguides are designed by utilizing the multimode interference (MMI) coupler. To analyze easily the adaptive properties of plasmonic curverd multimode interference coupler(PC-MMIC), the curved form transforms equivalently into a planar form by using conformal transformation method. Also, effective dielectric method and longitudinal modal transmission-line theory are used for simulating the light propagation and optimizing the structural parameters at 3-D guiding geometry. The designed $2{\times}2$ PC-MMIC does not work well for quasi-TM mode case due to the bending structure, and it does not exist 3dB coupling property, in which the power splitting ratio is 50%:50%, for quasi-TE mode case. Further, the coupling efficiency is better when the signal is incident at channel with large curvature radius than small curvature radius.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.9-16
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• 2000

MOS transistors are fabricated and evaluated for RF IC applications such as mobile communication systems using 0.35m CMOS process. Characteristics of MOSFETs are analyzed at various channel length, width and bias conditions. From the analysis, cut-off frequency ($f_T$) is independent on channel width but maximum oscillation frequency ($f_{max}$) tends to derease as the channel width increases. As channel length increases, $f_T$ and fmax decrease. $f_T$ is 22GHz and fmax is 28GHz at its maximum value. High frequency noise performance is improved with larger channel width and smaller channel length at same bias conditions. NFmin at 2GHz is 0.45dB as a minimum value. From the evaluation, MOSFETs designed using 0.35m CMOS process demonstrated a full potential for the commercial RF ICs for mobile communication systems near 2GHz. And optimization methods of the CMOS transistors for RF applications are presented in this paper.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.7 s.361
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• pp.35-40
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• 2007

As the mobile communication service is widely used and the demand for wireless repeaters is rapidly increasing because of the easiness of extending service areas. But a wireless repeater has a problem that the output of the transmit antenna is partially fed back to the receive antenna, which results in feedback interference. In this paper, we propose a new varable step-size LMS algorithm which utilizes correlation between reference and error signals to adjust the step sizes, for cancelling the feedback interference signals in the WCDMA repeater under time-varying multi-path channels. The proposed algorithm was evaluated through computer simualation by being applied to the feedback canceling filter of the WCDMA repeater. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed one is superior to the conventional ones in terms of the cancelation perormance.