• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.674-677
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• 2008

The Architecture, engineering, & construction (AEC) industry domains have grown more complex and larger, BIM is a digital representation of a building to facilitate the exchange and development of construction information integration and interoperability. Industry Foundation Classes (IFCs), under development by International Alliance for Interoperability (IAI), represent the part of buildings or elements of a process. IFC has been adopted as a central information repository in order to deliver integrated building information. Other BIM software could open the IFC file, recognize standard objects such as walls, window, and doors as building components. The IFC standard is generally agreed to be of high quality and is widely implemented in software. However, sometimes, information distortion or information toss occurrs during information exchang. The IAI Model Support Group (IAI-MSG) offers the opportunity to certify IFC-compliant applications based on a structuralized approach. However, IFC interoperability error also have occurred by using certificated tools. As project participants exchange BIM information by using BIM software they will need a reliable and efficient exchange of information. In this paper, previous interoperability tests were analyzed, and we propose a new concept in interoperability test.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 2005

There have been several efforts for the investigation of the formal development team which was formed in the IAI to develop a common 2D standard specification between ISO/STEP and IAI/IFC since 2002. As a result, a drafting model has been included in the IFC2.x2 model. However, to be used actively in the construction practice for construction drawing exchange, the IFC model should be extended to the paper space for multiple views, drawing output, and delivery of drawings. Therefore, in this paper, the methodology of relating STEP and IFC has been investigated and schema extension of paper space(drawing sheet, presentation view, view pipeline), complex entity(leader), and dimension(associative) have been achieved. The resulting, IFC model will enable a basic harmonization with KOSDIC. SCADEC, and STEP-CDS by retaining the current IFC architecture. In addition, IT systems for the construction industry can be beneficial from the developed data model.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.182-187
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• 2007

A case study is a beforehand research to develope 3D architectural design guide line for building and construction. For this case study, the research investigates several cases around world such as Building Information Modeling Guide Series of U.S. GSA(General Service Administration), BIM/IFC User Guide of IAI Germany, IDM(Information Delivery Manual) of IAI Norway, CORENet of Singapore the Ministry of National Development with Building and Construction Authority, and Helsinki University of Technology Auditorium Hall 600(HUT-600) of IAI Finland. The common thing of each case is using IFC for sharing information and interoperability in the life cycle of building. Through the case study, it shows the way how the 3D architectural design guide adapted in Korean situation.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.429-439
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to support the integration from current 2D drawing-based design to future 3D model-based design. In this paper, an important theme is the combination between the STEP-based 2D drawing standards (i.e., AP202) and the IFC-based 3D building model standards. To achieve the purpose, two methodologies are proposed as follows: the development of IFC extension model for the 2D shape data representation by harmonizing ISO/STEP AP202; and the development of mapping solution between IFC 2D extension model and KOSDIC by constructing the exchange scenario for 2D shape data representation. It is expected that the proposed IFC2X2 2D extension model and mapping solution will offer the basis of development of the integrated standards model in AEC industry.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1346-1351
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• 2009

In this paper we propose a framework for an Object Relational IFC Server (OR-IFC Server). Enormous amounts of information are generated in each project. Today, many BIM systems are developed by various CAD software vendors. Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) developed by International Alliance for Interoperability (IAI) is an open standard data model for exchanging data between the various BIM tools. The IFC provides a foundation for exchanging and sharing of information directly between software applications and define a shared building project model. The IFC model server is a database management system that can keep track of transactions, modifications, and deletions. It plays a role as an information hub for storing and sharing information between various parties involved in construction projects. Users can communicate with each other via the internet and utilize functions implemented in the model server such as partial data import/export, file merge, version control, etc. IFC model servers using relational database systems have been developed. However, they suffered from slow performance and long transaction time due to a complex mapping process between the IFC structure and a relational-database structure because the IFC model schema is defined in the EXPRESS language which is object-favored language. In order to simplify the mapping process, we developed a set of rules to map the IFC model to an object-relational database (ORDB). Once the database has been configured, only those pieces of information that are required for a specific information-exchange scenario are extracted using the pre-defined information delivery manual (IDM). Therefore, file sizes will be reduced when exchanging data, meaning that files can now be effectively exchanged and shared. In this study, the framework of the IFC server using ORDB and IDM and the method to develop it will be examined.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.253-263
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• 2008

Extension of IFC data model for steel bridge members is proposed to represent detailed design information. First of all, the design data items and their representation method are classified by analyzing primary references such as design specification, structural calculation documents and shop drawings. Some of the classified items are enough to be represented by the existing IFC model. However, the need of additional model is noted to systematically represent the design information for other items such as stiffener, diaphragm, joint system, and shear connector. An inheritance relations and properties for added model are also defined. The application program based on the proposed data model is developed. In the end, by loading the application program on the AutoCAD 2002 program, end-users can input the design information of steel bridge members. The applicability and efficiency of the proposed data model and the program are verified by checking the section area, intervals, and interferences.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.257-260
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• 2010

The Architecture, engineering & construction (AEC) industry domains have grown more complex and larger. BIM is a digital representation of a building to facilitate the exchange and development of construction information integration and interoperability. Industry Foundation Classes (IFCs), under development by International Alliance for Interoperability (IAI), represent the part of buildings or elements of a process. IFC has been adopted as a central information repository in order to deliver integrated information. BIM softwares could open the IFC file, recognize standard objects. However, sometimes, information distortion or information loss occurs during information exchange. As project participants exchange BIM information by using BIM softwares they will need a reliable and efficient exchange of information. This paper suggests the BIM object information compatibility problems among BIM softwares and classify the BIM object information compatibility problems.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.1 no.2 s.2
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• pp.98-107
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• 2000

Increased use of computers in AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) has expanded the amount of information gained from CAD (Computer Aided Design), PMIS (Project Management Information System), Structural Analysis Program, and Scheduling Program as well as making it more complex. And the productivity of AEC industry is largely dependent on well management and efficient reuse of this information. Accordingly, such trend incited much research and development on ITC (Information Technology in Construction) and CIC (Computer Integrated Construction) to be conducted. In exemplifying such effort, many researchers studied and researched on IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) since its development by IAI (International Alliance for Interoperability) for the product based information sharing. However, in spite of some valuable outputs, these researches are yet in the preliminary stage and deal mainly with conceptual ideas and trial implementations. Research on unveiling the process of the IFC application development, the core of the Design Information management system, and its applicable plan still need be done. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to determine the technologies needed for Design Information management system using IFC, and to present the key roles and the process of the IFC application development and its applicable plan. This system play a role to integrate the architectural information and the structural information into the product model and to group many each product items with various levels and aspects. To make the process model, we defined two activities, 'Product Modeling', 'Application Development', at the initial level. Then we decomposed the Application Development activity into five activities, 'IFC Schema Compile', 'Class Compile', 'Make Project Database Schema', 'Development of Product Frameworker', 'Make Project Database'. These activities are carried out by C++ Compiler, CAD, ObjectStore, ST-Developer, and ST-ObjectStore. Finally, we proposed the applicable process with six stages, '3D Modeling', 'Creation of Product Information', 'Creation and Update of Database', 'Reformation of Model's Structure with Multiple Hierarchies', 'Integration of Drawings and Specifications', and 'Creation of Quantity Information'. The IFCs, including the other classes which are going to be updated and developed newly on the construction, civil/structure, and facility management, will be used by the experts through the internet distribution technologies including CORBA and DCOM.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.247-252
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• 2008

Systems architecture of information models for construction industry is introduced. The architecture ful fills international standards, such as ISO 10303(STEP) and IAI IFC, etc. It is defined in web service description language(WSDL) and ISO 10303-11(EXPRESS) language. A standard platform for this standard architecture is also developed. This platform has several tools which can transform EXPRESS description file into C++ or Java languages and which also can generate an IDL file or OWL file from an EXPRESS file. System architects, software engineers, information system consultants can use these standards to define their information model for construction industry in standardized way. Construction engineers can test this information model with ease using standard testing tools and testing method, which is also a part of standard architecture of information systems for virtual construction.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.213-220
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• 2011

In the current construction industry where various stakeholders take part, BIM Data exchange using standard format can provide a more efficient working environment for related staffs during the life-cycle of the building. Currently, the formats used to exchange the data from 3D-CAD application to structure energy analysis at the design stages are IFC, the international standard format provided by IAI, and gbXML, developed by Autodesk. However, because of insufficient data compatibility, the BIM data produced in the 3D-CAD application cannot be directly used in the energy analysis, thus there needs to be additional data entry. The reasons for this are as follows: First, an IFC file cannot contain all the data required for energy simulation. Second, architects sometimes write material names on the drawings that are not matching to those in the standard material library used in energy analysis tools. DOE-2.2 and Energy Plus are the most popular energy analysis engines. And both engines have their own material libraries. However, our investigation revealed that the two libraries are not compatible. First, the types and unit of properties were different. Second, material names used in the library and the codes of the materials were different. Furthermore, there is no material library in Korean language. Thus, by comparing the basic library of DOE-2, the most commonly used energy analysis engine worldwide, and EnergyPlus regarding construction materials; this study will analyze the material data required for energy analysis and propose a way to effectively enter these using semantic web's ontology. This study is meaningful as it enhances the objective credibility of the analysis result when analyzing the energy, and as a conceptual study on the usage of ontology in the construction industry.