• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2014

The demand for fine-pitch devices is increasing due to an increase in I/O pin count, a reduction in power consumption, and a miniaturization of chip and package. In addition non-scalability of Cu pillar/Sn cap or Pb-free solder structure for fine-pitch interconnection leads to the development of bumpless interconnection system. Few bumpless interconnect systems such as BBUL technology, SAB technology, SAM technology, Cu-toCu thermocompression technology, and WOW's bumpless technology using an adhesive have been reviewed in this paper: The key requirements for Cu bumpless technology are the planarization, contamination-free surface, and surface activation.

• Computational Structural Engineering
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.69-77
• /
• 1989

Until recently post-processing of finite element model has been heavily relied on expensive graphic peripheral devices. With the aid of inexpensive microcomputers, very economical post-processor graphics program called MICRO-POST has been developed. Model geometry or results of analysis for the unlimited meshes can be easily presented in a number of low-cost graphic devices. The paper presents the procedure obtaining the device-independent graphics, and the structure and functions of the program. It also describes efficient I/O scheme to overcome the memory limitation, and dialogue-type input technique to control the plot operation in an interactive manner. Through the post processing examples for the general purpose finite element programs, it demonstrates the usefulness of the program.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 2013

Due to the increased use of mobile devices, there is a lot of discussion on mobile accessibility. Mobile accessibility means that everyone, who includes the disabled, the elderly people, can easily use the functions of mobile devices. In this paper, we presented and implemented a mobile interface using a speech I/O APIs to improve the accessibility. The proposed interfaces are implemented on Android platforms and they used speech recognition and text-to-speech APIs supported as built-in services. In addition, to facilitate the internet access for visually impaired or blind people, we also implemented the web browsing application (web reader).

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we propose a dynamic load distribution technique at the operating system level in mobile storage systems with a heterogeneous storage pair of a small form-factor and disk and a flash memory, which aims at saving energy consumption as well as enhancing I/O performance. Our proposed technique takes a combinatory approach of file placement and buffer cache management techniques to find how the load can be distributed in an energy and performance-aware way for a heterogeneous mobile storage air of a hard disk and a flash memory. We demonstrate that the proposed technique provides better experimental results with heterogeneous mobile storage devices compared with the existing techniques through extensive simulations.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.48-59
• /
• 2024

As functions that support virtualization on their own in hardware are developed, user applications having various workloads are operating efficiently in the virtualization system. SR-IOV is a virtualization support function that takes direct access to PCI devices, thus giving a high I/O performance by minimizing the need for hypervisor or operating system interventions. With SR-IOV, network I/O acceleration can be realized in virtualization systems that have relatively long I/O paths compared to bare-metal systems and frequent context switches between the user area and kernel area. To take performance advantages of SR-IOV, network resource management policies that can derive optimal network performance when SR-IOV is applied to an instance such as a virtual machine(VM) or container are being actively studied.This paper evaluates and analyzes the network performance of SR-IOV implementing I/O acceleration is compared with Virtio in terms of 1) network delay, 2) network throughput, 3) network fairness, 4) performance interference, and 5) multi-network. The contributions of this paper are as follows. First, the network I/O process of Virtio and SR-IOV was clearly explained in the virtualization system, and second, the evaluation results of the network performance of Virtio and SR-IOV were analyzed based on various performance metrics. Third, the system overhead and the possibility of optimization for the SR-IOV network in a virtualization system with high VM density were experimentally confirmed. The experimental results and analysis of the paper are expected to be referenced in the network resource management policy for virtualization systems that operate network-intensive services such as smart factories, connected cars, deep learning inference models, and crowdsourcing.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.19-23
• /
• 2020

In this paper, we proposed a PC-based CNC control system using EtherCAT-based servo drive and I/O device. The default communication of LinuxCNC is a parallel port, and data processing with high bandwidth is impossible. However, it is possible to apply various bandwidth devices through the application of EtherCAT, one of the industrial Ethernet communications with high bandwidth. Therefore, the hardware control method of LinuxCNC was applied through EtherCAT communication from the existing parallel port. Finally, through HAL configuration, I/O device operation check and 3-axis motion control proved the LinuxCNC system with EtherCAT.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2016.02a
• /
• pp.338.2-338.2
• /
• 2016

Al doped ZnO (AZO) thin films were deposited on Si substrates with rod-shaped-surface by pulsed laser deposition method (PLD). Si-rods were prepared through chemical etching. To analyze the influence on the formation of the rod structure, samples with various chemical etching conditions such as AgNO3/HF ratio, etching time, and solution temperature were prepared. The morphology of Si-rod structures were examined by FE-SEM. Fig. 1 shows a typical structure of n-AZO/p-Si-rod juncions. The fabricated n-AZO/p-Si-rod devices exhibited p-n diode current-voltage characteristics. We compared the I-V characteristics of n-AZO/p-Si-rod devices with the samples without Si-rod structure.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
• /
• v.52 no.6
• /
• pp.261-266
• /
• 2003

We investigated the effect of oxygen plasma treatment of indium-tin oxide(ITO) surface on the performance of electroluminescence(EL) devices. ITO surface treated oxygen plasma has been analyzed using atomic force microscope(AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), to investigate the relations between the properties of the ITO surface and the properties of the current-voltage-luminance(I-V-L) characteristics of the fabricated OLED with the structure of ITO(plasma treatment) / TPD / Alq$_3$/ Al. It is found that the oxygen plasma treatment of ITO anode improve the hole injection of the OLED due to the modification of the surface states. The treated ITO anode nay be low voltage with high luminance efficiency.

• Rubber Technology
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2012

Click chemistry had enjoyed a wealthy decade after it was introduced by K.B.Sharpless and his co-worker on 2001. Since there is no optimized method for synthesis of click polymer, therefore, this paper introduced three click reaction methods such as catalyst, non-catalyst and azide-end capping for fluorene-based functional click polymers. The obtained polymers have reasonable molecular weight with narrow PDI. The polymers are thermally stable and almost emitted blue light emission. The synthesized fluorene-based functional click polymers were characterized to compare the effect of click reaction methods on polymer electro-optical properties as well as device performance on quasi-solid-state dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) applications. The DSSCs with configuration of $SnO_2:F/TiO_2/N719$ dye/quasi-solid-state electrolyte/Pt devices were fabricated using these click polymers as a solid-state electrolyte components. Among the devices, the catalyzed click polymer composed device exhibited a high power conversion efficiency of 4.62% under AM 1.5G illumination ($100mW/cm^2$).These click polymers are promising materials in device application and $Cu^I$-catalyst 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition click reaction is an efficient synthetic methodology.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2009.10a
• /
• pp.1189-1192
• /
• 2009

Short channel a-Si:H TFT devices with Cu electrodes have been investigated. Short channel TFTs are defined by new plasma etch process. When the channel length becomes shorter, the TFT characteristics (threshold voltage, off current, sub threshold voltage, etc.,) are degraded. These degraded characteristics can be improved through the hydrogen plasma treatment and new gate insulator structure. Using these processes, 15.0 inch XGA LCD panel was fabricated successfully where the channel length of the TFT devices was about 2.5 micrometers.