• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.75-79
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• 1989

Mucormycosis는 자연 환경속에 상채하고 있는 Mucorales 목의 곰팡이류에 의해 발생하는 질병인데, 강원도 속초시의 한 양계장에서 82수(연령 100일~2년)의 닭에 집한 발병하였다. 임상중상은 식욕감퇴, 하리, 영양실조, 호흡곤란, 마비 등으로 발병 후 수 주간에 폐사하였으며, 부검시 호흡기관을 비롯하여 간장, 심장, 비장, 신장, 소화관 등에서 회황색의 다발성 결절(0.14~4.6cm)과 소출혈반점을 발견하였다. 병리 조직학적으로 병소는 화농성 혹은 건락성 괴사소와 이를 둘려싸는 위산성 백혈구, 대식세포, 임파구, 거대핵세포의 침륜 등 급성 육아종성염증 소견을 나타내었으며, 본균 특이성의 균사(두께 $4{\sim}24{\mu}$)를 괴사병소 내에서 관찰하였다. 본 질병의 발생은 사료 첨가제와 치료제로써 항생제의 남용이나 타질병의 일차 감염 등이 전소인으로 작용하는 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2003

The identification of genes involved in true hypha formation is important in the study of mechanisms underlying the morphogenetic switch in yeast. We isolated a gene responsible for the morphogenetic switch in Yarrowia lipolytica, which forms true hyphae in response to serum or N-acetylglucosamine. The isolated gene, encoding 847 amino acids, had sequence identities of 27% and 25% with the Bud6 (Aip3) proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, respectively. Disruption of this gene, designated YIBUD6, in haploid and diploid strains significantly reduced the ability of Y. lipolytica to switch from the yeast form to the hyphal form in hypha-inducing media. It was also found that YIBud6$\Delta$ mutants were rounder than the wild type when grown in the yeast form. These results indicate that the YIBud6 protein is necessary for hyphal growth and cell polarity in both haploid and diploid Y. lipolytica cells.

• 한국미생물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물생명공학회 2000년도 Proceedings of 2000 KSAM International Symposium and Spring Meeting
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• pp.78-89
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• 2000

Protein secretion in filamentous fungi has been shown to be restricted to actively growing hyphal tips. To determine whether an increase in the amount of growing surface area of a fungus can lead to an increase in the amount of protein secretion, we examined secretion in a temperature-sensitive Neurospora crassa mcb mutant that shows a loss of growth polarity when incubated at restrictive-temperature. Incubation of the mcb mutant at restrictive-temperature results in a three- to five-fold increase in the level of extracellular protein and a 20- fold increase in carboxymethyl cellulase activity relative to a wild-type strain. A mutation in the cr-l gene has been shown previously to suppress the apolar growth phenotype of the mcb mutant, and we find that the level of extracellular protein produced by a mcb; cr-l double mutant was reduced to that of the wild-type control. Immunolocalization of a secreted endoglucanase revealed that proteins are secreted mainly at hyphal tips in hyphae exhibiting polar growth and over the entire surface area of bulbous regions of hyphae that are produced following a shift of the mcb mutant to restrictive-temperature. These results support the hypothesis that secretion of extracellular protein by a filamentous fungus can be significantly increased by mutations that alter growth polarity.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.212-220
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• 1987

토양으로 부터 분리된 세포의 adenine deaminase를 생산하는 방선균인 J-275L 균주의 분류학적 특성 및 효소생산 조건이 검토도었다. J-275L 균주는 균사가 간상 또는 구상의 절편으로 단절되며, 세포벽의 아미노산 성부능로서 LL-diaminopimelic acid를 함유하고 mycolic acid를 함유하지 않아TEk. 분류학적 검색 결과 분리균 J-275L을 Nocardiovides sp. J-275L로 명명하였다. Nocardioides sp. J-275에 의한 세포외 adenine deaminasem이 생산조건을 검토한 결과, 효소생산을 위한 최적배지는 0.5% dextrin, 0.5% peptone, 1% yeast extract 및 0.2% $K_{2}HPO_{4}$로 설정되었으며, 배지의 최적 pH는 7.5이었다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.31-43
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• 1975

These studies were carried out to detect the presence of infected virus- like particles and also were observed the ultrastructures of Aspergillus ochraseus isolated from kokja and Korean ginseng. The results of ultrastructures of Aspergillus ochraseus are summarized as follows: 1. In fungal cells, nuclei were enclosed by a irregular double membrane and nucleoli in the nucleus. 2. In cytoplasm, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes and glycogen were scattering distributed and many lomasomes also observed. 3. The osmiophilic bodies of fungal cells existed in the vesicles. 4. The cell walls were composed of a low electron dense materials. 5, Conidia cell walls were extremely thick and possessed the high electron density of outer coat. The virus-like particles were observed in the hyphae of Penicillium chrysogenum Q-176. These virus-like particles measured $350{\AA}$ in diameter. But strains of Aspergillus ochraseus, showing some vesicle particles were also observed about $800{\AA}$ in diameter in the central region of young fungal hyphae. Based on the results of these experiments, it can not be determined virus particles or not. The further studies to determination of virus particles will be proceeded by the chemical, physical and biological assay methods.

• Mycobiology
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.329-334
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• 2019

Streptomyces blastmyceticus strain 12-6 was isolated from a forest soil sample of Cheonan area on the basis of strong antifungal activities against plant pathogenic fungi. Butanol extracts of the cultural filtrates were active against C. acutatum, C. coccodes, C. gloeosporioides, F. oxysporum, and T. roseum. Active fractions were prepared by thin layer chromatography using silica gel plate; 12-6-2 ($R_f$ 0.36), 12-6-3 ($R_f$ 0.44). Scanning electron microscopy showed that the active fractions caused a change in surface texture of fungal spores from smooth surface to wrinkled surface. The lethal effect on the spores of the active fractions varied from 56% to 100%. It was shown that the spores of C. acutatum were more sensitive to the antifungal fractions than the spores of F. oxysporum. Fluorescence staining using TOTO-1 indicated that the antifungal fractions could make the spores more sensitive to the fluorescence dye. Thus, it was suggested that antifungal agents prepared in this study exhibited the antifungal activity by damaging the plasma membrane of both fungal spores and hyphae. Identification of antifungal agents in the active fraction using GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of cyclo-(Leu-Pro) and 9-octadecenamide as major components that have already been known as antifungal substances.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.86-90
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• 2021

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the treatment of the Tinea corporis treated by Korean medicine. Methods : The skin lesion with keratin were scraped and placed on a slide glass, and the KOH solution was dropped and observed under a microscope. After the hyphae was confirmed, a ChoPho-bang was prescribed and applied twice a day. Results : In the KOH test performed again 3 weeks after treatment, no hyphae was found and the skin lesion was completely disappeared. Conclusions : For Tinea Corporis, the KOH test is recommended to distinguish it from other skin diseases, and application of ChoPho-bang is effective for treatment.

• Mycobiology
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.280-284
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• 2021

Mushroom strains of Polyporales from the genera Coriolus, Trametes, Pycnoporus, Ganoderma, and Formitella were explored in terms of mycelial growth characteristics for the application of mushroom mycelia as alternative sources of materials replacing fossil fuel-based materials. Among the 64 strains of Polyporales, G. lucidum LBS5496GL was selected as the best candidate because it showed fast mycelial growth with high mycelial strength in both the sawdust-based solid medium and the potato dextrose liquid plate medium. Some of the Polyporales in this study have shown good mycelial growth, however, they mostly formed mycelial mat of weak physical strength. The higher physical strength of mycelial mat by G. lucidum LBS5496GL was attributed to its thick hyphae with the diameter of 13 mm as revealed by scanning electron microscopic analysis whereas the hyphae of others exhibited less than 2 mm. Glycerol and skim milk supported the best mycelial growth of LBS5496GL as a carbon and a nitrogen source, respectively.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.132-137
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• 2014

균상느타리버섯에서 발생하는 곰팡이 병해 중에서 가장 많은 문제를 발생하는 것은 Trichoderma disease 또는 green mould 등으로 불리우는 푸른곰팡이병이다. 이 병은 Trichoderma, Penicillium, Aspergillus 등의 속(genus)에 포함되는 종들에 의해 발병되는 병을 총칭하는 것으로 발생빈도와 피해가 가장 큰 것은 Trichoderma 속의 병원균에 의해 발생하였다. 느타리버섯 균상에 분리된 병원균은 T. longibrachiatum, T. koningii, Trichoderma virens, T atroviride, T. hazianum, T. pseudokoningii 6종이었으며, 발생빈도가 높은 것은 T. virens, T. hazianum, T. longibrachiatum 3종이었고, 각각의 균은 배양적 특성 및 병원성도 각기 다른 특성을 보이고 있었다. T. longibrachiatum 균사생장이 매우 빠르고, 포자형성이 빠르며, 특히 후막포자형성이 잘되는 특성을 있으며, 후기에는 진한 녹색으로 변색된다. Trichoderma koningii는 균사생장은 빠르고, 공중균사가 많은 편이며, 포자는 공중균사에 밀집되어 형성된다. 특히 Trichoderma virens 같은 경우에는 포자형성에 의한 색깔변화가 느리며, 감염후기에 발견되어 그 피해가 심한 편이었다. Trichoderma atroviride. 균사생장은 보통이며, 포자형성은 공중균사에 드물게 형성되며, 후기에는 진녹색을 띤다. 이균의 특징은 coconut 냄새와 유사한 향기가 나는 것이다. T. hazianum은 초기에는 균사가 백색으로 매우 빠르고, 공중균사에 포자가 형성하며, 후기에는 진한 녹색으로 변색된다. 공중 균사에 형성된 포자는 육안적으로 pustules or tufts의 형태를 나타내었다. Trichoderma pseudokoningii 균사생장은 빠르며, 포자형성은 접종부위를 중심으로 형성되며, 후기에는 환무니를 형성하며, 특히 배지 색이 변색되고 후막포자 잘 형성되는 특징이 있었다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2007

우리나라의 전통발효식품의 기초가 되는 곡자는 날곡류에 Aspergillus속, Rhizpous속 등 곰팡이류 , 효모 기타 미생물이 자연적으로 번식하여 효소를 함유하는 것이고, 입국은 곡류를 증자한 후 Aspergillus속, Rhizopus,속 등 곰팡이를 번식시켜 효소를 함유하는 것이다. 식품첨가물공전 천연첨가물 중 국(입국) 시험항목에서 잡균(Penicillium속)의 오염확인이 어려워 새로운 곰팡이 시험법의 확립이 필요하다. 그래서 곰팡이 특유의 포자, 분생자병 또는 균사의 격벽유무 등의 관찰이 용이한 slide culture법을 확립하였다. Slide culture 법은 slide glass위에 정방형의 잘라진 배지를 놓고, 양쪽 모서리에 포자를 접종하고 배양되는 과정동안 포자, 균사체 및 격벽 등을 관찰하였다. Slide culture법을 이용하여 대표적인 식품 관련 곰팡이의 형태학적 특징을 확인하여, 시중에서 유통되는 수입 또는 국내 생산되는 곡자, 입국 등을 수거하여 Penicillium속 오염 여부를 모니터링하였으며, 그 결과 Penicillium속의 오염율은 0%였음을 확인하였다. 최종적으로 식품첨가물공전의 국 중 잡균시험법 등 곰팡이시험법 제 개정의 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다.