• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.38-54
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• 1996

Respirator fit testing is required before entering specific work environmentals to ensure that the respirator worn satisfies a minimum of fit and that the user knows when the respirator fits properly. The fit of a respirator can be determined by qualitative (QLFT) or quantitative fit test (QNFT). The QNFT, having been universally accepted more than the QLFT, provide an objective and numerical basis by measuring a fit factor (FF). Until a few years age, only one QNFT technigue was available and accepted by U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations. In the 1980's and 1990's, several new and fundamentally different QNFT methods were developed. Two of the newer methods are commercially availale and are accepted by OSHA as suitable alternatives. In this articles, the principle of operation of each ONFT technique is explained and each technique's major advantages and disadvantages are pointed out. Emphasis is given to negative-pressure air-purifying respirators, as they are in most frequent use today. The requirements and recommendations for fit testing positive-pressure respirators are discussed as well. Finally, the presently available QNFT standards and regulations are summarized to assist the user in making fit testing decisions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.393-403
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• 2014

Objectives: Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency(KOSHA) intended to provide guidance to respirator program administrators on respirator selection. The purpose of this project is to suggest a preliminary respirator selection guide(PRSG) for the final guidance certified by KOSHA for the correct selection of respirators in the workplace. Materials: This PRSG was made on the based of current status of respirator usage including respirators available in Korea, foreign documents search and so on. PRSG was partially modified NIOSH pocket guide to chemical hazards, 3M Respirator Protection Resource Guide(RPRG) and OSHA Assigned Protection Factor(APF) rulemaking. Results: Respirators for chemicals having Korean Occupational Exposure Limits(KOELs) can be recommended in PRSG. For the others chemicals that have no KOELs, PRSG tells you what respirators you can select, using a simple step-by-step approach after health hazard assessment like HSE procedure. Conclusions: PRSG helps you to decide the right level of protection for a given hazardous substance and how to select the right respirators. PRSG is thus expected to reduce significant misuses of respirators for the work environment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.383-392
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• 2014

Purpose: In this study, we sought to understand the risk factor for chronic disease of workers by studying the association between occupational standing time and metabolic syndrome(MetS) in full-time 300 male workers. Materials: Data on age, life habit, work related information of the subjects were surveyed using self-reported questionnaire and interview. MetS was identified based on the report of Alberti et al.(2009). As for the data analysis, SPSS 19.0 was used to conduct the descriptive statistic, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Daily working hour affects on the lifting heavy objects, running and strenuous exercise(r=-0.137, p<0.01), and total physical function decreased with the increase in age(r=-0.145, p<0.01). Also, obese was significantly associated with genuflection and bend over(r=-0.110, p<0.05). On multiple logistic regression analysis for the diagnostic indices of MetS, occupational standing time were significantly associated with waist circumference(odds ratio=0.885, ${\beta}$ value=-0.122, 95% CI=0.797-0.983, p<0.05) and triglyceride (odds ratio=0.873, ${\beta}$ value=-0.136, 95% CI=0.800-0.953, p<0.01). Conclusions: These results suggest that the working posture may be important risk factor in pathogenesis and growing of MetS and cardiovascular disease.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.525-534
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• 2013

Objectives : This study aimed to improve school health program by investigation of several variables through educational diagnostic factors which influence the level of subjective oral health perception and DMFT of students on the basis of PRECEDE model. Methods : A total of 286 high school students in Busan completed the self-reported questionnaire from September 3 to 28 in 2012. Results : 1. Social and epidemiologic diagnosis suggested that the level of subjective oral health perception of male students was not better than that of female students and DMFT number of the male was more than that of the female(p<0.001)(p<0.001). 2. Oral health diagnosis indicated that once a day tooth brushing group showed lower level of oral health perception(p<0.001) and high DMFT number(p<0.001). 3. Predisposing factor of educational diagnosis implied that more than 4 times a day snack intake group and sweet diet and soda friendly group showed lower level of oral health perception and high DMFT number(p<0.001). 4. Tooth brushing of the reinforcing factors had the most important effect on the level of oral health perception and the number of dental caries. Daily snack intake was the most important effect on DMFT number. Conclusions : The informed consent from each family was the important factor in implementing PRECEDE model. School health program improved oral health care. Oral health program can correct the risk oral health behavior in children and adolescents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.351-357
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• 2019

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate fungal contamination in a 31-year old university building in Seoul, Korea, and to study the inactivation of fungi using cold atmospheric pressure plasma(CAP). Methods: To investigate the fungal contamination in a university building, air samples were collected from five locations in the building, including two study rooms, a storage room, a laboratory, and a basement. The sampling was performed in a dry season(February to April) and in a wet season(July). To study the inactivation efficacy of fungi by CAP, airborne fungal concentrations were measured before and after the operation of the CAP generator. Results: Humidity was an important factor affecting fungal growth. The airborne fungal concentrations determined in the wet season(July) were significantly higher than those determined in the dry season(February to April). In the basement, the values determined in the dry and wet season were 319 and $3,403CFU/m^3$, respectively. The inactivation efficiency of fungi by CAP was 83-90% over five to nine days of operation. Conclusions: The university building was highly contaminated by airborne fungi, especially in summer. It is concluded that humidity is an important factor affecting fungal growth and CAP is a highly useful technique for inactivation of indoor airborne fungi.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to discuss the overall and oral health conditions that affect obesity in middle-aged women in Jeju and to help them operate the effective obesity program in the future. Methods: Participants of this study were 171 middle-aged women living in Seogwipo City, Jeju Special Self - Governing Province. Data were collected through the convenience sampling method. Body mass index and waist circumference of each participant were measured, and a self-report questionnaire was applied. Results: The overall health status of obesity comprised depression, stress, diabetes, and menopause. The oral health conditions affecting obesity were bad breath and chewing. Hypertension was the main factor affecting body mass index and depression was the main factor influencing waist circumference. Obesity was more influenced by overall health status factors than by oral health status factors. Conclusions: The results of this study are expected to be useful as basic data for efficient health care services in the prevention of obesity.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2011

Objectives: This study aims to identify the impact of subjectively reported oral health status on the quality of life by applying the PRECEDE model. Methods: This study was conducted on a total of 450 people who had dental visit experience among persons above 35 and under 65 years living in Seoul and Gyeonggi provinces. Oral health-related quality of life was measured using the OHIP-14. The relationship between subjectively reported oral health status and the quality of life was evaluated by the chi-square test, t-test, one-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: OHIP-14 scores were significantly associated with self-reported oral health problem. Especially the strongest correlations were found between functional limitation, physical psychological social disability on the OHIP-14 7 sub-factor and self-reported periodontitis and dry mouth symptoms. Conclusion: Subjectively reported oral health status is associated with oral heath related quality of life. In order to improve people's the quality of life, taking care of their oral heath is indispensable factor. Therefore, it is required to revitalize regular oral health check system and the development of effective oral health education programs by the government to prevent periodontitis and dry mouth as well.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.488-494
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• 2015

A recent report showed that nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFATc) 1 is a member of the NFAT family and is strictly implicated osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Furthermore, the precise expression and function of NFATc1 in periodontal tissue remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the function of NFATc1 in osteoblastic differentiation, and the underlying mechanism regulating periodontal regeneration in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). NFATc1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels were accessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot assay, respectively. Cell proliferation determined using MTT assay. Differentiation was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase activity and formation of calcium nodule with alizarin red S staining. The mRNA expression of osteoblastic differentiation related genes were examined by RT-PCR. Marked upregulation of NFATc1 mRNA and protein was observed in cells grown in osteogenic medium (OS). NFATc1 transactivation was detected in hPDLCs that had been incubated in OS for 14 days. Treatment with $10{\mu}M$ cyclosporine A (CsA), a known calcineurin inhibitor, reduced the proliferation of hPDLCs, while $5{\mu}M$ CsA had no effect. Inhibition of the calcineurin/NFATc1 pathway by CsA, attenuated OS-induced osteoblastic differentiation in hPDLCs. In summary, this study demonstrates for the first time that NFATc1 plays a key role in osteoblastic differentiation of hPDLCs and activation of NFATc1 could provide a novel mechanism for periodontal bone regeneration.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.597-609
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of workers health behaviorals, oral health behaviorals and metabolic syndrome risk factors on oral health and to identify the relationship between these. and then, a basis data propose for integrative health promotion programs development and effective Management measures. Methods : The subjects were 4,600 workers working at a industrial place in North Gyeongsang Province, data were collected from July 13, 2010 to September 12, 2010. using the results of the subjects medical check-ups and Oral examinations, this study was performed. collected data included workers general characteristics, job characteristics, and smoking, drinking, exercise behavior as lifestyle factors, and waist measurement, fasting blood sugar level, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, the level of Triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol as metabolic syndrome risk factor indicator. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square test, correlation analysis, logistic regression using SPSS 18.0. Results : In results of the subjects medical check-ups, 14.1% were above the criterion value of waist measurement, 2.5% fasting blood sugar level, 8.5% hypertension, 16.8% Triglyceride level and 4.0% HDL-cholesterol respectively. according to oral examination results, showing that 43.3% inflammation of the gums. The inflammation of the gums was correlated with gender, age, dental clinic visit, scaling management, smoking, exercise behavior and high triglyceride level and hypertension of metabolic syndrome risk factor indicators. In addition, this result was statistically significant. Conclusions : Based on this study, the workers health should be managed actively and effectively by using periodical workers health check-ups. At a corporate level, the institutional supports were achieved and arranged for activation of regular oral health education programs, and the prevention plan of metabolic syndrome were needed for changing exercise behavior by conducting suitable exercise programs.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.392-402
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• 2009

Purpose : First, this study is to look into difference between dental hygienists' demographic characteristics and their job satisfaction by examining their demographic characteristics and job satisfaction. Second, this study is to analyze demographic factors of dental hygienists which influence their job satisfaction. Method : This study was made through mail survey with questionnaires for dental hygienists who are personally performing dental hygienist duties at dental clinics in Seoul between June 19 and July 24, 2008 by looking into factors influencing dental hygienists' job satisfaction in order to provide them as background data to enhance their job satisfaction. Total 180 questionnaires were distributed, and among these, 156 questionnaires excluding 24 questions of incomplete responses were statistically analyzed with SPSS 12.0. Result : First, the total mean of dental hygienists' job satisfaction was found to be 2.99 points out of 5 points, and that of their autonomy to be the highest as 3.26, and that of their salary to be the lowest as 2.55. Second, for relation between general characteristics and job satisfaction of dental hygienists, significant difference was found just in job experience(p<0.05), current position(p<0.05), average salary(p<0.001), and the expected period of engagement in dental hygienist duties(p<0.01). Third, descriptive power on demographic characteristics, which were used as an independent variable influencing their job satisfaction, was found to be 17.7%, and among the said factors, average salary had a statistically significant effect on their job satisfaction(p<0.01). Conclusion : The point of salary factor was lowest among 5 factors composing dental hygienists' job satisfaction, and as a result of multiple regression analysis, a factor influencing job satisfaction was average salary. Therefore salary system is required to be improved in order to increase their job satisfaction, and further studies on factors influencing their job satisfaction are also required to be made.