• 광물과 암석
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2020

천연산 일라이트(K_0.65Al₂(Al_0.65Si_3.35)O₁₀(OH)₂) 분말 시료에 대해 물과 알코올(메탄올:에탄올 = 4:1 체적비, ME41)의 두 가지 압력매개체를 이용한 다이아몬드앤빌셀 고압 회절실험을 진행하였다. 물을 이용한 실험에서는 층간 유입을 유도하기 위해 약 250℃까지 열을 가하는 과정을 거치며 최대 약 2.7 GPa까지 압력을 가하였고, 알코올을 이용한 실험에서는 상온에서 최대 약 6.9 GPa까지 가압하면서 방사광 분말 회절법을 통해 시료의 압축특성을 관찰하였다. 위와 같은 조건에서는 층간의 확장이나 상전이는 관찰되지 않았다. 물과 알코올의 서로 다른 압력매개체 하에서 압축된 일라이트의 체적탄성률(K₀)은 각각 45(3) GPa와 51(3) GPa로 도출되어 오차범위 내에서 크게 다르지 않음을 확인하였다. 또한 회절자료 분석결과 격자상수에 따른 선형압축률은 알코올 압력매개체일 때 β^a, β^b, β^c의 값이 각각 0.0025 GPa^-1, 0.0029 GPa^-1, 0.0144 GPa^-1로 도출되어 c-축의 압축률이 약 6배 큰 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구에서 확인된 일라이트의 체적탄성률 및 선형압축률을 일라이트와 구조적으로 유사한 백운모와 비교하였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 1973

$C_{\small{OULOMB}}$과 $R_{\small{ANKINE}}$의 토압론(土壓論)에 기초(基礎)하여 중력식구조물(重力式構造物)이나 deflection 성구조물(性構造物)에 흔히 발생(發生)한 B형변위(型變位)에 대하여 연구고찰(硏究考察)함으로써 식(式) $$E=1/2\;H^2\frac{sin(u-{\varepsilon})cos({\alpha}+{\varepsilon})}{cos(u+{\alpha})}{\cdot}cot(u+{\rho})$$을 얻었는데 이식(式)은 토압재분배(土壓再分配)를 고찰(考察)한 식(式)이므로 실용도(實用度)가 높으리라 생각되며 본식(本式)에 의(依)하여 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. 토압(土壓)은 벽고(壁高)의 자승(自乘)에 직비례(直比例)한다. 2. 토압(土壓)은 지표(地表)의 경사도(傾斜度)에 정비례(正比例)하며 벽체(壁體)의 변위(變位)에 반비례(反比例)한다. 3. 토압선도(土壓線圖)는 이차포물선(二次抛物線)으로 분포(分布)한다(그림 5의 b). 4. 토압강도(土壓强度)는 정수압적분포(靜水壓的分布)를 한다(그림 5의 c).

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.936-944
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• 2019

보이지 않는 힘으로도 불리는 잠수함은 수중에서 활동하는 은밀성을 장점으로 대함전, 대잠전 및 핵심표적 타격 등의 임무를 수행하는 전략 수중 무기 체계로 심해에서 높은 수압을 견디며 작전을 수행할 수 있어야 한다. 이러한 관점에서 잠수함 압력 선체는 잠항 깊이에 상응하는 외부 수압에 저항하는 가장 중요한 체계로서 누수, 화재, 충격 및 폭발과 같은 위험으로부터 안전성을 확보함으로써 생존성을 높임과 동시에, 작전 수행 능력을 유지할 수 있게 해주는 강도를 확보하고 있어야 한다. 이를 위해서는 잠수함 압력 선체의 구조형상 설계가 초기에 수행되는 것이 합리적이다. 특히, 함미 원추부 구조물과 압력선체 평형부 및 함미 비압력선체를 연결하는 함미 트랜지션 링의 경우, 설계된 잠수함에 따라 다양한 형상을 띄고 있다. 본 구조물 설계를 위해서는 응력 흐름과 연결성을 고려한 설계뿐만 아니라 복잡한 형상이 기인한 구조물 제작 투입 시수 증가로 인한 원가 상승 또한 검토해야 한다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 4가지 서로 다른 형상을 갖는 함미 트랜지션 링에 대해서 비선형 유한요소해석을 통한 구조 강도 검토와 더불어 함미 트랜지션 링 형상 복잡도에 따른 작업 일수 및 자재비 검토를 통해 경제성 측면에서의 적정성 검토를 수행하였으며, 검토된 4가지 형상 중 가장 합리적인 잠수함 함미 트랜지션 링 형상을 제안하였다.

• Near Infrared Analysis
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2001

A non-invasive spectroscopic method is presented for the measurement of pulmonary edema. Both early diagnosis and quantitative edema estimates were investigated. The spectroscopic determination of pulmonary edema involved the acquisition of diffuse reflectance spectra in the near-infrared (NIR) region with change in water concentration - water is the main constituent of edema fluid. Pulmonary edema was induced into the excised perfused lungs of seven animals by elevating the hydrostatic pressure. Estimates of edema were ascertained from a partial least squares regression of the measured spectral response. Actual edema was determined from the change (increase) in total lung weight. Estimates in relative lung weight increases due to in vitro edema were made with the near infrared spectra. The results revealed that fluid accumulation produced spectral changes in the O-H and C-H absorptions as well as scattering changes in the spectra. Histology of the lung was used to verify the presence or absence of interstitial and alveolar edema. Results demonstrated that near infrared spectroscopy might provide a new tool for clinical assessment of pulmonary edema.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.385-392
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• 2003

Traditional forms of river and coastal structures have become very expensive to build and maintain, because of the shortage of natural rock. Geotextile tubes hydraulically or mechanically filled with dredged materials have been applied in hydraulic and coastal engineering in recent years(shore protection structure, detached breakwater, groins and jetty). Recently, new preliminary design criteria supported by model and prototype tests, and some stability analysis calculations have been studied. In this study, the numerical analysis was performed to investigate the behavior of geotextile tube with various properties of geotextile and hydraulic pumping conditions. Numerical analysis was executed to compare with the results from the large-scale field model tests, and also compared the results of 2-D plane strain analysis and 3-D FEM analysis. A geotextile tube was modeled using the commercial finite element analysis program ABAQUS and the one-quarter of tube was modeled. Behavior of geotextile tube during the hydraulic pumping procedure was analyzed by comparing the large-scale field model test and numerical analysis. The shape variation and maximum tube height between the numerical analysis results and large-scale filed test results are turned out to be a good agreement.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.715-720
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• 2014

Recently, surface texturing technologies have been widely used in lots of industries to increase the machinery efficiency. In this research, the lubrication characteristics of a crank shaft pin turner bearing with dimples were studied. When increasing the dimples, the load carrying capacity due to the increased pressure was increased because those have sealing effects. Also, the run-out error of the bearing was decreased. Therefore, it is important to consider the depth, the number and the distribution of dimples when designing the hydrostatic journal bearing.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.409-413
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• 2005

Even though the relative importance of length scale of flow system allow us to simplify three dimensional flow problem to one or two dimensional representation, many systems still require three dimensional analysis. The objective of this study is to develop an efficient and accurate finite element model for analyzing and predicting three dimensional flow features in natural rivers and to offend to model spreading of pollutants and transport of sediments in the future. Firstly, three dimensional Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the hydrostatic pressure assumption in generalized curvilinear coordinates were combined with the kinematic free-surface condition. Secondly. to simulate realistic high Reynolds number flow, the model employed the Streamline Upwind/Petrov-Galerkin(SU/PG) scheme as a weighting function for the finite element method in conjunction with an appropriate turbulence model(Smagorinsky scheme for the horizontal plain and Mellor-Yamada scheme for the vertical direction). Several tests is performed for the purpose of validation and verification of the developed model. A simple rectangular channel, 5-shaped and U-shaped channel are used for tests and comparisons are made with RMA-10 model. Runs for each case is converged stably without a oscillation and calculated water-surface deformation, longitudinal and transversal velocities, and velocity vector fields are in good agreement with the results of RMA-10 model.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2017

When an anchor is dropped into the sea, there exists a danger of collision on the pipeline and subsea cables in the seabed. This collision could cause huge environmental disasters and serious economic losses. In order to secure the safety of subsea structures such as pipelines and subsea cables from the external impact, it is necessary to estimate the exact external force through the anchor's terminal velocity on the water. FLUENT, a computational fluid dynamic program, was used to acquire the terminal velocity and drag coefficient computation. A half-symmetry condition was used in order to reduce the computational time and a moving deforming mesh technique also adapted to present hydrostatic pressure. The results were examined with the equation based on Newton's Second Law to check the error rate. In this study, three example cases were calculated by stockless anchors of 5.25 ton, 10.5 ton, and 15.4 ton, and for the onshore experiment dropped height was back calculated with the anchor's terminal velocity in the water.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.737-755
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• 2013

This paper aims to develop a practical approach to modeling of fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) strengthened masonry panels. The main objective is to provide suitable relations for the material characterization of the masonry constituents so that the finite element applications of elasto-plastic theory achieves a close fit to the experimental load-displacement diagrams of the walls subjected to in-plane shear and compression. Two relations proposed for masonry columns confined with FRP are adjusted for the cohesion and the internal friction angle of both units and mortar. Relating the mechanical parameters to the uniaxial compression strength and the hydrostatic pressure acting over the wall surface, the effects of major and intermediate principal stresses ${\sigma}_1$ and ${\sigma}_2$ on the yielding and the shape of the deviatoric section are then reflected into the analyses. Performing nonlinear finite element analyses (NLFEA) for the three walls tested in two different studies, their stress-strain response and failure modes are eventually evaluated through the comparisons with the experimental behavior.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.137-144
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• 1996

Durable softening water repellents such as PODCW, PDDCW, and PEDCW were prepared by blending cationized polymers, fatty carbamide, waxes, and emulsifiers. The cationized polymers included poly (octadecyl methacrylate-co-2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) [PODC], poly (n-dodecyl methacrylate-co-2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) [PDDC]and poly (2-ethylhexyl methacrylate-co-2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) [PEDC]. After the PET fabrics were treated with these water repellents, water repellency, softness, and durability of the PET fabrics were examined by various methods : water repellency by the hydrostatic pressure and the contact angle methods, softness by crease recovery and tearing strength, and durability by washability, respectively. Rating of water repellency of PET fabrics treated with PODCW was $80^{+}$, but those treated with PDDCW and PEDCW were not high enough to be used in industry.