• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.2-11
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• 1990

오-스테나이트계 스테인레스강을 용접육성한 강판의 박리균열의 원인에 대하여 강중의 수소거동을 중심으로 고찰해 보았다. 강중의 수소온도 분포를 추정하는데는 확산 방정식을 기초로하여 수치해석이 유력하며 그 기초적사항에 대해 제문헌을 인용하여 설명했으며, 또 시험편에 대하여 계산과 실험치의 결과를 이용하여 비교하였다. 이들로부터 박리균열의 발생에 대한 미시적 임계조건을 도출하여, 이들이 한정된 실험의 범위내이지만 실증할 수 있음을 나타내었다. 그러나 박리균열의 원인의 하나인 잔류응력에 대해서는 아직 불명한 점이 많으나, 냉각속도에 따라 변화하며 그것이 수소농도라고 하는 관점에서 미시적 임계조건에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 1988

The principe and practice of pulse plating, and prospect in the future on pulse plating are reviewed. Some of the advantages of pulse pulse plating are detailed as compared with DC plating. The advantages of pulse plating are summarized as follows: 1)smooth and fine grained deposits 2) reduction in hydrogen embrittlement of deposits 3) reduction of residual stress and microcracks in the deposit 4) improvement of physical properties 5) uniform alloy composition through the deposit thinkness 6) improved thrower and adhesion.

• 멤브레인
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.140-145
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• 2024

에너지 패러다임의 변화가 요구되는 현대에 수소는 매력적인 에너지원이다. 이러한 수소를 정제하는 기술 중에서 분리막을 이용한 기술은 저비용으로 고순도의 수소를 정제할 수 있는 기술로 주목받고 있다. 그러나 수소 분리 성능이 뛰어난 팔라듐(Pd)은 가격이 매우 비싸 이를 대체한 소재가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 수소 투과 성능은 좋으나 수소 취성에 약한 니오븀(Nb)과 수소 투과 성능은 떨어지나 내구성이 뛰어난 니켈(Ni)과 지르코늄(Zr)을 혼합한 합금으로 분리막을 제조하여 1~4 bar, 350~450 ℃ 조건에서 수소 투과 특성을 확인하였다. Pd를 코팅하지 않은 Ni₄₈Nb₃₂Zr₂₀ 분리막의 경우 최대 0.69 ml/cm²/min의 투과량을 보였으며, Pd가 코팅된 경우에는 최대 13.05 ml/cm²/min의 투과량을 보였다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.114.1-114.1
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• 2010

A highly performed Pd-based hydrogen membrane has prepared successfully on a modified porous nickel support. The porous nickel support modified by impregnation method of $Al(NO_3)_3{\cdot}9H_2O$ (Aldrich Co.) over the nickel powder showed a strong resistance to hydrogen embrittlement and thermal stability. Plasma surface modification treatment was introduced as a pre-treatment process instead of conventional HCl wet activation. Ceramic barrier was coated on the external surface of the prepared nickel supports to prevent intermetallic diffusion and to enhance the affinity between the support and membrane. Palladium and copper were deposited at thicknesses of $4\mu}m$ and $0.5{\mu}m$, respectively, on a barrier-coated support by DC sputtering process. The permeation measurement was performed in pure hydrogen at $400^{\circ}C$. The single gas permeation of our membrane was two times higher than that of the previous membrane which do not have ceramic barrier.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.196-203
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• 2021

To improve corrosion resistance and reduce the hydrogen uptake of 22MnB5, up to 5% Mg was added to the AlSi coating of 22MnB5. After hot-stamping and electrocoating were done on the metallic-coated specimen, the surface characteristics of the steel, hydrogen uptake content, and corrosion resistance were examined by transmittance electron microscopy, thermal desorption spectrometry, cyclic corrosion testing, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Mg was investigated as MgO on the surface layer after hot-stamping while it existed as Mg₂Si before hot-stamping. The total hydrogen content of 22MnB5 was decreased along with the Mg content. However, there was no difference at 0.2 wt% or more. When a small amount of Mg was added, the coating corrosion resistance was decreased, but when it was added at around 1.0 wt%, the greatest corrosion resistance increase was seen. However, when 3 wt% or more was added excessively, the corrosion resistance was decreased. MgO on the surface was considered to suppress H uptake by the AlSi melting solution and increase the barrier effect of the coating.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.974-980
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• 2014

Aluminum acts as sacrificial anode and corrosion protection with Al2O3 formation. If the same current on material for Al ships with steel ships supplies, the more hydrogen would be occurred, that result is bring about over-protection. For this reason, the damage by hydrogen embrittlement leads to the serious accident. In this study, we evaluate electrochemical behavior with rotation speed of 5083-H116 Al alloy material for Al ship in seawater. To examine the electrochemical characteristics with rotation speed and its effects on performance, experiments were conducted at four rotation speed. Results of experiments, the corrosion current density and damage were increased by applying the rotation speed compared to static state.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2016

Light metal alloys of Mg, Ti, and Al undergo environmentally assisted cracking (EAC). Passive film breakdown and pitting are not only precursor events for stress corrosion, but can accelerate hydrogen evolution that is responsible for hydrogen embrittlement. This is clearly demonstrated in the case of Mg and Ti alloys. The so-called innocuous precipitates, which do not directly participate in either alloy strengthening or EAC can be effective precursors for initiating EAC. This aspect is highlighted using high strength aluminium alloys. Such behaviours lead to a paradigm shift in the design of alloys with resistance to EAC.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제46권12호
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• pp.780-787
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• 2008

For the advanced high strength steels (AHSS), high-manganese TWIP (twinning induced plasticity) steels exhibit high tensile strength (800-1000 MPa) and high elongation (50-60%). However, the TWIP steels need to be understood of delayed fracture following the cup drawing test. Among the factors to cause delayed fracture, i.e, martensite transformation, hydrogen embrittlement and residual stress, the effects of martensite transformation (${\gamma}{\rightarrow}{\varepsilon}$ or ${\gamma}{\rightarrow}{\alpha}^{\prime}$) were investigated on the delayed fracture phenomenon. Microstructural phase analysis was conducted for cold rolled (20, 60, 80% reduction ratio) steels and tensile deformed (20, 40, 60% strain) steels. For the Al-added TWIP steels, no martensite phase was found in the cold rolled and tensile deformed specimen. But, the TWIP steels with no Al addition indicated the martensite transformation. The cup drawing specimens showed the martensite transformation irrespective of the Al-addition to the TWIP steel. However, the TWIP steel with no Al exhibited the larger amount of martensite than the case of the TWIP steel with Al addition. For the reason, it was possible to conclude that the Al addition suppressed the martensite transformation in TWIP steels, therefore preventing the delayed fracture effectively. However, it was interesting to note that the mechanism of delayed fracture should be incorporated with hydrogen embrittlement and/or residual stress as well as the martensite transformation.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.637-646
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• 2016

실온에서 인코넬 718의 UNSM(Ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification)처리재, 수소취화재(100 bar, $300^{\circ}C$에서 120 h) 및 수소취화재의 UNSM처리재의 회전굽힘피로시험에 의해 얻어진 결과, 수소취화재는 미처리재의 S-N곡선보다 피로수명이 약 10~20 % 감소하며 부식피로나 비철재료처럼 피로한도 없이 점진적으로 감소하였다. 표면균열수는 수소취화의 영향으로 평균입경($13{\mu}m$)보다 작은 균열의 비율이 약 80 %를 차지하였다. 결정입계, 표면 흠 등에 수소침투에 의한 취화현상으로 티어링(tearing)하면서 복수로 발생한 작은 표면균열은 불규칙적으로 분포하며 티어링하면서 성장, 합체되어 피로수명이 감소하는 것으로 추정된다. 미처리재에 비해서 UNSM처리재의 피로수명은 전 영역에서 크게 증가하였고, 수소취화된 시험편을 UNSM 처리한 후 피로시험을 실시하면 700 MPa에서 10배 이상, 600 MPa에서 20배 이상 증가하였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1998

While excellent joint quality has been obtained using dry chamber underwater welding methods, the size limitations imposed by this process restrict its use for underwater construction work. The wet underwater shielded metal-arc welding eliminates this restriction but suffers from poor weld properties by the 1-pass bead-on-plate welding due to the excessive diffusible hydrogen. On the other hand, in the wet underwater welding, it is well known that the quantity of diffusible hydrogen in multi-pass welded parts reduce to less than that in 1-pass welded parts. Therefore, in this paper, welding experiments are made the 3-pass bead-on-plate welds by using TMCP and normalized steel plates and E4301 and cellulose coated electrode. After that, The amounts of the hydrogen absorbed into the 3-pass welded area were measured according to the JIS Z 3118 specification. The microstructural changes as well as the microhardness distribution after the underwater 3-pass welding were also investigated using Vickers microhardness tester and S.E.M and O.M. The results indicated that the quantity of diffusible hydrogen in 3-pass welded areas was reduced little less than a half of one of that in 1-pass welded areas at the specific welding condition. As a result, the cold cracking of 3-pass welded areas decreased by reduced effect of diffusible hydrogen. In the underwater 3-pass welding, the micrography of cold cracking fracture surface showed mainly the cleavage of hydrogen embrittlement.