• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.179-190
• /
• 2011

The swirling flow developing in Francis turbine draft tube under part load operation leads to pressure fluctuations usually in the range of 0.2 to 0.4 times the runner rotational frequency resulting from the so-called vortex breakdown. For low cavitation number, the flow features a cavitation vortex rope animated with precession motion. Under given conditions, these pressure fluctuations may lead to undesirable pressure fluctuations in the entire hydraulic system and also produce active power oscillations. For the upper part load range, between 0.7 and 0.85 times the best efficiency discharge, pressure fluctuations may appear in a higher frequency range of 2 to 4 times the runner rotational speed and feature modulations with vortex rope precession. It has been pointed out that for this particular operating point, the vortex rope features elliptical cross section and is animated of a self-rotation. This paper presents an experimental investigation focusing on this peculiar phenomenon, defined as the upper part load vortex rope. The experimental investigation is carried out on a high specific speed Francis turbine scale model installed on a test rig of the EPFL Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines. The selected operating point corresponds to a discharge of 0.83 times the best efficiency discharge. Observations of the cavitation vortex carried out with high speed camera have been recorded and synchronized with pressure fluctuations measurements at the draft tube cone. First, the vortex rope self rotation frequency is evidenced and the related frequency is deduced. Then, the influence of the sigma cavitation number on vortex rope shape and pressure fluctuations is presented. The waterfall diagram of the pressure fluctuations evidences resonance effects with the hydraulic circuit. The influence of outlet bubble cavitation and air injection is also investigated for low cavitation number. The time evolution of the vortex rope volume is compared with pressure fluctuations time evolution using image processing. Finally, the influence of the Froude number on the vortex rope shape and the associated pressure fluctuations is analyzed by varying the rotational speed.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 유체기계공업학회 2004년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.655-659
• /
• 2004

Performance tests of the fuel pump for a turbopump unit have been successfully carried out in water environment. The tests are performed to evaluate the hydraulic and cavitation performances. The head and volute pressure distribution of the fuel pump followed the conventional similarity rule - unlike this, the secondary passage pressure distribution showed a small deviation from the conventional similarity rule. Also, critical cavitation number decreased as the rotational speed of the pump increased.

• 전기학회논문지P
• /
• 제59권1호
• /
• pp.77-82
• /
• 2010

This study evaluated the characteristics and reliability of an auger crane with a built-in hydraulic extender. The field test of the hydraulic extender was performed with the hydraulic lines filled with hydraulic fluid and free of air. The pressure generated during the test was measured with a digital pressure gauge. The crane was considered to have undergone one cycle of the excavation process after it had performed excavation under three conditions at the same location. This process was performed three times in total. From the results of the excavation using the hydraulic extender, it was found that the maximum pressure and torque measured were 19.9 [MPa] and 895.4 [$kgf{\cdot}m$], respectively. The rotation force of the auger crane generated at this time signifies a horizontal force. If the excavation diameter of the auger crane is increased, the rotation speed is reduced causing the circumferential speed to also be reduced. The torsional shear stress of the extendable auger crane was calculated to be approximately 23.5 [MPa]. However, the rotation shaft material used for this system was carbon steel for machine structural use (SM45C). Since the minimum torsional yield stress is greater than 150 [MPa] according to KS D 3752, it means the equipment has secured a safety factor greater than 6. Therefore, it was found that when performing work using the extendable auger crane, it exhibited no problems with the safety and reliability of its shaft.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2016

The Second Shutdown Drive Mechanism (SSDM) provides an alternate and independent means of reactor shutdown. The Second Shutdown Rods (SSRs) of SSDMs are poised at the top of the core by the hydraulic force driven from a hydraulic system during normal operation. The rods drop by gravity when a trip is commended by a Reactor Protection System, Alternate Protection System, Automatic Seismic Trip System or operator by means of power off solenoid valves of hydraulic system. This paper describes the test results of seismic qualification of a prototype SSDM hydraulic system to demonstrate that its structural integrity and operability (functionality) are maintained during and after seismic excitations, that is, an adequacy of the SSDM design. From the results, this paper shows that the SSDM hydraulic system satisfies all its design requirements without any malfunctions during and after seismic excitations.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.139-147
• /
• 2016

Performances of urethane packing in the hydraulic breaker were analyzed using a finite element method. Because of high temperature and high pressure in the hydraulic breaker, it is better to use urethane rather than rubber as a packing material. We obtained the physical properties of urethane at elevated temperature by the tensile test. We analyzed buffer seal and U-packing maintaining the pressure and preventing oil leakage. Deformation, stress distribution, contact length, contact pressure of packing at each pressure step were obtained using finite element analysis. As the temperature increases, stress and contact force tend to decrease at low pressure. As the gap between piston and cylinder increases, contact length and contact forces decrease. Consequently, it is possible to design the packing section using these analyses, and construct a system to predict the possibility of oil leakage in the hydraulic breaker.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.43-48
• /
• 2018

The hydraulic control valve, used in the CPB (cold-pad-Batch) cold dyeing system, passes through a pressurized material that absorbs the dye. The hydraulic control of the hydraulic control panel shall be driven in a uniform and precisely controlled manner, as it interferes directly with the dyschromatism. In this study, an acceleration test model was employed to verify the durability of the hydraulic control of the hydraulic control panel, which was manufactured by the scenic model, and the pre-roll angle was analyzed before the performance of acceleration test. Based on the change in the amount of deformation of the padder roll the durability of the padder roll was analyzed along with verification of the durability of the skin and the rubber coating in contact with the fabric. Furthermore, the accelerated test method used for hydraulic controlled multi-cell padder rolls was verified.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.211-216
• /
• 2015

차체중량이 90 ton인 초대형 유압굴삭기에서는 유압시스템의 효율향상을 통한 연비개선을 위해서 유압펌프 구동용 기어박스(hydraulic pump driving gear box)를 사용하여 다수(3~6개)의 펌프를 병렬로 장착하여 사용한다. 펌프 구동 기어 박스는 굴삭기의 대형엔진과 연결되는 입력 축 1개로 기계적 동력인 회전수와 토크를 공급받아 고압펌프와 저압펌프에서로 다른 기계적 출력을 공급하게 된다. 따라서 펌프 구동 기어박스는 굴삭기의 대동맥과 같으며, 엔진이 가동되는 시간동안 지속적으로 펌프를 구동함으로서 장 수명이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 큰 시험동력(600kw)이 요구되는 수명평가에서 에너지절감을 위한 전기 회생식 시험 장비를 구축하여 높은 에너지 절감과 수명시험을 수행하면서 기어박스의 마모 특성을 분석하는 방법으로 윤활유 오염 입자 분석과 기어파손 유무를 검증하는 방법으로 진동분석 방법을 사용하였다.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.32-37
• /
• 2021

The piston reservoir is mainly used in hydraulic blow-down system for aerospace engineering. The reservoir is heavy due to both hydraulic cylinder and piston in pressurization. The positive expulsion tank with rubber diaphragm has been mostly applied propellant and fuel tank at low pressure to satellites. To reduce weight, the reservoir that can be used at high pressure with rubber diaphragm was developed. In this research, the prediction of life-time for the rubber diaphragm was implemented through an accelerated life test, as a part of development of new reservoir. Also, the diaphragm was stored in an temperature chamber at the same condition as and operation with hydraulic oil. As a result, the life-time for a rubber diaphragm was successfully evaluated via Arrhenius law and Time-Temperature Superposition based on failure times over temperatures in the accelerated test.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제26권8호
• /
• pp.1565-1576
• /
• 2002

By way of driving a 2-way on/off solenoid hydraulic valve with a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal, control of the pressure in a certain volume is frequently used in various applications. However, the pressure built-up according to the duty ratio and carrier frequency of the PWM signal is not so well understood. In order to clarify the characteristics of 2-way valve hydraulic pressure control systems, in this paper two formula fur the mean and ripple of the load pressure were derived through theoretical analysis. And the accuracy of the derived formula were verified by comparison with the experimental test result. Generally 2-way valve systems are constructed as a bleed-off circuit, while 3-way valves are used as a control element in a meter-in circuit pressure control system. In a bleed-off circuit, the system supply pressure from a hydraulic power pack does not remain constant, but changes according to their external load. In turn, the relief valve in the hydraulic power pack reacts accordingly showing complicated dynamic behavior, which makes an analytical study difficult. In order to resolve the problem, simple but accurate empirical dynamic models fer a bleed-off system were used in the course of formula derivation. As the result, selection criteria for two major control parameters of the driving signal is established and the basic strategy to suppress the unnecessary pressure fluctuation can be provided for a hydraulic pressure control system using a 2-way on/off solenoid valve.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 전력전자학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.160-162
• /
• 2008

This paper presents the practical pressure control of hydraulic oil-pump system using SR drive for industrial application. In order to get a high performance of pressure dynamics in actual application, a data based PID control scheme is proposed in this paper. The look-up table from pre-measured data produces an approximately proper current reference according to motor speed and oil-pressure. And, PID controller can compensate the pressure error. With the combination of two references, the proposed control scheme can get a fast dynamics and stable operation. Furthermore, the suitable current controller considering the nonlinear characteristics of SRM(Switched Reluctance Motor) and practical test method for data measuring are introduced. The proposed control scheme is verified by the experimental test.