• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2001

Objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of embryonic stage, cryoprotectant, and freezing-thawing method on the rates of survival and development of the cryopreserved mouse early embryo and finally to establish the cryopreservation method of surplus embryos obtained during assisted reproductive technology (ART). Materials and Methods: Two to eight cell embryos were obtained from oviducts of mated $F_1$ hybrid female mice superovulated by pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Two-step 1,2-propanediol (PROH), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and 4-step PROH DMSO were used as cryoprotectant and dehydration and rehydration method of embryos, and slow-cooling or rapid-cooling method was used as frozen program. The survival rates of embryos were measured after thawing and rehydration, and the developmental rates of embryos were compared and observed during culturing embryos for 24, 48, 72, 96 hrs. Results: As for the survival and development rates of embryos according to embryonic stage, the survival rate of 2 cell stage in PROH and DMSO was significantly higher than 4-8 cell (64.5% versus 62.1 %,79.7% versus 73.2%) (p<0.01, p<0.01), but the development rates of 4-8 cell embryos in PROH and DMSO were significantly higher than 2 cell embryos for whole culture period (p<0.01) and the development rates of 4-8 cell embryos in PROH were significantly higher than 2 cell embryos in DMSO (p<0.01). As for the survival and development rates of embryos according to cryoprotectant, the survival rate of 2 cell embryo in DMSO was significantly higher than that in PROH (74.4% versus 64.5%) (p<0.01), whereas the development rate of embryos was not differ till 24 hrs. The developmen1 rate from morular to hatching blastocyst, however, was significantly higher in PROH than in DMSO during 48 hr (p<0.01). The survival rate of 4-8 cell embryo was 62.1% in PROH and 73.2% in DMSO. The development rates of embryo in PROH were significantly higher for whole culture periods (p<0.01, 0.05). In respect to the effect of freezing and thawing program on the survival and development rates of embryos, method of slow cooling and rapid thawing was more effective than that of rapid cooling and rapid thawing. Conclusions: The survival rate of embryo in 2 cell stage was higher than in 4-8 cell stage, and PROH appears more effective cryoprotectant than DMSO because PROH showed better development rates of embryos in 2 and 4-8 cell stage. Moreover, slow cooling and rapid thawing method was considered as the best cryopreservation program.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권14호
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• pp.6093-6097
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• 2015

Background: HPV DNA testing has been recently introduced as an adjunct test to cytology in the follow-up of patients after treatment for cervical lesions using the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of HPV testing in the detection of persistent or recurrent disease after LEEP in patients with cervical epithelial lesions in northern Thailand. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent LEEP as a treatment for histological low-grade (LSIL) or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or worse at Chiang Mai University Hospital between June 2010 and May 2012 were included. Follow-ups were scheduled at 6-month intervals and continued for 2 years using co-testing (liquid-based cytology and Hybrid Capture 2 [HC2]) at 6 months and 24 months and liquid-based cytology alone at 12 and 18 months. Results: Of 98 patients included, the histological diagnoses for LEEP included LSIL in 16 patients, and HSIL or worse in 82 patients. The LEEP margin status was negative in 84 patients (85.7%). At follow-up, 10 patients (10.2%) had persistent/recurrent lesions; 4 among LSIL patients (25.0%) and 6 in the group with HSIL or worse (7.3%). Only 2 of 82 patients (2.4%) with HSIL or worse diagnoses had histological HSIL in the persistent/recurrent lesions. Using histologically confirmed LSIL as the threshold for the detection of persistent/recurrent disease, cytology had a higher sensitivity than HC2 (90.0% versus 70.0%). At the 6-month follow-up appointment, combined cytology and HC2 (co-testing) had a higher sensitivity in predicting persistent/recurrent disease (80.0%) compared with that of cytology alone (70.0%) and HC2 (50.0%). Conclusions: After LEEP with a negative surgical margin, the rate of persistent/recurrent lesions is low. The addition of HPV testing at the 6-month visit to the usual cytology schedule may be an effective approach in the follow-up after LEEP.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.4297-4302
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• 2015

Background: To evaluate HPV testing by Hybrid Capture II (HCII) in conjunction with cytology in detecting the residual/recurrence disease after treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II-III) with loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 158 patients with histologically confirmed CIN II-III who underwent LEEP between January 2011 and October 2012 was conducted. Post-treatment control was scheduled at the 3rd, 6th, 12th and 18th month. All patients were followed up by Pap smear and HR-HPV genotype and viral load testing. Results: Pre-treatment, HR-HPV DNA, was detected in all specimens of the patients. At follow-up, 25 patients were diagnosed as the residual/recurrent disease during the FU visit, among whom, 16 patients with positive margin: 13 patients (52%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology+, 2 patients (8%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology-, 1 patient (4%) with cytology+/HR-HPV DNA-; 9 patients with clean margin - 5 patients (55.6%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology+; 2 patients (22.2%) with HRHPV DNA+/cytology-, 2 patients (22.2%) with cytology+/HR-HPV DNA-. None of them persisting HR-HPV DNA-/cytology-with positive or negative margin was identified as the residual/recurrent disease. The majority of residual/recurrent disease was detected at the 12th and 18th month FU, and there was almost no difference in the sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) between at the 3rd month and the 6th month FU visits. 14 residual/recurrence disease (14/46:30.4%) had pre-treatment high viral load (>5 000 RUL/PC) and 11 (11/112, 9.8%) with pre-treatment low viral load, P<0.05. Conclusions: (1) The persistence HR-HPV DNA is the root cause of the residual/recurrent disease for the women treated for high-grade CIN; the pre-treatment viral load and margin can be seen as the predictor. (2) The FU visit beginning at the 6th month post-treatment and lasting at least 24 months with the combination of cytology and HPV testing. (3) Patients with high pre-treatment HPV load, which is considered as one risk of developing the residual/recurrent disease, should be paid more attention (especially above 500RUL/PC) to by clinicians.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.100-108
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 아라미드섬유의 표면개질에 의한 시멘트 복합재료의 강도특성 및 내충격성능의 향상효과를 평가하는 것이다. 단섬유 형태의 아라미드섬유를 섬유길이와 섬유의 표면유제처리율을 달리하여 시멘트 복합재료에 혼입하였다. 아라미드섬유보강 시멘트 복합재료의 강도특성은 섬유의 혼입율, 섬유의 표면유제처리율, 섬유의 길이에 따라 다르게 나타났으며, 특히, 동일한 섬유혼입율 및 섬유길이에 대한 인장강도 및 휨강도는 섬유의 표면유제처리율을 증가시킨 시험체가 향상되는 경향을 확인하였다. 이러한 정적 강도특성 결과는 고속비상체의 충돌에 의한 내충격성능에도 영향을 미쳤으며, 아라미드섬유의 표면유제처리율이 증가함에 따라 배면박리가 억제되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 하지만, 아라미드섬유를 섬유보강 시멘트 복합재료용 보강재로 활용하기 위해서는 섬유와 시멘트 복합재료간의 분산능력 및 부착효율을 향상시켜야 할 것으로 판단된다. 이는 아라미드섬유의 표면특성을 소수성으로 개질하는 것에 의해 가능할 것으로 사료되며, 1.2 %이상의 표면유제처리율 및 성능개선에 대해서는 추가적인 검토가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 아라미드섬유와 후크형 강섬유를 하이브리드 한 시험체의 경우, 강도특성 및 내충격성능의 향상효과는 강섬유의 기여도가 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.87-100
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• 2007

This study aims at analyzing the characteristics of deconestructionism expressed in Issey Myake's fashion who is one of the most creative designers in the world. Method and contents of this study are as follows. Through the review of literatures, three major categories such as interminacy of meaning, decentring, and intertextuality and eight subcategories have been identified as major features of deconestructionism. These subcategories for content analysis were selected to examine the characteristics of deconstructionism expressed in Issey Myake's design in depth. Interminacy of meaning was divided into unstructured and unconstructed factors while decentring into qualities of cross-gender, subculture, anti-fashion, and post-humanism. Lastly, intertextuality was classified into factors of disordered mixing mode and mixed styles. Materials for analysis were chosen from total 349 designs on the website,www.firstview.com, which carries Issey Miyake's collection from 2002 S/S through 2006 F/W. 2 fashion major analysts including the researcher participated in 1st analysis and two another fashion major analysts participated in 2nd analysis. The final level of consistency between analysts was over 97% for all categories. The data analysis quantitatively evaluates the frequency of each category and qualitatively evaluates the characteristics of design. The result is as follows. First, the avant-garde facets of inter-textuality are most prominent. In particular, Miyake has introduced the various novelly textiles to fashion and employed the mixtured styles, not to copy them but to create hybrid designs by using pastiches and mixing fashion styles. Moreover, he has used various fabrics in order to inflict shock and contrast but still create subtle harmony, thus enriching his fashion. Second, the indeterminacy of meaning is the second most frequently shown facet of Miyake's fashion design. Miyake has employed unconstructed expression techniques, which has projected unusual images free from basic forms of designs and also has used the unstructured styles which dismantle harmony and balance-the common rule of design. He has made a new attempt to acknowledge clothing as an expressive artwork by allowing clothes to take a complete form when a person actually wears them. He has demonstrated a unique perspective on cloth construction and presented a love for artistic collaboration in the development of his collections A distinct manufactured aesthetic is exaggerated, even hyperbolic. Thirdly, the aspects of decentralization were also shown in Miyake's design, however, it has been visibly decreased after 2002 S/S.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.189-195
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• 1999

녹색꽃양배추의 약배양에 영향을 미치는 제 조건을 규명하고 다양한 유전적인 특성을 가진 품종들을 대상으로 다수의 계통을 유기하여 신품종 육성 소재로 이용하고자 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 배지시험 결과 B5배지에 NAA 0.1 mg/L + 2.4-D 0.1mg/L + 당 10% 처리구에서 배상체 발생율이 가장 높았으며 액체배지가 고체배지보다 5배 정도 배발생에 효과적이었다. 약접종 직후 35$^{\circ}C$ 고온처리 일수에 따른 시험에서는 1일처리가 가장 효과적이었으며 시일이 경과할수록 배상체 발생율이 현저히 저하되었다 품종간 배상체 유기율은 Green valient 2.8%에서 Haisi의 21%까지 차이가 심하였으나 이배체율은 62~74%로 품종간 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. Rokguray와 Haisi두 품종 약유래 계통의 포장특성 검정결과 초장, 엽수, 측지수, 화뢰의 지름은 다양한 변이를 보였으며 두 품종에서 유기된 계통들 중 조숙이며 초장이 크고 화뢰의 지름이 큰 계통과 중만생이며 엽수가 많고 화뢰의 지름이 작은 계통을 각각 5계통, 7계통을 선발하여 F$_1$육성 소재로 이용하였다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2005년도 춘계 학술대회
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• pp.476-484
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• 2005

본 논문은 PWR 발전소에서 환경으로 방출된 기체 형태의 $C^{14}$에 의해 발전소 주변 주민이 받을 수 있는 선량을 비교적 정확하게 평가하기 위한 것으로 국내의 선량평가 프로그램에서는 축산물 섭취선량을 평가하기 위해 동물성 전이계수를 적용하고 있지만 전적으로 해외의 자료를 적용하고 있고, 동물의 체적에 따른 영향을 반영하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 동물성 전이계수 관련 자료 및 개발 방법론에 대한 분석을 수행함과 동시에 $C^{14}$ 피폭선량을 평가하였고, 그 결과에 근거하여 국내 환경을 충분히 고려할 수 있는 동물성 전이계수 적용 방안을 도출하였다. CSA 및 KEPRI에서 제시한 자료를 적용하여 $C^{14}$ 피폭선량을 계산한 결과 가장 보수적인 비방사능 모델에 비해 높거나 동일한 결과를 주었는데 이는 물리적으로 타당성이 없는 결과였고, NRC에서 제시한 자료를 적용한 경우 피폭선량은 낮게 나타났지만 동물의 체적변화에 따른 영향을 전혀 반영하지 못하고 있었다. 따라서 경제 성장에 따른 축산물 섭취량 증가와 발전소 주변 환경을 충분히 반영함으로써 $C^{14}$에 의해 발전소 주변 주민이 받을 수 있는 피폭선량을 비교적 정확하고 현실성 있게 평가하기 위해서는 실험을 통해 동물성 전이계수를 제시해야 할 것으로 판단되며 이에 대한 구체적인 실험 방법 및 방안은 제시하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.228-243
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• 1997

The changes of microstructures, morphology of sclerotic dentin and bonding aspects generated by an adhesive resin was investigated. Incisors and premolars showing natural cervical abrasions were collected and conditioned with 10 % phosphoric acid or 10 % maleic acid. The sclerotic dentin specimens were then rinsed and blot-dried and applied with dentin adhesive (All Bond 2) to the conditioned dentin surface. To examine the morphologic change of the sclerotic dentin specimen after etching and bonding procedure, the treated specimens were examined by SEM. To analyze the chemical composition of sclerotic dentin and crystals occluding dentinal tubules, the sclerotic dentin specimen was powdered and examined with X-ray Diffractometer. To investigate the Ca/P weight percent ratio within the dentinal tubules, the sclerotic dentin specimen was fractured perpendicularly to the long axis of the tooth from the center of cervical abrasion lesion and then examined with EDX(Energy Dispersive X-ray) microanalyzer. The results were as follows : 1. The increased width of peritubular dentin and the depositions of the irregular amorphous materials within the dentinal tubules were showed in the sclerotic dentin specimens. 2. After the treatment of sclerotic dentin specimen with 10 % phosphoric acid or 10 % maleic acid, the lateral side of tubules rather than cross-sectional tubule openings was showed exclusively at the incisal and gingival incline of the specimens. 3. After the treatment of sclerotic dentin specimen with 10 % phosphoric acid or 10 % maleic acid, the hybrid layer was not formed evidently and the resin tag was not formed or shortly penetrated into the tubules with the thinner diameter. 4. According to the results of XRD analysis of the sclerotic dentin specimen, Hydroxyapatite and Octacalcium phosphate were predominent, however, Whitlockite crystals were rare. 5. The mean Ca/P weight percent ratio analysed from 5 fractured sclerotic dentin specimens was $2.322{\pm}0.170$ at the intertubular dentin, $1.826{\pm}0.051$ within the dentinal tubule.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.25-33
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• 1978

7 X 7이면교잡에 의한 수도의 양적형질에 대한 Heterosis정도와 조합능력을 검정하기 위하여 몇가지 실험을 한바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 출수일수에 있어서는 교배친의 평균치에 비하여 F_1세대의 전조합의 평균치가 105%의 Heterosis정도를 보이고 BL-1과 밀양1005의 품종이 교배친으로 되어 있는 $_{x}\textrm{F}_1세대에서는 현저한 Heterosis를 나타내었다. 2. 간장에 있어서는 교배조합에 따라서 Heterosis 정도가 다르나 장간종인 Columbia II와 단간종인 Waito가 교배친으로 되어 있는 조합은 Heterosis정도가 높고, Waito가 교배친으로 되어 있는 $_{x}\textrm{F}_1세대에서는 초우성이 나타났으며, 어느조합에 있어서도 $_{x}\textrm{F}_2세대보다 $_{x}\textrm{F}_1세대에서 Heterosis정도가 크게 나타났다. 3. 수장에 있어서도 $_{x}\textrm{F}_1세대에서의 Heterosis정도가 $_{x}\textrm{F}_2세대보다 현저하고 Columbia II, Waito, BL-1, 밀양1005, YR675-153-2-2등이 교배친으로 되어 있는 조합에서는 Heterosis정도가 현저하고 또한 이들 조합의 $_{x}\textrm{F}_1세대에서는 대부분 초우성으로 나타났다. 4. 수수에 었어서도 $_{x}\textrm{F}_1세대에서의 Heterosis정도가 $_{x}\textrm{F}_2세대보다 현저하고, BL-1, Waito, YR67S-153-2-2, 밀양1005가 교배친으로 되어 있는 $_{x}\textrm{F}_1세대와 BL-1과 Waito가 교배친으로 되어 있는 $_{x}\textrm{F}_2세대에서 초우성으로 나타난 조합이 많았다. 5. 지엽장에 있어서는 조합에 따라 Heterosis 정도가 매우 다르나 BL-1과 Waito가 교배친으로 되어 있는 $_{x}\textrm{F}_1, $_{x}\textrm{F}_2세대에서 Heterosis정도가 높고, Waito가 교배친으로 되어 있는 $_{x}\textrm{F}_1세대에서는 초우성으로 나타났다. 6. 지엽폭도 지엽장과 같이 BL-1과 Waito가 교배친으로 되어 있는 조합에 한해서 Heterosis정도가 현저하다. 7. 추출도는 어느 조합에 있어서도 현저한 Heterosis 정도를 나타내었으며, $_{x}\textrm{F}_1세대에서 현저한 초우성을 나타내었다. 8. 천입중에 대한 Heterosis정도는 어느 조합에 있어서도 현저하지 아니하였다. 9. $_{x}\textrm{F}_2세대에서의 입중의 Heterosis정도는 영남조생과 Waito가 교배친으로 되어 있는 조합에 한해서 현저한 Heterosis를 보이고 그중에서도 영남조생\timesIR24 영남조생 \timesColumb II에서는 초우성을 나타내었다

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.375-379
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• 2007

저장기간이 벼 생태형에 따라 미립 특성에 영향하는 정도를 검토하기 위하여 자포니카형, 통일형 및 통일형에서 유래된 1대잡종형의 정조를 $4{\sim}40$개월간 외부환경이 제어되지 않은 종자 저장실에 저장하여 저장기간에 따른 물리화학적 특성 변화에 대하여 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 종자 발아율은 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 낮아졌는데 자포니카형은 16개월 저장시 66.7%, 28개월 저장시 2.5%로 크게 떨어졌고 40개월 후에는 전혀 발아되지 않았으며, 통일형과 1대잡종형은 28개월까지는 뚜렷한 차이가 없었으나 40개월에는 각각 54.0% 및 67.9%로 발아율의 차이를 보였다. 2. 현미 경도는 통일형, 1대잡종형, 자포니카형의 순서로 높았으며 저장기간에 따른 유의한 차이는 없었다. 3. 알카리 붕괴도는 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 증가하는 경향이었으며, 단백질 함량은 완만하게 감소하였고, 아밀로즈 함량은 일정한 경향이 없었다. 4. 전당 함량과 환원당 함량은 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 증가하였는데 저장 28 개월 이내에서 증가폭이 컷고 그 이후는 완만한 증가를 보였다. 5. 전당 함량에 대한 환원당 함량의 비율은 저장기간이 길수록 전당 함량보다는 환원당 함량의 증가가 많아서 비율이 높아졌다.