• Smart Media Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.86-91
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• 2020

The current trend of the education market is the development of the fourth industrial revolution and the development of ICT, and various technologies are developing into edu-tech technology that is integrated into the education system. In particular, the market for edu-tech systems capable of lifelike immersive learning effects in virtual space is expanding. However, education in Korean medicine is not objective because of the absence of educational simulators and systems to train and evaluate acupuncture. In this paper, we propose an acupuncture controller and a human body model to increase the effectiveness of acupuncture point training as a follow-up study of "Design of Acupuncture Contents and Dummy for Acupuncture Point Training System". Through the proposed acupuncture controller and Dummy, the accuracy of acupuncture points for the acupuncture point data matching and content motion recognition rate is presented. In addition, the results of temperature and humidity and temperature change tests for evaluating the environmental reliability of the controller are presented.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.19-27
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• 2009

In this study, Urban Climate Simulation was performed by 3-Dimensional Urban Canopy Model. The characteristics of urban climate were analyzed combining artificial land coverage, building size, heat production from the air conditioning and topographic conditions as physical variables which affects urban climate characteristics. The results are as follows. (1) The aspects of the urban climatal change is derived to be related to the combination of the building coverage ratio, building height and shading area. According to the building height, the highest temperature was increased by $2.1^{\circ}C$ from 2-story to 5-story building and the absolute humidity by 2.1g/kg maximum and the wind velocity by 1.0m/s was decreased from 2-story to 20-story building. (2) Whole heat generation was influenced by the convective sensible heat at the lower building height and by the artificial heat generation at the higher one over 20-story building influence to some extent of the building coverage ratio. The effect of the altitude is not more considerable than the other variables as below $1^{\circ}C$ of the air temperature. In the last, deriving the combination of building coverage and building height is needed to obtain effectiveness of the urban built environment planning at the point of the urban climate. These simulation results need to be constructed as DB which shows urban quantitative thermal characters by the urban physical structure. These can be quantitative base for suggesting combinations of the building and urban planning features at the point of the desirable urban thermal environment as well as analyzing urban climate phenomenon.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.462-469
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• 2008

A regenerative evaporative cooler has been fabricated and tested for the evaluation of cooling performance. The regenerative evaporative cooler is a kind of indirect evaporative cooler comprised of multiple pairs of dry and wet channels. The air flowing through the dry channels is cooled without any change in the humidity and at the outlet of the dry channel a part of air is redirected to the wet channel where the evaporative cooling takes place. The regenerative evaporative cooler fabricated in this study consists of the multiple pairs of finned channels in counterflow arrangement. The fins and heat transfer plates were made of aluminum and brazed for good thermal connection. Thin porous layer coating was applied to the internal surface of the wet channel to improve surface wettability. The regenerative evaporative cooler was placed in a climate chamber and tested at various operation condition. The cooling performance is found greatly influenced by the evaporation water flow rate. To improve the cooling performance, the evaporation water flow rate needs to be minimized as far as the even distribution of the evaporation water is secured. At the inlet condition of $32^{\circ}C$ and 50%RH, the outlet temperature was measured at $22^{\circ}C$ which is well below the inlet wet-bulb temperature of $23.7^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.10-14
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• 2015

Recently, the collection of the sensor data and its analysis become important as the smart buildings equipped with the various sensors appear as a usual scene. The interconnection through the wire cable among the sensors is indispensible because of the information collections such as the temperature, the humidity, and the luminance in the rooms and the hallways for the effective management of the in-building energies. However, these interconnections through the cabling will be very costly, time-consuming, and a difficult task since they will cause some damages to the buildings. Therefore, the interconnections through the unwired connections are required in terms of the deployment effectiveness such as time and cost In this paper, the design and the short sequence operation appropriateness are confirmed through the simulation of the signal measurement system for in-building propagation characteristics based on short signature sequence and the analysis of the system characteristics based on the false alarm probability is performed thereafter.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.177-182
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• 2021

The fourth industrial revolution based on information and communication technology (ICT) becomes the center of society, and the overall industrial structure is also changing significantly. ICT refers to the hardware of information devices and the software technologies required for the operation and information management of these devices, and any means of collecting, producing, processing, preserving, communicating and utilizing them. ICT is integrated into industries and services or combined with new technologies in various fields such as robotics and nanotechnology to connect all products and services to the network. The development of ICT, which continuously creates new products and services, has spread to all sectors of the industry, affecting not only daily life but also the livestock sector recently. In agriculture, ICT technology can reduce production costs by efficiently managing labor and energy because it can improve quality and yield based on data on environmental and growth information such as temperature, humidity, light and soil. In particular, smart livestock is considered suitable for achieving livestock management goals because it can reduce labor force and improve productivity by remotely and automatically managing accurate information necessary for raising and breeding livestock with ICT devices. The purpose of this study is to propose the need for ICT technology by comparing farm productivity before and after ICT is introduced. The method of the study is to compare the productivity before and after the introduction of ICT in Korean beef farms, pig farms, and poultry farms. The effectiveness of the study proved the excellence of ICT technology through the production results before ICT introduction and the productivity improvement case of livestock farms that efficiently operated manpower management and reduced labor force after ICT introduction. The conclusion of this paper is to present the need for smart livestock through ICT adoption through case study results.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.315-325
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• 2022

Reinforced concrete structures are exposed throughout their lifetime to the phenomenon of carbonation, which considerably influences their durability by causing corrosion of the reinforcements. The fight against this phenomenon is usually ensured by anti-carbonation coatings which have the possibility of limiting the permeability to carbon dioxide or with coatings which absorb the CO₂ present in the air. A coating with good crack-bridging (sealing) capacity will prevent water from entering through existing cracks in concrete. Despite the beneficial effect of these coatings, their durability decreases considerably over time with temperature and humidity. In order to use coatings made from local materials, not presenting any danger, available in abundance in our country, very economical and easy to operate is the main objective of this work. This paper aim is to contribute to the formulation of a corrected dune sand-based mortar as an anti-carbonation coating for concrete. The results obtained show that the cement mortar based on dune sand formulated has a very satisfactory compressive strength, a very low water porosity compared to ordinary cement mortar and that this mortar allows an improvement in the protection of the concrete against the carbonation of 60% compared to ordinary cement mortar based on alluvial sand. Moreover, the formulated cement mortars based on dune sand have good adhesion to the concrete support, their adhesion strengths are greater than 1.5MPa recommended by the standards.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.49-54
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• 2008

The experimental of temperature, humidity and velocity was taken from the underground pit which utilized the system of ground heat source quite similar to the cool-pit system. Also, through CFD analysis, one could review the effectiveness of analysis of future alternatives. Furthermore, the temperature range of mock up cool-pit system was analyzed by inputting the weather data of annual average soil temperature provided by KMA(Korea Meteorological Administration) into the fluid simulation of anticipated heat distribution. Firstly, the difference between the temperature of air exhaust of the pit or the temperature of air supply of the compressor room and the experimental data for the month of May from the CFD analysis came out to be $0.6^{\circ}C$ and $0.9^{\circ}C$ respectively with tolerance of 3.1% and 4.7%. Secondly, the difference between the temperature of air exhaust of the Pit or the temperature of air supply of the compressor room and the experimental data for the month of July from the CFD analysis came out to be $0.8^{\circ}C$ and $1.1^{\circ}C$ respectively with tolerance of 3.3% and 4.5%. Thirdly, for the month of May, the difference between the experimental data taken for the air exhaust of the Pit or the air supply of the compressor room and soil temperature provided by KMA for monthly and yearly average temperature of Jeonju region came out be $1.9^{\circ}C$ and $1.8^{\circ}C$ respectively with tolerance of 10.7% and 9.8%. Fourthly, for the month of July, the difference between the experimental data taken for the air exhaust of the Pit or the air supply of the compressor room and soil temperature provided by KMA for monthly and yearly average temperature of Jeonju region came out be $1.1^{\circ}C$ and $1.4^{\circ}C$ respectively with tolerance of 4.5% and 5.8%. The result of above experiments allowed us to establish CFD model set up as a verification tool that is based on experimental data collected within the Pit area. Also, one could confirm the possibility to apply weather data of soil temperature provided by KMA in order to anticipate proper value for CFD analysis.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2015

Korea has four distinct seasons, showing hot and humidity in summer and cold weather lasted in winter. Domestic research on earth work has been developed according to the seasonal characteristics, and most of research topics have focused on the effect of freezing-thawing on the performance of geo-materials. However, the previous research was performed on the ground compacted at room temperature and therefore, the effect of the sub-zero temperature at the time of construction was not fully investigated. The ground characteristics compacted at freezing temperature can be different from those at room temperature and show different characteristics of strength and deformation caused by freezing and thawing. Therefore, the compaction tests on sandy materials were conducted under various temperature at $-3^{\circ}C$ and $-8^{\circ}C$ with various fine contents of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% in weight fraction. The effectiveness of soil compaction at below-freezing temperatures were compared with the compaction at room temperature at $18^{\circ}C$ in terms of the maximum dry unit weight and optimum water contents. Based on the test results, the maximum dry unit weight tends to decrease with the freezing temperature and the relative compaction at $-8^{\circ}C$ can not be satisfied with general specification standard.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.90-98
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to estimate natural dyeing properties of Korean traditional paper (Hanji). Korean traditional paper, which made from bleached bast fiber pulp of Broussonetia kazinoki was used as base paper. As dyestuffs, hot water extractives of Phellodendron amurense bark, Rosa multiflora leaf and stalk, and Rubia cordifolia root and methanol extractives of Lithospermum erytrorhizon root were used. $Al_2(SO_4)_3$ and $Fe(OH)(CH_3COO)_2$ 0.5% solution were used as mordant. Soybean juice (10%), chitosan (0.1%), and skim milk (2%) solutions were used as auxiliary dyeing agents. Accelerated aging treatments of natural dyed Korean traditional papers were undergone at following conditions: exposure temperature, $80^{\circ}C$ relative humidity, 60%; wavelength, 340 nm; UV irradiance, $0.67W/m^2/nm$ exposure time, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Colors, color difference, and color fastness were examined for estimation of natural dyeing characteristics. The auxiliary dyeing agents treated Korean traditional papers were more superior the dyeing effectiveness about dyestuffs than untreated Korean traditional papers. The dyeing effectiveness of soybean juice treated Korean traditional paper was superior to the others. The color fastness of Korean traditional paper, which was dyed with Rubia cordifolia root extractives, was most inferior to the others.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sealer placement in simulated root canal extensions. Forty resin blocks were attained from the Endo-training Bloc. In each block. The simulated root canal was made with $\#20$, 80taper GT file. After each block was longitudinally split into two halves, a standardized groove was prepared on one canal wall of two halves to simulate the canal extensions with various irregularities. The two halves of each block were assembled and all simulated root canals were obturated by single cone method with AH26 sealer. Four different methods of sealer placement were used: group A, $\#20$ K-file; group B, ultrasonic file; group C, lentulo spiral; group D, EZ-Fill bi-directional spiral. All obturated blocks were stored in $100\%$ humidity at $37^{\circ}C$ for 1 week, Using a low speed saw, each block was sectioned horizontally. Images of the sections were taken using a stereomicroscope at $\times$ 30 magnification and a digital camera. The amount of the sealer in the groove was evaluated using a scoring system, a higher score indicated better sealing effectiveness. The data was statistically analysed by Fisher's Exact Test. The sealing score was the lowest, specially at the middle area of canal extensions in group A, and that was statistically significant difference from other groups. In conclusion, the ultrasonic file, lentulo spiral and EZ-Fill bi-directional spiral were effective methods of sealer placement in simulated canal extensions. The K file was the least effective method, specially at the middle area of canal extensions.