• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.616-621
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• 2006

최근 들어 많은 차량이 네비게이션 시스템을 장착하고 있다. 초기의 시스템은 길을 안내하는 것이 주목적이었지만 여러 기술들의 발달로 다양한 기능이 추가되어 사용자에게 더욱 편리함을 주고 있다. 다양한 기록 매체를 재생할 수도 있고, 각각의 도로에 대한 유용한 정보도 알려주고, DMB 수신 장치를 장착하여 차량이 이동 중에 다양한 멀티미디어 콘텐츠를 이용할 수 있게 되었다. 그러나 아직까지 네비게이션 시스템에서 기본적이고 중요한 길 안내 기능은 크게 성장하지 못했다. 이에 본 논문에서는 외부환경, 운전자의 속도경향, 운전자 감정, 도로상태의 다양한 상황을 고려하여 운전자 상황에 맞는 인간 친화적인 경로 추천 방법을 제안한다. 또한 다양한 상황을 모듈화하여 각 상황의 알고리즘을 쉽게 수정할 수 있도록 계층적 구조로 구성하고 퍼지로직을 이용한다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Recently, the automotive technology has developed with electronics and information technology as convergence technology while vehicles had been regarded as machines. Moreover, vehicles are becoming more intelligent and safer devices, assembly of advanced technologies by customers' demand. Even though all of installations of vehicle have attracted as diverting devices, it cause drivers' mistakes like delay of response on traffic condition. Here, we proposed the Field Operational Test (FOT) environment which could be used as driving and road conditions collector(Vehicle motion, Traffic condition, Driver input, Driver state, etc.) for researches about Driver Friendly Intelligent System(SCC, LDWS, etc.), Human Vehicle Interface(Driving Workload, etc.) and Economic Drive Model. Furthermore driving patten and fuel consumption patten of drivers were analyzed by measured data and direction of future research was suggested.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.297-305
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• 2017

As the development of autonomous vehicles becomes realistic, many automobile manufacturers and components producers aim to develop 'completely autonomous driving'. ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) which has been applied in automobile recently, supports the driver in controlling lane maintenance, speed and direction in a single lane based on limited road environment. Although technologies of obstacles avoidance on the obstacle environment have been developed, they concentrates on simple obstacle avoidances, not considering the control of the actual vehicle in the real situation which makes drivers feel unsafe from the sudden change of the wheel and the speed of the vehicle. In order to develop the 'completely autonomous driving' automobile which perceives the surrounding environment by itself and operates, ability of the vehicle should be enhanced in a way human driver does. In this sense, this paper intends to establish a strategy with which autonomous vehicles behave human-friendly based on vehicle dynamics through the reinforcement learning that is based on Q-learning, a type of machine learning. The obstacle avoidance reinforcement learning proceeded in 5 simulations. The reward rule has been set in the experiment so that the car can learn by itself with recurring events, allowing the experiment to have the similar environment to the one when humans drive. Driving Simulator has been used to verify results of the reinforcement learning. The ultimate goal of this study is to enable autonomous vehicles avoid obstacles in a human-friendly way when obstacles appear in their sight, using controlling methods that have previously been learned in various conditions through the reinforcement learning.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.187-200
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• 2020

Despite the eco-friendly route plan, road slopes were collapsed due to road construction, resulting in human and property damage. To solve this problem, the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs established guidelines in 2009 to conduct a test-bed for slope recording considering the conditions of the site and the ecological environment, and divided them into recording quality and economic evaluation. The following results were obtained by analyzing 183 construction methods of cut-soil sections at 60 sites from 2012 to 2018 for road slope afforestation research. Straw net+seedspray, vegetation media spray method 1T, 3T were used the most, and vegetation media spray method 3T(patent) was excellent in quality, and straw net+seedspray was excellent in economics. As a result of analyzing the market unit price and the construction unit price, vegetation media spray method submitted the construction unit price at up to 60% lower than the market unit price. As a result of the analysis of the key factors of the greening method evaluation, the economic assessment had the greatest influence on all evaluation items. Problems in the evaluation method of revegetation were first identified as problems in the allocation of points and secondly as problems in the evaluation criteria. As for the improvement of the economic assessment criteria, the method was proposed to evaluate the same method based on market unit price when the same method was constructed, and not to conduct an economic assessment if there was a difference in market unit price between methods, or to add weight to the scores. Based on the monitoring data of 60 road slopes, this study drew up problems and improvement measures. However, with regard to scoring, research on appropriate scoring is needed by examining the current status.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2017

The cultural tendency based on sharing and cooperation, which has recently been a hot issue, accelerates throughout the world. This study began with a perception that a sharing culture is inherent in urban public spaces. This study aims to conduct a theoretical study of the sharing culture and to analyze the characteristics of the design composition of public spaces. This study selected squares in 16 European cities as cases for analysis. The results are summarized as follows:1)To analyze the design characteristics of public spaces in which a sharing culture is inherent, this study drew the shape and type of planes and sharing elements such as accessibility, symbolism and activity with the squares in the cases. 2)The shape of planes in the squares in the cases has been formed in close relations with the historic meaning and events of the area and the process of the construction of buildings surrounding the square. The squares in the cases were classified into seven plane types, and these squares have developmentally contributed to the formation of a sharing culture as a place for free participation and communication concerning social issues. 3)In the squares in the cases, the weight of road-centered access appears high, and in terms of the construction of human-friendly / environment-friendly infrastructure in the city or judging from the trend of the recent increase of pedestrian-centered plans for public space, it is judged that approaches with a high utilization rate of sidewalk or public transportation would be desirable. 4)Symbolic elements of the square become a device by which citizens can share the historic symbolism, along with artistic inspiration. In addition, by serving as an observatory from which people can take a view of the landscape of the city, it allows visual sharing of the entire city as well as the square. 5)A square is common pool resources in the community, and it is necessary to vitalize that in a direction of increasing the possibility of sharing, through the characteristics and methods of the composition of public design.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.583-595
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• 2014

현재 우리나라의 교통정책은 도로의 신설 확장은 지양하고, 도로의 선형 및 시설을 개량하여 안전성을 증대시키고, 친환경적이며 효율적으로 운영할 수 있는 방향으로 나아가고 있다. 이는 국가 도로사업 중 하나인 제2차 국도 5개년계획('06~'10)이 확장 53건(71%), 개량 22건(29%)인 반면, 제3차 국도 5개년계획('11~'15)은 확장 22건(30%), 개량 50건(70%)로 변화된 것으로 나타나고 있다. 이러한 시설개량위주의 도로사업을 좀 더 효과적으로 추진하기 위해서는 도로의 안전성을 객관적이고 과학적으로 판단하여 사업을 선정하고, 사업에 따른 안전성 향상에 대한 평가가 이루어져야 한다고 판단된다. 본 연구는 이러한 도로별 안전성 분석 및 평가를 위한 모형을 개발하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 주요내용은 미국의 HSM (Highway Safety Manual)을 근간으로 하여 한국실정에 맞게 도로의 안전성을 분석하고 평가할 수 있는 모형을 개발하는 것이다. 모형 정립을 위한 데이터 구축은 전라북도 권역 5개 국도호선을 대상으로 기하구조 요인이 동일하다고 판단되는 구간을 동질성 구간으로 구분하였고, 구분된 1,452개 구간에 대하여 도로 기하구조, 시설물, 교통량, 기상상태, 토지이용 등의 대표값을 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 교통사고와 각 도로요소의 상관관계 분석을 수행하여 어떠한 요인이 교통사고에 큰 영향을 미치는지 분석하였고, 이를 바탕으로 음이항회귀모형으로 사고모형을 정립하였다. 개발된 모형을 가지고 교통량과 도로구간연장을 이용하여 발생사고건수를 예측하는 안전성능함수와 도로기하구조 및 교통특성 등의 변화에 따라 사고빈도 변화를 결정하는 사고수정계수를 도출하였다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2018

This study systematically examines the changes in the compressive and tensile strength of soil cement reinforced by natural hair fiber, which is regularly produced from human. Extensive experimental tests of various test specimens have been carried out in a laboratory. Several factors are considered, including the soil type, amount of cement, amount of fiber, fiber length, loading type, and curing age. The test results indicate that both the compressive and tensile strengths are significantly affected by the fiber, either increasing or decreasing depending on the conditions. The increase in tensile strength is significant in the sand-based soil cement due to the tensile resistance of the fiber which is interlocked with the surrounding soil or cement particles. The natural fiber provides a larger strain to failure due to its extensibility, which allows greater deformation. Based on the test results, natural hair fibers can be an effective and environmentally friendly way to improve soil ground subjected to tensile loading, such as an embankment slope, road subgrade, or landfill, thus reducing the cost for cement and waste treatment. The study results provide a useful information of better understanding the mechanical behavior of natural hair fiber in soil cement and the practical use of waste materials in civil engineering. The findings can be practically applied for improving earth structures under tensile loading.

• 농촌계획
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.31-45
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• 2010

Building a dam that is not considering the environmental impact and human social impact can cause the loss of entire ecospheres such as fragmentary green network, disturbance of plants ecosystem, the destruction of social and cultural indigenous resources, therefore, it can occur the environment change and distortion of ecosystem. The purpose of this study is that presenting the methods of ecosystem maintenance and ecosystem damage compensation about for environmentally direct impact i.e. the ecosystem change in the intended place for building a dam. According to the planning progress, the study was proceeded to planning site examine, assessment, conception plan. As the results of examine and assessment, it must be necessary to offered the maintenance and damage compensation if the site where include the 1st degree of biotope area, the 2nd degree of biotope and the 8th degree of green naturality area were damaged by being submerged and constructing road. In addition, according to the conception plan, we suggest the mitigation proposals such as plant communities transplant, planning of connecting green network against for influencing direct impact ecosystem that is destroying plant communities, damaging inhabitants, noise pollution, water pollution, etc.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.423-428
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• 2007

The 21st century is that both human and environment live together. The advancing knowledge concerning our environment instigates a change in understanding about the physical surroundings. The construction field particularly induces significant improvements that are environmental-friendly. To convene this demand, several manuals and guidelines related to the environmental issues have been enacted and amended. Especially the manuals and guidelines issued from Ministry of Environment (MOC) and Ministry of Construction and Transportation (MOCT) is requiring the addition of environmental knowledge in construction technology. Recently, environmental assessments and advanced environmental measures in various kinds of construction are persuasively been carried out. The policy of Total Maximum Daily Load is the one more reason for the revisions of the manual and guideline, which is really requiring the addition of the environmental knowledge in construction technology. Therefore, this research is focusing on revising the manuals and guidelines related to road construction and maintenance works issued from MOCT.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2022

Recently, the popularization of personal mobility(PM) has made it possible to see many electric scooters. The energy source of personal transportation used by the general public and the disabled can be seen as environmentally friendly as electricity. Personal transportation means are divided into small electric vehicles because they use electric energy, and they are being treated as new models by automobile manufacturers in each country and spurring development. On the other hand, personal transportation means may cause various types of traffic accidents as they travel between roads and a human walk. In order to prevent such accidents, it is judged that the enactment of laws on the establishment of specifications for electric scooters, which are personal transportation means, and the method of restricting road operation should be given priority. The electric scooter is basically different from the conventional vehicle. The steering shaft of the steering system applied to the electric scooter one to two is possible. 1 to 2 the front-wheel under the steering column is used. It is classified according to the number of wheel installed at the electric scooter is the vehicle body into 2 wheel - electric scooter, and 3 wheel - electric scooter and 4 wheel - electric scooter. In this study, we propose a steering shaft design model that can be applied to an electric scooter, one of personal transportation means. A design model for 1-shaft steering and 2-shafts steering that can be applied to electric scooters is proposed. In addition, we have produced the prototypes for the commercialization of the proposed models, and reviewed the pros and cons of the manufactured prototypes and models.