• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.332-347
• /
• 2017

Analysis of the interaction between the automated vehicles and manual vehicles is very important in analyzing the performance of automated cooperative driving environments. In particular, the automated vehicle platooning can affect the driving behavior of adjacent manual vehicles. The purpose of this study is to analyze the lane change behavior of the manual vehicles in automated vehicle platonning environment and to conduct the experiment and questionnaire surveys in three stages. In the first stage, a video questionnaire survey was conducted, and responsive behaviors of manual vehicles were investigated. In second stage, the driving simulator experiments were conducted to investigate the lane change behaviors of in automated vehicle platonning environments. To analyze the lane change behavior of the manual vehicles, lane change durations and acceleration noise, which are indicators of traffic flow stability, were used. The driving behavior of manual vehicles were compared across different market penetration rates (MPR) of automated vehicles and human factors. Lastly, NASA-TLX (NASA Task Load Index) was used to evaluate the workload of the manual vehicle drivers. As a result of the analysis, it was identified that manual vehicle drivers had psychological burdens while driving in automated vehicle platonning environments. Lane change durations were longer when the MPR of the automated vehicles increased, and acceleration noise were increased in the case of 30-40 years old or female drivers. The results from this study can be used as a fundamental for more realistic traffic simulations reflecting the interaction between the automated vehicles and manual vehicles. It is also expected to effectively support the establishment of valuable transportation management strategy in automated vehicle environments.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.42-50
• /
• 2016

Traditional tactile controls that include push buttons and rotary switches may cause significant visual and biomechanical distractions if they are located away from the driver's line of sight and hand position, for example, on the central console. Gestural controls, as an alternative to traditional controls, are natural and can reduce visual distractions; however, their types and numbers are limited and have no feedback. To overcome the problems, a driver interface combining gestures and visual feedback with a head-up display has been proposed recently. In this paper, we investigated the effect of this type of interface in terms of driving performance measures. Human-in-the-loop experiments were conducted using a driving simulator with the traditional tactile and the new gesture-based interfaces. The experimental results showed that the new interface caused less visual distractions, better gap control between ego and target vehicles, and better recognition of road conditions comparing to the traditional one.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.504-511
• /
• 2003

Environmental noise at high intensities directly affects human health by causing hearing loss. Although scientific evidence currently is not conclusive, noise is suspected of causing or aggravating other diseases. Environmental noise indirectly affects human welfare by interfering with sleep, thought, and conversation. Noise emission from motorized vehicle includes power unit noise, tire/pavement noise and aerodynamic noise. Among them, tire/pavement noise is noise emission from interaction of the tire and road surface when the vehicle cruises over the surface of pavement. In general, portland cement concrete(PCC) pavement is known to create more noise than asphaltic surfaces though it has the advantage of durability and superior surface friction. However, the results of preliminary laboratory test showed exposed aggregate concrete(EAC) has and effect on reducing tire/pavement noise. Based on the laboratory test. pilot construction of exposed aggregate concrete pavement was completed and series of in-situ measurements were conducted for noise analysis including the pass-by noise measurement and the close-proximity method. Conclusively, it is expected that tire/pavement noise represent significant portion of noise levels at higher frequencies and it would be reduced on special textures of pavement such as exposed aggregate concrete.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.141-150
• /
• 2017

A rapid increase in traffic accidents involving senior vehicle occupants has been an issue in Korea because of the aging of the population occurring at one of the fastest rates in the world; unfortunately, few studies beyond several looking at the effect of senior occupants on the level of accident injury severity can be found in the literature. A Multinomial logit model was estimated with Newton-Raphson algorithm to perform bias-reducing penalized likelihood optimization. Model covariates integral to developing the model were included, but the main focus was on the interaction of seating position and injury to senior vehicle occupants. It was found that the likelihood of an accident resulting in a fatality increased: 2.2 times for the driver seat, 2.7 times for the front passenger seat, and even 6.7 times for the rear seat. A mandatory seatbelt law to be extended to the rear seat needs to pass the assembly as soon as possible, and government, industry, and safety groups should be encouraged to join forces to strongly carry out targeted campaigns for the wearing of seatbelts in all vehicle seats to enhance the safety of senior occupants as well as other occupants who are vulnerable to road traffic accidents.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.138-143
• /
• 2005

In order to reduce traffic accident, the interaction between drivers and roads should be studied in drivers' behaviour standpoints, and then this must be applied to the establishment of the road design standard. The K-ROADS(KICT-Road Analysis Driving Simulator) was developed to analyze and evaluate the road safety at the project HuRoSAS(Human & Road Safety Analysis System), since 2003. This has two distinct functions. One is the visual system which has 360 degree F.O.V. to reduce a dead angle on black spots as at-grade intersection. The other is the motion system which reproduce high frequency vibration made in irregular road surface and vehicle's motion. The K-ROADS has been used the study on the effect of alternatives of speed hump, and the study on the interior wall design of long tunnel to safety standpoints.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.94-106
• /
• 2017

Unmanned military vehicles (UMVs) will be increasingly applied to the various military operations. These UMVs are most commonly characterized as dealing with "4D" task - dull, dirty, dangerous and difficult with automations. Although most of the UMVs are designed to a high degree of autonomy, the human operator will still intervene in the robots operation, and tele-operate them to achieve his or her mission. Thus, operator capacity, along with robot autonomy and user interface, is one of the important design factors in the research and development of the UMVs. In this paper, we propose the method to assess the operator capacity of the UMVs. The method is comprised of the 6 steps (problem, assumption, goal function identification, operator task analysis, task modeling & simulation, results and assessment), and herein colored Petri-nets are used for the modeling and simulation. Further, an illustrative example is described at the end of this paper.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.105-115
• /
• 2016

In the process of exploring sustainable development, major cities in China are expanding metro systems as a strategy to reduce the negative environmental and social consequences of fast-paced motorization. A metro station is not only a transportation node, but also a place where diverse activities can be performed. Therefore, the realization of the spatial potential for human interaction is the essence of the strategy for integrated development in metro station areas. For this paper, 10 well-developed metro stations in Central Shanghai were selected to investigate the correlation between accessibility and spatial performance in station areas. The spatial performance in station areas is significantly affected by metro configuration. However, both vehicle and pedestrian accessibility show weak influence on spatial performance. A synergistic model was then developed to provide quantitative support for transit-oriented development in metro station areas.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2015.10a
• /
• pp.1794-1795
• /
• 2015

현재의 자동차는 운전자에게 안정성과 편의성을 제공하기 위해서, 자동차 중심의 인터페이스를 넘어 인간 중심의 인간-차량 인터페이스로 발전함에 따라서 차량의 전체 시스템 설계에 영향을 미치는 새로운 양방향 인터페이스를 필요로 하고 있다. 운전자가 운전함에 있어 사용하고 있는 운전자의 음성, 신체 동작, 생체 신호와 차량의 주행 상태에 대한 종합적이고 체계적으로 관리가 기반이 되는 통합 모델을 통해서 지능화, 복합 체계화된 지능형 자동차를 효율적으로 구현할 수 있는 인간-차량 인터페이스를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.33 no.6
• /
• pp.620-626
• /
• 2019

With the development of robot technology, the expectation of autonomous mission operations has increased, and the research on robot control architectures and mission planners has continued. A scalable and robust control architecture is required for unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) to perform a variety of tasks, such as surveillance, reconnaissance, and search and rescue operations, in unstructured and time-varying maritime environments. In this paper, we propose a robot control architecture along with a new utility function that can be extended to various applications for USVs. Also, an additional structure is proposed to reflect the operator's command and improve the performance of the autonomous mission. The proposed architecture was developed using a robot operating system (ROS), and the performance and feasibility of the architecture were verified through simulations.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.449-457
• /
• 2013

In this study, we performed a numerical analysis to investigate the effect of rotation on the blood flow and arterial wall behavior by using the FSI (fluid-structure interaction) technique. The geometry of the artery included 50% stenosis at the center. To simulate the rotational effect, 2-6 rps of axial velocity was applied to the arterial model. A spiral wave and asymmetric flow occurred due to the stenosis and axial rotation both in the rigid body model and in the FSI model. However, the arterial wall motion caused periodic and transient blood flow changes in the FSI model. The FRZ (fluid recirculation zone) decreased in the FSI model, which is a known predictor for the formation and vulnerability of plaque. Therefore, it is observed that arterial wall motion also influences the generation of the FRZ.