• Title/Summary/Keyword: Human reliability data

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A new method to detect attacks on the Internet of Things (IoT) using adaptive learning based on cellular learning automata

  • Dogani, Javad;Farahmand, Mahdieh;Daryanavard, Hassan
    • ETRI Journal
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.155-167
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    • 2022
  • The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm that connects physical and virtual objects from various domains such as home automation, industrial processes, human health, and monitoring. IoT sensors receive information from their environment and forward it to their neighboring nodes. However, the large amounts of exchanged data are vulnerable to attacks that reduce the network performance. Most of the previous security methods for IoT have neglected the energy consumption of IoT, thereby affecting the performance and reducing the network lifetime. This paper presents a new multistep routing protocol based on cellular learning automata. The network lifetime is improved by a performance-based adaptive reward and fine parameters. Nodes can vote on the reliability of their neighbors, achieving network reliability and a reasonable level of security. Overall, the proposed method balances the security and reliability with the energy consumption of the network.

The Development of Evaluation Tools for Young Children's Math Ability based on Content Standards of NCTM (NCTM의 수학교육 내용기준에 근거한 유아수학능력 평가도구 개발)

  • Kim, Ji-Young
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.35-43
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study is to develop evaluation tools for young children's mathematical ability based on the content standards of NCTM and to verify the suitability of the tools. The tools consist of 5 sub-tests with 90 items, including number and operation, algebra, geometry, measurement, data analysis and probability. The tool analysis was examined with 300 three-to five-years-old children and 31 math education professionals. The results of this research are as follows : First, in order of age the passing rate increased. The gap between high and low score group reveals a statistically meaningful difference. Second, the internal consistency reliability coefficient, Cronbach ${\alpha}$, is .96. Test-retest reliability is around .90. The concurrent validity correlation between this tools and Choi Hye-Jin's test(2003) is .85. The analysis of the content validity was proved appropriately by math education professionals.

Human Error Probability Assessment During Maintenance Activities of Marine Systems

  • Islam, Rabiul;Khan, Faisal;Abbassi, Rouzbeh;Garaniya, Vikram
    • Safety and Health at Work
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.42-52
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    • 2018
  • Background: Maintenance operations on-board ships are highly demanding. Maintenance operations are intensive activities requiring high man-machine interactions in challenging and evolving conditions. The evolving conditions are weather conditions, workplace temperature, ship motion, noise and vibration, and workload and stress. For example, extreme weather condition affects seafarers' performance, increasing the chances of error, and, consequently, can cause injuries or fatalities to personnel. An effective human error probability model is required to better manage maintenance on-board ships. The developed model would assist in developing and maintaining effective risk management protocols. Thus, the objective of this study is to develop a human error probability model considering various internal and external factors affecting seafarers' performance. Methods: The human error probability model is developed using probability theory applied to Bayesian network. The model is tested using the data received through the developed questionnaire survey of >200 experienced seafarers with >5 years of experience. The model developed in this study is used to find out the reliability of human performance on particular maintenance activities. Results: The developed methodology is tested on the maintenance of marine engine's cooling water pump for engine department and anchor windlass for deck department. In the considered case studies, human error probabilities are estimated in various scenarios and the results are compared between the scenarios and the different seafarer categories. The results of the case studies for both departments are also compared. Conclusion: The developed model is effective in assessing human error probabilities. These probabilities would get dynamically updated as and when new information is available on changes in either internal (i.e., training, experience, and fatigue) or external (i.e., environmental and operational conditions such as weather conditions, workplace temperature, ship motion, noise and vibration, and workload and stress) factors.

LOLE(Loss of Load Expctatiom) Evaluation using Fuzzy Set Theory (퍼지 집합 이론을 이용한 공급지장 기대치의 산정)

  • 심재홍;정현수;김진오
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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    • v.48 no.9
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    • pp.1055-1063
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    • 1999
  • This paper present a conceptual possibilistic approach using fuzzy set theory to manage the uncertainties in the given reliability input date of the practical power system. In this paper, an algorithm is introduced to calculate the possibilstic reliability indices according to the degree of uncertainty in the given data. The probability distribution function can be transformed into an appropriate possibilstic representation using the probability-Possibility Consistency principle(PPCP) algorithm. In this the algorithm, the transformation is performation by making a compromise between the transformation consistency and the human updating experience. Fuzzy classifcation theory is applied to reduced the number of load data. The fuzzy classification method determines the closeness of load data points by assigning them to various clusters and then determening the distance between the clusters. The IEEE-RTS with 32-generating units is used to demonstrate the capability of the proposed algorithm.

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A Modeling of Human Aquisition Process (인간의 숙연과정에 관한 고찰)

  • 이철영;류대근
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.57-63
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    • 1982
  • This paper deals with a mathematical model which explains process of aquisition or skillfulness of human. Especially, in the case of determinating a ship's position, a degree of aquisitiion or skillfulness has a significant meaning in the view point of reliability of a data because it is closely connected with the position error. In this paper, the authors have obtained the following mathematical model, who analyzed quantitavely the data obtained by a process of measuring the horizontal sextant angles and extracted the factors or parameters affecting the process of aquisition or skillfulness of human. Namely, $H=Me^{-iN}$ M : the coefficiency which represent the degree of difficulty in measuring the object i : personal parameter N : the number of measurements

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A Preliminary Study on Index Development for the Certificate Systems of Family-Friendly Corporations (가족친화기업 인증제 도입을 위한 지표개발 연구)

  • Yoo, Gye-Sook;Jun, Hey-Jung
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.45 no.9
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    • pp.113-130
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this research was to develop an index for the certificate systems of family-friendly corporations. To be specific, first of all this research reviewed indexes which were developed in foreign countries. Second, it examined the domestic indexes related to the evaluation of family-friendly corporations. Third, it derived characteristics of family-friendly corporations through an in-depth interview with recruiters from those corporations in Korea and developed the index for the certificate systems of family-friendly corporations. And fourth, it tested the validity and reliability of the developed index. Based on the characteristics of family-friendly corporations which were revealed through the qualitative analysis on the data from the in-depth interview with recruiters from 30 family-friendly corporations, we developed 10 indexes for the certificate systems of family-friendly corporations. Also the analysis of the validity and reliability of the developed index indicated that it has high validity and reliability. Finally this research proposed how to apply this developed index to policies related to the certificate systems of family-friendly corporations.

Evaluating Perceived Smartness of Product from Consumer's Point of View: The Concept and Measurement

  • Lee, Won-Jun
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.149-158
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    • 2019
  • Due to the rapid development of IT (information technology) and internet, products become smart and able to collect, process and produce information and can think of themselves to provide better service to consumers. However, research on the characteristics of smart product is still sparse. In this paper, we report the systemic development of a scale to measure the perceived product smartness associated with smart product. To develop product smartness scale, this study follows systemic scale development processes of item generation, item reduction, scale validation, reliability and validity test consequently. And, after acquiring a large amount of qualitative interview data asking the definition of smart product, we add a unique process to reduce the initial items using both a text mining method using 'r' s/w and traditional reliability and validity tests including factor analysis. Based on an initial qualitative inquiry and subsequent quantitative survey, an eight-factor scale of product smartness is developed. The eight factors are multi-functionality, human-like touch, ability to cooperate, autonomy, situatedness, network connectivity, integrity, and learning capability consequently. Results from Korean samples support the proposed measures of product smartness in terms of reliability, validity, and dimensionality. Implications and directions for further study are discussed. The developed scale offers important theoretical and pragmatic implications for researchers and practitioners.

Knowledge Modeling of Reliability Analysis and Safety Design for Offshore Safety Instrument System with MBSE (Model-Based Systems Engineering) (모델기반 시스템엔지니어링을 활용한 해양플랜트 안전시스템(SIS, Safety Instrumented System)의 신뢰도 분석 및 안전설계 지식 모델링)

  • Bae, Jeong-hoon;Jung, Min-jae;Shin, Sung-chul
    • Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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    • v.55 no.3
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    • pp.222-235
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    • 2018
  • The hydrocarbon gas leak in the offshore plant can cause large accidents and lead to significant damages to human, property and environment. For prevention of fire or explosion accidents from gas leak, a SIS(Safety Instrumented System) should be installed. In the early stage of the offshore design, required SIL(Safety Integrated Level) is determined and reliability analysis is performed to verify the design in reliability aspects. This study collected data, information related to reliability analysis and created knowledge model of safety design for the offshore system with MBSE(Model-Based Systems Engineering) concept. Knowledge model could support safety engineer's design tasks as the guidance of reliability analysis procedure of safety design and make good conversation with other engineers in yard, class, company, etc.

Analysis of Pitching Motions by Human Pose Estimation Based on RGB Images (RGB 이미지 기반 인간 동작 추정을 통한 투구 동작 분석)

  • Yeong Ju Woo;Ji-Yong Joo;Young-Kwan Kim;Hie Yong Jeong
    • Smart Media Journal
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.16-22
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    • 2024
  • Pitching is a major part of baseball, so much so that it can be said to be the beginning of baseball. Analysis of accurate pitching motions is very important in terms of performance improvement and injury prevention. When analyzing the correct pitching motion, the currently used motion capture method has several critical environmental drawbacks. In this paper, we propose analysis of pitching motion using the RGB-based Human Pose Estimation (HPE) model to replace motion capture, which has these shortcomings, and use motion capture data and HPE data to verify its reliability. The similarity of the two data was verified by comparing joint coordinates using the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm.

PRA RESEARCH AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF RISK-INFORMED REGULATION AT THE U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

  • Siu, Nathan;Collins, Dorothy
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.40 no.5
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    • pp.349-364
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    • 2008
  • Over the years, probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) research activities conducted at the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) have played an essential role in support of the agency's move towards risk-informed regulation. These research activities have provided the technical basis for NRC's regulatory activities in key areas; provided PRA methods, tools, and data enabling the agency to meet future challenges; supported the implementation of NRC's 1995 PRA Policy Statement by assessing key sources of risk; and supported the development of necessary technical and human resources supporting NRC's risk-informed activities. PRA research aimed at improving the NRC's understanding of risk can positively affect the agency's regulatory activities, as evidenced by three case studies involving research on fire PRA, human reliability analysis (HRA), and pressurized thermal shock (PTS) PRA. These case studies also show that such research can take a considerable amount of time, and that the incorporation of research results into regulatory practice can take even longer. The need for sustained effort and appropriate lead time is an important consideration in the development of a PRA research program aimed at helping the agency address key sources of risk for current and potential future facilities.