• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권18호
• /
• pp.8187-8190
• /
• 2016

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses that infect epithelial tissues. Specific genotypes of human papillomavirus are the single most common etiological agents of cervical intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer. Cervical cancer usually arises at squamous metaplastic epithelium of transformation zone (TZ) of the cervix featuring infection with one or more oncogenic or high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) types. A hospital-based study in a rural set up was carried out to understand the association of HR-HPV with squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) and cervical cancer. In the present study, HR-HPV was detected in 65.7% of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs), 84.6% of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) and 94% of cervical cancer as compared to 10.7% of controls. The association of HPV infection with SIL and cervical cancer was analyzed with Chi square test (p<0.001). The significant association found confirmed that detection of HR-HPV is a suitable candidate for early identification of cervical precancerous lesions and in the prevention of cervical cancer in India.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권18호
• /
• pp.8085-8091
• /
• 2016

Human papillomavirus is a virus that is distributed worldwide, and persistent infection with high-risk genotypes (HR-HPV) is considered the most important factor for the development of squamous cell cervical carcinoma (SCC). However, by itself, it is not sufficient, and other factors may contribute to the onset and progression of lesions. For example, infection with other sexually transmitted diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be a factor. Previous studies have shown the relationship between HPV infection and SCC development among HIV-infected women in many regions of the world, with great emphasis on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Brazil is considered a LMIC and has great disparities across different regions. The purpose of this review was to highlight the current knowledge about HPV infection and cervical abnormalities in HIV+ women in Brazil because this country is an ideal setting to evaluate HIV impact on SCC development and serves as model of LMICs and low-resource settings.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.2073-2080
• /
• 2015

Background: The human papillomavirus (HPV) and its variants show wide geographical distribution and have been reported to cause cervical lesions. With cervical neoplasia as the leading cancer in Indian women, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the multiple infection HPV type distribution and variant genotypes in cervical samples from the coastal Karnataka region, India. Materials and Methods: A total of 212 samples were screened by nested polymerase chain reaction using PGMY9/11 and GP5+/6+ primers. HPV positive samples were sequenced to identify the types and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method. Results: Sequence analysis identified a total of 14 HPV types distributed in 20%, 73.3% and 82.5% of non-malignant, pre-malignant [low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL)] and cervical cancer samples. The distribution of high risk HPV in cancer samples was HPV 16, 76.4%, HPV18, 11.7%, HPV81, 2.9%, HPV31, 1.4%, HPV35, 1.4% and HPV 45, 1.4%. Multiple infections were observed in 11.8% of tumor samples with HPV 16 contributing to 62.5% of cases. In non-malignant samples, 20% of HPV positive samples were detected with HPV16, 82.3%, HPV33, 5.8% and HPV58, 5.8% and very low incidence of multiple infections. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of HPV variants identified 9 HPV sequences as new papillomavirus species, predominantly classified as European lineage type. Conclusions: The findings for HPV infections associated with progression of cervical cancer in coastal Karnataka region and HPV variant analysis provide baseline data for prevention and HPV vaccination programs.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.2355-2359
• /
• 2013

Vulva cancer is rare among all gynecological cancer worldwide, including Thailand, and mainly affects older women. Persistent high risk type infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) is the one important factor for developing cancer. In this study, we focused on HPV DNA investigation and type-specific distribution of HPV in 25 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples collected from Thai women with vulva cancer histologically confirmed by the National Cancer Institute, Thailand, during 2003-2011. HPV DNA detection and genotyping were undertaken with polymerase-chain reaction and enzyme-immunoassay using GP5+/bio6+ consensus specific primers and digoxigenin-labeled specific oligoprobes, respectively. Human ${\beta}$-globin genes was used as the internal control. Our results showed that 44% (11/25) of all vulva cancer samples were HPV-positive. All of them are high risk HPV type infection, detected as single (63.64%, 7/11) and/or double infections (4/11, 36.36%). HPV 16 was the most common type identified in vulva cancer, followed by HPV 35, 33, 18 and 58. In conclusion, this study presented that HPV-16 is observed at the highest frequency in this cancer, similar to cervical cancer, with HPV 18 being less frequent. Although the sample size was small and could not represent overall incidence and prevalence in Thai women, these preliminary data for vulva cancer are of interest since they reinforce the necessity for HPV screening or vaccination in Thailand.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.399-403
• /
• 2006

Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers developed in women worldwide, and human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 is the most common agent linked to human cerivical carcinoma. Viral oncogenes E6 and E7 are selectively ratined and expressed in carcinoma cells infected with human papillomavirus type 16 and cooperated with each other in immortalization and transformation of primary keratinocytes. Because of HPV oncogenesis mechanism was not completely solved, the more studies be required thoroughly. In the present study, to investigate the telomere independent role of telomerase in HPV oncogenesis, we constructed the E6 mutant, E7, E6/E7 and hTERT over-expressed stable cells with a telomerase negative cell line, SW13. Expressions of Inserted genes were measured by RT-PCR. E6, E7 and hTERT genes were well expressed in each cell lines comparing with the control groups. By analyzing the cell morphology under the microscope, hTERT clone size was a more smaller than the mock control but oncogene expressed clones were slightly lengthened the marginal region. In addition, hTERT cells has also, a tendency of brief dividing time compared to the mock control. To determine whether telomerase activity associated with a HPV oncogenesis by oncoprotein expression, we performed the PCR based TRAP assay and Northern blot analysis. In TRAP assay data, telomerase activities in hTERT and oncogene clones were more increased than the mock control. In addition, SW13/ E6/E7 cells appeared a extremely increased activity than any other clones. Induced TERT mRNA by E6/E7 wasn't, however, detected in Northern blotting. In conclusion, these findings suggest that telomerase activity closely associated the HPV oncogenesis and E6/E7 co-expression is a most important factor of telomerase activity.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2007

Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers developed in women worldwide, and human papillomavirus(HPV) type 16 is the most common agent linked to human cerivical carcinoma. Viral oncogenes E6 and E7 are selectively retained and expressed in carcinoma cells infected with human papillomavirus type 16 and cooperate with each other in the immortalization and transformation of primary keratinocytes. Because the HPV oncogenesis mechanism was not completely solved, more thorough studies are required. ln the present study, we investigated the telomere independent role of telomerase in HPV oncogenesis, we constructed the E6 mutant, E7, E6/E7 and hTERT over-expressed stable cells with a telomerase negative cell line, SW13. Expressions of inserted genes were measured by RT-PCR. E6, E7 and hTERT genes were well expressed in each cell lines when compared with the control groups. By analyzing the cell morphology under the microscope, hTERT clone size was a smaller than the mock control but oncogene expressed clones had a slightly lengthened marginal region. In addition, hTERT cells also has a tendency of brief dividing time compared to the mock control. To determine whether telomerase activity was associated with a HPV oncogenesis by oncoprotein expression, we performed the PCR based TRAP assay and a Northern blot analysis. In TRAP assay data, telomerase activities in hTERT and oncogene clones increased compared to the mock control. In addition, SW13/E6/E7 cells showed an extremely increased activity compared to the other clones. Induced hTERT mRNA by E6/E7 wasn't, however, detected in Northern blotting. In conclusion, these findings suggest that telomerase activity is closely associated with the HPV oncogenesis and E6/E7 co-expression is a most important factor of telomerase activity.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제44권4호
• /
• pp.346-351
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 임신진단등의 간편 현장진단(point of care test, POCT)에 주로 사용되고 있는 멤브레인 측면흐름 분석기법을 사용하여 인유두종 바이러스(Human papillomavirus, HPV)의 특정 서열을 검출할 수 있는 DNA array를 개발하였다. HPV type 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 45에 특이적인 DNA 탐침들을 측면흐름 분석용 멤브레인 표면에 고정하고, biotin이 label된 MY09/11 primer를 사용하여 얻어진 HPV PCR 반응 결과물과 탐침 사이에 hybridization 반응을 유도하였다. 이후 streptavidin이 label된 colloidal gold가 교잡물의 biotin과 반응함으로써 DNA hybridization 결과를 육안으로 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 HPV DNA lateral flow membrane array는 기존의 HPV DNA chip 기법과 비교하여 경제적이고 편리하게 주요 HPV type을 확인할 수 있음을 보여주었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권15호
• /
• pp.6151-6154
• /
• 2014

A growing body of literature is evidence that identifying subtypes of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) has impacted on various steps of cervical cancer prevention.Thus, it is mandatory to determine the background prevalence and distribution of HPV subtypes for designing and implementing area-specific management. The present study was conducted to evaluate prevalence and distribution of HPV subtypes among women aged 30-70 years living in Lampang, an area with a high incidence of cervical cancer, through use of a mobile screening unit. Of 2,000 women recruited in this study, 108 (5.40%, 95%CI: 4.45-6.48) were found to have HR-HPV infection. Risk was significantly correlated with age and number of partners. Singly or in combination, the most common genotype was HPV 52 (17.6%), followed by HPV 16 (14.81%), HPV 58 (13.89%), HPV 33 (11.11%), HPV 51 (11.11%), and HPV 56 (9.26%). HPV 18 was found in only 5.6% of cases. Together, HPV 16/18 were noted in approximately 20.4% of cases. Eighteen(16.67%) women were positive with multiple subtypes of HR-HPV. Co-infection most frequently involved HPV 16 or HPV 58. These findings have obvious implications for vaccine policy.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기관식도과학회 1993년도 제27차 학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.86-86
• /
• 1993

유두종 바이러스는 여러 양성 및 악성종양과의 발생원인 및 연관성이 밝혀지면서 임상적으로 그 중요성이 더해가고 있다. 두경부암에서도 유두종 바이러스의 DNA가 암조직내에서 발견됨에 따라 종양의 주요 발생원인의 하나로 간주되고 있다. 최근 유두종 바이러스에 대한 관심이 집중되면서 이에 대한 분자생물학적 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 저자들은 분자생물학적 방법을 이용하여 유두종 바이러스와 두경부암의 관계를 연구하는 방법의 하나로 유두종 바이러스의 캅시드 단백질을 발현시키고자 유두종 바이러스 16형, 31형의 Ll, L2 DNA를 클로닝 하였다. 만들어진 합성단백질은 두경부암 환자에서 유두종 바이러스와의 관계를 연구하는데 여러 목적으로 이용될 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.1519-1524
• /
• 2012

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. Limited epidemiologic data of HPV prevalence are available for women attending hospitals in southern China. This study aimed to evaluate the profiles of HPV infection and cytology status in gynecological outpatients in Chaozhou City. Methods: A total of 2833 eligible women were enrolled. The HPV GenoArray test was used for HPV detection and genotyping. Nearly one half of the HPV positive women received liquid-based cytology test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the predictable effects of age and genotype for categories of abnormal cytology. Results: The prevalence of overall, high-risk, and low-risk HPV infection were 24.5%, 19.5% and 8.4%, respectively. A U-shaped age-specific prevalence curve was observed in overall HPV and high-risk HPV, but not in low-risk HPV, which declined with age increasing. The 6 most common high-risk HPV type in descending order, were types 52, 16, 58, 18, 68, and 33. Age and HPV genotype were both important determinants of abnormal cytology incidence, the older women (>45 years) and those infected with HPV type 16 and/or 18 having the highest risk for abnormal cytology. Conclusion: Our findings support the hypothesis that second-generation HPV prophylactic vaccines including HPV-52 and -58 may offer higher protection for women residing in Chaozhou and neighboring cities in Guangdong.