• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.37-56
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• 2001

Regarding human capital development and the competitive advantage of regional economies, the transfer of local university graduates to the local labor market is a very important factor. This study aims to investigate the employment structure of university graduates and spatial patterns of their jobs, and the job search strategies to enter the employment system with a case study of Chonnam National University graduates. Because of the lagged industrial structure and peripheral location of Kwangju/Chonnam Province, the employment rate of the university graduates is generally lower than a national average. And there is a strong tendency of the concentration of job places on the metropolitan areas on the one hand, and on the Kwangju/chonnarn and Capital region of Korea on the other. University graduates in searching for jobs especially prefer spatial mobility toward job opportunities In other regions to promoting the flexibility of job qualifications to meet labor market demands. Based on the results of the study, we can identify a process of so-called train drains'in both quantitative and qualitative terms, and conclude that the role of the Chonnam National University in promoting regional development potentials and local labor market conditions is Quite restrictive.

• BMB Reports
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.273-282
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• 2002

Sp3 is a bifunctional transcription factor that has been reported to stimulate or repress the transcription of numerous genes. Although the size of Sp3 mRNA is 4.0kb, the size of the known Sp3 cDNA sequence is 3.6kb. Thus, Sp3 functional studies have been performed with an artificially introduced start codon, and thus an amino-terminus that differs from the wild-type. Ideally, full-length cDNA expression vectors with the appropriate start codon should be utilized for these studies. Using 5'rapid amplification of cDNA ends, a full-length Sp3 cDNA clone was generated and the sequence verified in nine cell lines. No AUG initiation codon was present. However, stop codons were present in all three frames 5' to the known coding sequence. In vitro translation of this full-length cDNA clone produced the expected three isoforms-one at 100 kDa and two in the mid 60 kDa range. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that the protein products had the ability to bind to the Sp1/3 consensus sequence. In vitro studies, using our Sp3 clone and site directed mutagenesis, identified the translation initiation site for the larger isoform as AUA. AUA has not been previously described as an endogenous initiation codon in eukaryotes.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.301-310
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an exercise program for postmastectomy patients. Method: This study was conducted from October, 2003 to June, 2004. The exercise program was developed based on literature review and needs assessment using focus group interviews. The subjects for the focus group interview consisted of 11 patients, 13 recovering patients, and 20 nurses from 3 hospitals. Development of the program was proceeded with analysusm design and development steps. Result: The results of the needs assessment using the focus group interview showed that the exercise program was imperative for postmastectomy patients. Based on the results, a home video tape containing 3 steps, was developed. Each step includes warming-up, stretching, the main exercise, and cool-down. Steps 2 and 3 include exercises with an elastic band, and an elastic ball. The program was modified after conducting a pre-test. A self-checklist including shoulder mobility, hand strength, arm volume and subjective comments on how they feel will be used before and after the exercise program. Conclusion: The exercise program will improve breast cancer patients' quality of life and their physical well-being. Further studies are recommended to test the effectiveness of the exercise program.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.101-121
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• 2020

The purpose of this study, reflecting the characteristics of recent R&D activities, where knowledge convergence and exchange and the growth of researchers are becoming more important, is to promote the growth of outstanding researchers by establishing a support system for researcher career development (intensifying expertise) and career fluidity (change in core research topics). Using the results of a survey of 548 researchers from government-funded research institutes, this study analyze environmental factors of research that promotes career development suitable for the growth of researchers after quantitatively verifying the effects of career development and career mobility on research outcomes. As a result of the analysis, it is more desirable to strengthen career liquidity after stable career development, but the human resources and career development support systems of research institutes are insufficient. Therefore, in this study, policy measures to support researcher career development and liquidity were proposed in four stages.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 1997

Antioxidative activity of daidzin and puerarin isolated from Puerariae radix against oxidation of low density lipoprotein(LDL) was investigated. The concentration of daidzin at 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and puerarin at 60$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ inhibited Cu$^{2+}$-mediated oxidation of LDL almost completely. The electrophoretic mobility of oxidized LDL by addition of daidzin(100$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$) and puerarin(60$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$) was faster than that of native LDL, but slower than that of oxidized LDL. The oxidized LDL induced by J774 or macrophage was inhibited strongly in the presence of 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ daidzin and 60$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ Puerarin. The formation of conjugated dienes in the oxidized LDL was strongly inhibited by 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ daidzin and 60$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ puerarin.n.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2017

Objectives : In this study, the roles of Interleukin (IL)-4 and Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6), which have been reported to play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammation and cancer, were evaluated in snake venom toxin (SVT)-induced apoptosis. Methods : Inflammation was induced in human HaCaT kerationocytes, by lipopolysaccharide (LPS; $1{\mu}g/mL$) or tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), followed by treatment with SVT (0, 1, or $2{\mu}g/mL$). Cell viability was assessed by MTT assays after 24 h, and the expression of levels of IL-4, STAT6, and the apoptosis-related proteins p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 were evaluated by western blotting. Electro mobility shift assays (EMSAs) were performed to evaluate the DNA binding capacity of STAT6. Results : MTT assays showed that inflammation-induced growth of HaCaT cells following LPS or TNF-${\alpha}$ stimulation was inhibited by SVT. Western blot analysis showed that p53 and Bax, which promote apoptosis, were increased, whereas that of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein, was decreased in a concentration-dependent manner in LPS- or TNF-${\alpha}$-induced HaCaT cells following treatment with SVT. Moreover, following treatment of HaCaT cells with LPS, IL-4 concentrations were increased, and treatment with SVT further increased IL-4 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Western blotting and EMSAs showed that the phosphorylated form of STAT6 was increased in HaCaT cells in the context of LPS- or TNF-${\alpha}$-induced inflammation in a concentration-dependent manner, concomitant with an increase in the DNA binding activity of STAT6. Conclusion : SVT can effectively promote apoptosis in HaCaT cells in the presence of inflammation through a pathway involving IL-4 and STAT6.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.99-110
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• 1999

Effects of Chiyangtang(CYT) on H. pylori-induced increase of interleukin 8 and interleukin 1 gene expression was studied in Kato Ⅲ cell line, a human stomach epithelial cell line. Treatment of H. pylori to the cell culture signifant!y increased IL-8 and IL-1 mRNA synthesis. When CYT was added along with H. pylori, the increase of IL-8 and IL-1 mRNA synthesis was blocked. Activation of transcription factor $NF-{\kappa}B$ and AP-1 which were known to important in IL-8 and IL-1 gene expression was also studied using chloramphenicol acetyltransferase(CAT) assay. Treatment of H. pylori increased activation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ and AP-l and CYT effectively protected the activation. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay suggested that CYT effectively inhibited DNA binding of $NF-{\kappa}B$ and AP-l to their cognate site. These results suggested that CYT could prevent stomach diseases through the down regulation of IL -8 and IL-l gene expression which might be mediated by the inhibition of $NF-{\kappa}B$ and AP-1 activities and their binding to DNA.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.13 no.1 s.34
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• pp.73-84
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• 2007

The first theme of this study is to preserve and manage rural multi-functionality resource Information. This study is to suggest the method that can irradiate rural multi-functionality resource Information efficiently and constructively. GIS uses PDA and Tablet PC as an investigation tool and verifies the outcome of the development in the investigation system. This study enhanced the mobility function of PDA by installing recording system and camera to the PDA. Also, Using GPS has been ensured scientific precision and realism to the investigation. Direct input on spot can save time, cost and minimize human error by simplifying the investigation process. Database is composed of characters like scale, form, location, distance, resident's opinion and image of 37 resources. The survey system was applied in 170 villages and got a total of 12,270 resources data. Management system should be easy to input and output the surveyed information and to get reports in any kind of form ( i.e. final result can be produced as a map). By utilizing of the Rural Resource information system, the study made a simulation to compare the target areas before and after. Also, digitalized investigation system, minimized re-input and reprocessing of data and enabled to simplify and standardize the process than memorandum investigation. Data collected through digital system could offer people useful information by Web-GIS. It was need to specify practical way in decision-making and a way to measure the value of resources to align with the regional plan. Also, need to keep on developing statistical data and application program that can connect us to present the best solution to support regional planning. Therefore, quality of data is very important. Finally, it is very important to develop various programs to analyze space md rural resource by monitoring rural environment.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.81-89
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• 2009

In this experimental study, the effects of clean alternative fuels compatible with diesel combustion on nano-sized particle emission characteristics were investigated in a 0.5L auto-ignited single-cylinder engine with a compression ratio of 15. Because the number concentration of nano-sized particles emitted by automotive engine, that are suspected of being hazardous to human health and environment, might increase with engine fuel considerably and recently attracted attention. So a ultra-low sulfur diesel(ULSD), BD100(100% bio-diesel) and Di-Methyl Ether(DME) fuels used for this study. And, as a particle measuring instrument, a fast-response particle spectrometer (DMS 500) with heated sample line was used for continuous measurement of the particle size and number distribution in the size range of 5 to 1000nm (aerodynamic diameter). As this research results, we found that this measurements involving the large proportion of particles under size order of 300nm and number concentration of $4{\times}10^9$ allowed a single or bi-modal distribution to be found at different engine load conditions. Also the influence of oxygen content in fuel and the catalyst could be a dominant factor in controlling the nano-sized particle emissions in auto-ignited engine.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.388-394
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• 2003

To handle the high level radioactive materials such a spent fuel, the master-slave manipulators (MSM) are widely used as a remote handling device in nuclear facilities such as the hot cell with sealed and shielded space. In this paper, the Digital Mockup which simulates the remote operation of the Advanced Conditioning Process(ACP) is developed. Also, the workspace and the motion of the slave manipulator, as well as, the remote operation task should be analyzed. The process equipment of ACP and Maintenance/Handling Device are drawn in 3D CAD models using IGRIP. Modeling device of manipulator is assigned with various mobile attributes such as a relative position, kinematics constraints, and a range of mobility, The 3D graphic simulator using the external input device of space ball displays the movement of manipulator. To connect the external input device to the graphic simulator, the interface program of external input device with 6 DOF is deigned using the Low Level Tele-operation Interface(LLTI). The experimental result shows that the developed simulation system gives much-improved human interface characteristics and shows satisfactory response characteristics in terms of synchronization speed. This should be useful for the development of work's education system in the virtual environment.