• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.1394-1405
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• 2022

The importance of ensuring the inherent safety and security has been more emphasized in recent years to demonstrate the integrity of nuclear facilities under external human-induced events (e.g. aircraft crashes). This work suggests a simulation methodology to effectively evaluate the impact of a commercial aircraft engine onto a dry storage facility. A full-scale engine model was developed and verified by Riera force-time history analysis. A reinforced concrete (RC) structure of a dry storage facility was also developed and material behavior of concrete was incorporated using three constitutive models namely: Continuous Surface Cap, Winfrith, and Karagozian & Case for comparison. Strain-based erosion limits for concrete were suitably defined and the local responses were then compared and analyzed with empirical formulas according to variations in impact velocity. The proposed methodology reasonably predicted such local damage modes of RC structure from the engine missile, and the analysis results agreed well with the calculations of empirical formulas. This research is expected to be helpful in reviewing the dry storage facility design and in the probabilistic risk assessment considering diverse impact scenarios.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.3833-3838
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• 2009

본 논문은 산업용 로봇을 이용하여 운동화의 특성을 측정하는 측정장비를 소개한다. 여기서 사용된 로봇은 6관절의 퓨마타입 로봇(삼성전자의 FARA AT2 모델)을 인간의 보행 동작을 구현할 수 있도록 보완하였다. 보행 동작은 고속카메라로 분석한 후, 로봇 관절각들을 추출하여 동작구현에 사용한다. 3가지 종류의 경도 아웃솔(신발 겉창)로 만들어진 신발 시편을 준비하고, 이 로봇 시스템을 이용하여 걸음동작을 구현하여 신발에 따른 지면 충격력을 측정한다. 걸음동작에서 발생하는 발 앞축 부분을 굽히기 위해 요구되는 굽힘 모멘트의 측정과 걸음동작에서 발생하는 요동현상의 측정에 사용한다. 동일한 압축변형을 유지하도록 시스템을 설정하고, 신발을 측정한 결과 아웃솔의 경도에 따라 지면반력의 크기는 선형적으로 증가하는 추세가 관찰되었다. 또한 굽힘 모멘트와 요동현상 역시 아웃솔의 경도에 따라 선형적으로 증가하는 추세가 관찰되었다. 상기의 몇 가지 실험을 통하여, 본 로봇 시스템은 일관성 있는 실험결과를 제공하였으며, 따라서 산업용 로봇을 이용하여 신발의 유용한 특성 정보 도출이 가능하며, 추후 신발설계의 활용에 대한 가능성을 보여준다.

• 수완나부미
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.201-224
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• 2020

The term Anthropocene encapsulates the idea that the human impact on earth has already reached the level of a geological force with catastrophic consequences, such as global warming or climate change. The envisioning of an apocalyptic future of the possible demise of the human race is central to this idea. This paper seeks to explore the implications of the Anthropocene on the very idea of history and area studies. Does the planetary scope of the Anthropocenic condition, and the concerted effort in the global scale in the need to address it, mean the end of area studies, which is premised on a particularity of an area? Is a posthumanist history feasible? If yes, how can it really help address the problem? Or, it will merely muddle the issues?

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.130-137
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• 2018

In long freight trains, there is a brake time delay in the neighboring freight cars that causes damage and fractures of couplers, especially the knuckle of them. If there is a problem for couplers in the cars, this could cause a derailment and lead to damage of human life and property damage. In this study, maximum forces on the couplers are studied when a long freight car brakes, with brake delay time and coupler gap. We have made a dynamic model of 50 freight cars and couplers, applying contact between couplers and a characteristic curve for expressing force and displacement of buffers with SIMPACK, a multi-body dynamics program. We use EN 14531-2 from the British Standards Institution, a standard of freight car brakes for the verification of the dynamic model. We also use a simplified method to analyze the dynamic model of 50 freight cars. With changing coupler gap and brake delay time, we do comparative analysis with AAR M-201 from the Association of American Railroads, a standard of AAR couplers. From this result, we find that the standard on fatigue limit is satisfied, such that the brake delay time is within 0.06 second if the coupler gap of the AAR coupler is within 20 millimeters.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2013

여름철 강우로 인한 산사태는 대부분 토석류의 형태로 나타난다. 토석류는 빠른 이동속도와 체적 때문에 경제적 손실 뿐만 아니라 많은 인명피해를 일으킨다. 토석류 해석 프로그램인 FLO-2D를 사용하여 유동학적 인자인 점성과 항복응력에 따른 토석류의 이동과 퇴적 특성을 분석하였다. 수치해석을 수행한 결과, 점성이 증가할수록 토석류 입자간의 응집력이 증가하여 토석류의 퇴적거리와 속도가 감소한다. 그에 따라 유동심은 증가하고 충격력은 감소하였다. 항복응력은 토석류의 발생과 퇴적에 큰 영향을 미치는 요인이다. 항복응력이 증가할수록 충격력은 증가하였다. 수치 해석 결과에 의하면, 토석류의 이동속도는 주로 점성에 의존하나 토석류의 퇴적 특성(퇴적거리, 퇴적 폭, 퇴적면적)은 점성과 항복응력에 의존한다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2007

These studies show that I applied to functional insole (a specific A company) for minimizing shocks and sprain people's ankle arising from running. How to an effect on human body which studied a kinematics and kinetics from 10 college students during experiments. This study imposes several conditions by barefoot, normal running shoes and put functional insole shoes ran under average $2.0{\pm}0.24\;m$/sec by motion analysis and ground reaction force that used to specific A company. First of all, motion analysis was caused by achilles tendon angle, angle of the lower leg, angle of the knee, initial sole angle and barefoot angle. The result of comparative analysis can be summarized as below. Motion analysis showed that statically approximates other results from achilles tendon angle (p<.01), initial ankle angle(p<.05), initial sole angle(p<.001) and barefoot angle(p<.001). Ground reaction force also showed that statically approximates other results from impact peak timing (p<.001), Maximum loading rate(p<.001), Maximum loading rate timing (p<.001) and impulse of first 20 percent (p<.001). Above experiment values known that there was statically difference between Motion analysis and Ground reaction force under absorbing of the functional insole shoes which was not have an effect on our body for kinetics and kinematics.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical difference of barefoot and two types taekwondo footwear. which will provide scientific data to coaches and players, to further prevent injuries and to improve each players skills. How to an effect on human body which studied a kinematics and kinetics from 8 college students during experiments. This study imposes several conditions by barefoot and two types of taekwondo footwear ran under average $2.56{\pm}0.21\;m$/sec by motion analysis, ground reaction force and electromyography that used to specific A company. First of all, motion analysis was caused by achilles tendon angle, angle of the lower leg, angle of the knee. The result of comparative analysis can be summarized as below. Motion analysis showed that statically approximates other results from achilles tendon angle (p<.01), initial ankle angle(p<.05), initial sole angle(p<.001) and barefoot angle(p<.001). Ground reaction force also showed that statically approximates other results from impact peak timing (p.001), Maximum loading rate(p<.001), Maximum loading rate timing (p<.001) and impulse of first 20 percent (p<.001). showed that averagely was distinguished from other factors, and did not show about that.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.322-333
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• 2022

The Avatar robot, which is one of the teleoperation robots, aims to enable users to feel the robot as a part of the body to intuitively and naturally perform various tasks. Considering the purpose of the avatar robot, an end-effector identical to a human hand is advantageous, but a robotic hand with human hand level performance has not yet been developed. In this paper we propose a new 3-finger robotic hand with human-avatar hand posture mapping algorithm which were integrated with TOCABI-AVATAR, one of the teleoperation system. Due to the flexible rolling contact joints and tendon driven mechanism applied to the finger, the finger could implement adaptive grasping and absorb the impact force caused by unexpected contacts. In addition, human-avatar hand mapping algorithm using five calibration hand postures propose to compensate physical differences between operators. Using the TOCABI-AVATAR system with the robotic hands and mapping algorithm, the operator can perform 13 out of 16 hand postures of grasping taxonomy and 4 gestures. In addition, using the system, we participated in the ANA AVATAR XPRIZE Semi-final and successfully performed three scenarios which including various social interactions as well as object manipulation.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2006

This study was performed to see ground reaction force with different soccer studs with twelve players in Human Performance Laboratory(University of Calgary). Running speed was $4.0{\pm}0.2m/sec$ in straight running as well as vcut running. By using four different kinds of shoes; three different pairs of soccer shoes and one pair of jogging shoes, I reached a conclusion as following. In case of right and left ground reaction force, on the assumption that the positive magnitude of power is inversion and the negative is eversion, vcut running did not occur any inversion, which in the aspect of kinetic mechanics, thought to be decelerating movement. Because when eversion happens, it arises component force of power on heading direction about 8.6 times more than in the movement of straight running. In case of front and rear ground reaction, on the assumption that the positive magnitude of power is suspension power and the negative is propulsion, vcut movement is thought to be decelerating movement in the aspect of kinetic mechanics. Because on heading direction, this movement occurs component force of power about 1.8 times more suspension and 2.2 more propulsion than in the straight running movement. In case of vertical ground reaction, on the assumption that the first peak is the magnitude of power in impact and the second peak is the magnitude of power in active, we judged that the straight running movement performed more efficiently than the vcut movement in the aspect of kinetic mechanics. On the next study, I suppose that vcut running would make up an interesting subject in the aspect of improving kinetic performance ability.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.249-257
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• 1999

A three dimensional finite model of a human neck has been developed in an effort to study the mechanics of cervical spin while subjected to vertical impact. This model consisting of the vertebrae from C1 through C7 including posterior element and ligaments was constructed by 2mm thick transverse CT cross-sections and X-ray film taken at lateral side. Geometrical nonlinearity was also considered for the large deformation on the disc. ABAQUS package was used for calculation and its results were verified comparing with responses of a model under static loading condition with published in-vitro experimental data. There were more cervical fracture in the restrained (compression) mode than in the nonrestrained (flexion-compression and extension-compression) mode. Upper cervical(C1-C2) injuries were observed under compression-extension modes, while lower cervical injuries occurred undjer compression-flexion modes. Posterior ligament distraction without bony damage at the upper cervical spin(C1-C2) were observed secondary to C5-C7 trauma in compression-flexion modes.