• 한국안전학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2007

Human error is one of the major contributors to the railway accidents or incidents. In order to develop an effective countermeasure to remove or reduce human errors, a systematic analysis should be preferentially performed to identify their causes, characteristics, and types of human error induced in accidents or incidents. This paper introduces a case study for human error analysis of the railway accidents and incidents. For the case study, more than 1,000 domestic railway accidents or incidents that happened during the year of 2004 have been investigated and a detailed error analysis was performed on the selected 90 cases, which were obviously caused by human error. This paper presents a classification structure for human error analysis, and summarizes the analysis results such as causes of the events, error modes and types, related worker, and task type.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.93-97
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• 2007

As many as 111 reactor trips have occurred for recent 5 years('01-'05), and 26 cases of them have occurred due to human error. The trend of human error rate didn't decrease in 2004, so KHNP started to make efforts to decrease human errors. In 2006 KHNP bench marked excellent foreign nuclear power plants and introduced human error prevention tools. In addition, KHNP created as many as 40 posters for human performance improvement. The posters are based on the about 500 real incident reports collected through K-HPES from 1995. Therror preventive tols for the poster. This paper explains design of the posters and their application.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제16B권2호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2009

영어 작문 자동 채점 시스템은 수험자가 작성한 영작문을 사람의 개입 없이 시스템이 처리하여 점수나 피드백을 줄 수 있는 시스템이다. 본 논문에서 개발한 영작문 자동 채점 시스템은 단어 단계, 구문 단계, 의미 단계의 세 단계 처리 과정을 통해서 오류를 탐지하고 탐지된 오류 개수를 기반으로 채점 점수를 결정한다. 이와 같이 독립적인 세 단계의 처리 과정에서 오류를 탐지하므로 동일한 오류 현상에 대해 서로 다른 단계에서 서로 다른 이름으로 오류를 탐지하는 경우가 발생할 수 있다. 이는 결과적으로 전체 시스템의 채점 점수의 정확도를 저하시키는 원인이 된다. 본 논문에서는 동일한 오류 현상에 대해 서로 다른 단계에서 탐지된 오류 쌍을 '중복 보고 오류'라고 정의한다. 본 논문에서는 중복 보고 오류를 찾는 방법을 제안하고 중복 보고 오류 제거를 통해 영작문 자동 채점 시스템의 채점 점수를 향상시킬 수 있음을 보인다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.207-215
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• 2021

지게차는 전동 포크를 이용해 화물을 적재하고 운반하는 용도로 사용되는 산업용 장비로, 지게차로 인한 산업재해는 지속적으로 빈발하고 있다. 이러한 재해의 대다수는 작업자의 불안전한 행동에 기인하는 것으로 알려져 있으나, 지게차 작업에 초점을 두고 휴먼에러 관점에서 위험을 분석한 연구는 찾아보기 어렵다. 또한, 작업의 휴먼에러 위험을 파악하고 분석하기 위한 다양한 기법들이 개발되어 왔으나, 기법 간에 효과성이나 장단점을 직접적으로 비교한 연구는 드물다. 본 연구는 대표적인 휴먼에러 분석 기법인 SHERPA와 HE-HAZOP을 이용하여 지게차 작업에서의 불안전한 행동과 관련된 위험 요인을 분석하고 두 기법의 장단점을 비교한다. 지게차 작업 중 '하차작업', '자재이동 및 적재작업', '상차작업'의 3가지 대표적 작업을 대상으로 분석을 수행한 결과, SHERPA에 의해 118건의 에러와 34건의 개선대책이 도출되었으며 HE-HAZOP를 통해 139건의 에러와 54건의 개선대책이 도출되었다. 휴먼에러 위험 분석의 결과를 바탕으로 두 기법을 결과 건수, 접근방법, 원인분석, 위험성 평가, 개선방안 도출 방식 등 다양한 측면에서 비교하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 지게차를 사용하는 사업장에서 휴먼에러와 관련된 재해 위험을 줄이는 데 활용될 수 있다. 대상 작업과 여건에 맞는 휴먼에러 분석 기법을 선정하기 위한 가이드를 제공하기 위해서는 향후 다양한 작업을 대상으로 보다 많은 휴먼에러 분석 기법에 대한 비교 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한인간공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.3-12
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• 1995

In this research, we investigated the effect of three visual feedback conditions (direct viewing, one-monitor viewing, and tow-monitors viewing) on the task performance of human operator in teloperation task. The three different level of task difficulties under each concitions were performed by thirty-six subjects. The result of the experiments was analysed by the task difficulties, and the measurements of performance are the task completion time and the frequency of task errors. In a teleoperator, the participation of a human operator is always required, and the man-machine interface and the operator's abilities is an important issue. Recently, the different types of sensory feedback conditions(force, vision, sound, tactile, etc) for teleoperation is a very active research area in ergonomics. Among them, visual feedback conditon is an important sense that can provide the information of task environment. Therefore, the sufficient understandings and investigation for human ability under various visual feedback conditions is required to establish the efficient man-machine interface of teleoperation. The result showed that the visual feecback conditions and the level of task difficulties have a significant effect on the task performance. For three level of task difficulties, the task completion time was the shortest under the condition of direct viewing. The number of task errors under the conditions of direct viewing and two-monitors viewing were reduced by more than half compare to that of one-monitor viewing.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.8-19
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• 2019

조종사는 휴먼에러(human error)를 감소시키기 위한 방법들 중 하나로 체크리스트를 사용하여 항공의 안전에 도움이 되는 도구로 사용하고 있다. 하지만 복잡한 체크리스트는 경험이 부족한 학생 조종사들에게는 체크리스트가 작성된 본연의 목적과 다르게 안전에 위해 요인이 될 수 있다. 본 연구는 우선 학생조종사들이 사용하는 정상 체크리스트의 구성항목들을 단계 별로 살펴보았다. 이를 통해 체크리스트를 구성하는 요인들이 휴먼에러를 구성하는 요인들과 어떤 상관관계를 내포하는지 학생조종사들을 대상으로 한 사례연구를 통해 규명하고자 하였다. 탐색적 사례연구를 통해 다음과 같은 시사점을 제안하였다. 학생조종사들이 preflight inspection 체크리스트 점검을 수행함에 있어 기체에 대한 외부점검을 효율적으로 수행하도록 기체구조 또는 동력계통에 대한 전문지식 강화가 필요하다. 비행 시마다 조종사뿐만 아니라 해당 비행기의 정비 담당자가 외부점검을 실시하여 더블체크를 하는 재확인 절차를 통하여 안전을 증진시켜야 할 것이다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2022

When an accident occurs, the associated human activity is typically regarded as a "human error," or a temporal deviation. On the other hand, if the accident results in a serious loss or if it evokes a social issue, the person determined to be responsible may be punished with a "violation" of related laws or regulations. However, as Heinrich stated, it is neither appropriate nor reasonable in terms of probability theory and cognitive science to distinguish whether it is a "human error" or a "violation" with a criterion of resultant accident severity. Nonetheless, some in society get on the social climate to strengthen regulations on workers who have caused accidents, especially violations. This response can present a social issue due to the lack of systematic judgment procedure which distinguishes violations from human errors. The purpose of this study was to develop an objective and systematic procedure to assess whether workers' activities which induced industrial accidents should be categorized as violations rather than human errors. Various analysis techniques for the determination of violation procedure were investigated and compared using an analysis approach method. An appropriate technique was not found, however, for judging the culpability of intentional violations. As an alternative, this study developed the process of creating violations, based on cognitive procedure, as well as the criteria to determine and categorize an activity as a violation. In addition, the developed procedure was applied to cases of industrial accidents and nuclear power plant issues to test its practical applicability. The study demonstrated that the proposed model could be used to determine the existence of a violation even in the case of multiple workers who work simultaneously.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.150-156
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• 2000

In this paper, the human error contributions to the system unavailability are calculated and compared to the mechanical failure contributions. The system unavailability is a probability that a system is in the failed state at time t, given that it was the normal state at time zero. It is a function of human errors committed during maintenance and tests, component failure rates, surveillance test intervals, and allowed outage time. The THERP (Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction), generally called "HRA handbook", is used here for evaluating human error rates. This method treats the operator as one of the system components, and human reliability is assessed in the same manner as that of components. Based on the calculation results, the human error contribution to the system unavailability is shown to be more important than the mechanical failure contribution in the example system. It is also demonstrated that this method is very flexible in that it can be applied to any hazardous facilities, such as gas valve stations and chemical process plants.ss plants.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2013년 추계학술대회
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• pp.231-241
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• 2013

In recent years, accident induced by human error is increasing in the chemical plant. Human error analysis of the chemical plant was conducted on the basis of past accident. Some company called by A for the basis of a chemical accident. Factor analysis of human errors was separated in plant operation and work. Agency's work of occupational safety & health was classified into four types. It is based on the work before, during work, recovery work, and discontinue work. It was still separated work of human error by analysis and then was derived factor and issue. The human error factor and priority for accident prevention in the chemical plant is presented.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.127-135
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• 2011

The nuclear power plants and chemical industries are trying to find human error to prevent occupational injury. The ratio of occupational injury is higher than the other industries in shipbuilding industry. It is known that the most important reason is human error. Recently, the shipbuilding industries interest in human error to prevent occupational injury. This paper outlines four approaches of human error identification used in shipbuilding industry such as survey of occupational injury, root cause analysis, risk assessment, and performance shaping factors. Finally, this paper proposes the interventions of ergonomics for preventing the human errors.