• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.103-111
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to categorize and analyze the body shape of obese Korean men that are needed for industrial design. Using the anthropometric data that were surveyed through the 5^th Size Korea project, this study was conducted in four steps mostly through the multivariate statistical analysis. In the first step, Broca, BMI, WHR indices are used to define obesity and select obese men from Korean adults and teens. After 34 human anthropometric variables are supposed to be related to obesity were extracted through an expect survey. In the second step, a factor analysis was executed for those human anthropometric variables. Through this analysis, we obtained the human body factors that are related to the representation of obesity. Then the third step, we used a cluster analysis from the result of the factor analysis. And ANOVA analysis was also conducted to obtain the critical obese human anthropometric variables. In the final step, we found the characteristics of the body types of obese men according to clusters and ages. The body types of obese men classified in the study are expected to be applied to product design for clothing, furniture, automobile packaging, etc.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.175-187
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• 2015

Body painting according to physical types is a method to express the body as it exists in nature or as an active element of nature. There is a need to research physical formation that applies the trend of contemporary naturalism to the types of nature art by emphasizing the artistic value of body painting with natural environmental overtones. Importantly, body painting according to physical types attempts an intact reproduction of natural objects and the reflection of the beauty of natural objects in body painting. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze body painting according to physical types based on the types of nature art. The methodology of the study included theoretical and empirical review. Theoretical review examined the characteristics of physical formation in nature art and relevant nature art works and body painting of physical types through previous research and literature. The empirical review applied analyses to works extracted from web sites of body painting. The study included physical type cases extracted from body painting works from 2005 to 2015 in foreign web sites(www.ilovebodyart.com and www.angel cakebodyart.com). Body painting works were based on the characteristics of physical types. As a result, the body painting of physical types based on nature art is as follows. First, organic continuity with nature art through the artists'thoughts and beliefs. Second, the specificity of place that respects the natural phenomenon itself. Third, the creative diversity of formative shapes for the body. Fourth, the social implications of body painting with human empathy. Fifth, immediacy to embody the artistic will of the artist. Finally, the application of physical types according to affinity with nature, as well as an independent artistic entity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1233-1241
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• 2010

This study analyzes the body characteristics of high school boys according to 3 different body types in order to improve the fit of upper garments. First, among the lateral body types, the straight body type was selected from the SizeKorea 3D scanned data and 2D measurement data. Second, high school boys (classified as straight lateral body type) were grouped into type B, A, and Y drop groups. The percentages of type B, type A, type Y are 17.8%, 48.1%, 32.1% respectively. The characteristics of the body types were analyzed. While the bust circumference were the same among the three body types (chest width, back width, back across shoulder, and bust width did not show a significant difference); however, waist and hip measurements showed a significant difference among the three body types. Third, the height of the high school boys ranged between 165cm and 180cm and the bust circumference between 85cm and 97cm. For the bust size categories, type B and type Y are distributed similarly; however, type A is distributed in the smaller bust size categories.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

Unwanted effects of electrostatic phenomena occur in various industries. Electrostatic problems originating from the human body in flammable atmospheres in the industry are especially concerning. A substantial volume of experimental data on the electrostatic charging voltages created on the human body owing to the rubbing of apparel were generated and reviewed during this study. The data were reviewed to determine whether the resultant charging levels of the human body are hazardous in flammable atmospheres. This study was conducted under several conditions, such as different fiber types used in apparel, shoe types, and relative humidities (RHs). The following conclusions were drawn in this study. ① The electrostatic charging levels of the human body owing to the rubbing of apparel increase with the increase in the surface resistances of apparel; however, the electrostatic charging levels may be different depending on the condition of the cloth surface. ② The discharging energy of 1.98-18.5 [mJ] from the human body exceeds the minimum ignition energy of most flammable materials, when removing an overcoat made of polyester, cotton and wool under severe conditions such as wearing height-raising shoes for men. ③ When removing antistatic apparel, the maximum discharging energy of 0.128 mJ from the human body is dangerous if the minimum ignition energy of the flammable material is between 10^-5-10^-4 [J] Grade; however, a minimum ignition energy of 10^-3 J Grade of the flammable material is considered safe. ④ While wearing antistatic shoes, the electrostatic charging voltage generated in the human body when removing an overcoat is 30 V; therefore, wearing such shoes is a suitable countermeasure when handling flammable materials. However, the antistatic abilities of shoes reduce when thick socks are worn. ⑤ As RH increases, the electrostatic charging levels of the human body decrease. ⑥ The electrostatic charging levels of the human body from removing a cotton overcoat can ignite the majority of flammable materials when RH is less than 30% under severe conditions such as wearing height-raising shoes for men.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1007-1021
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of wearers' body types and clothes' neutral tone combination on impression formation. The experimental materials developed for this study are a set of stimulus and response scales(7-point semantic). The stimulus include 45 pictures manipulated by computer simulation in wears' body types and neutral tone variation. The subjects are 540 female undergraduate students in Gyeong-nam. The results of this study are as follows: Impression factor of the stimulus consisted of 5 different dimensions including tenderness, cuteness, attractiveness, elegance, intrepidity. Each impression of neutral tone combinations, along with wears' body types, had a significant effect on tenderness, attractiveness, and intrepidity. Especially, it had the strongest effects on attractiveness. Each impression of wearers' body types along with neutral tone combinations affected cuteness significantly. According to the fact above, wears' body types and neutral tone combination have a significant influence on the impression formation of wearers.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.181-196
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• 2016

This study intended to suggest criteria for selection of subjects by lower body shape types necessary for evaluating slacks. For this, the characteristics were examined by lower body parts which would influence the fit of slacks on 3D human body shape data of the front and sides of the lower body for lower body shaping. The frequency of subjects by lower body shape types and the boundary points for discrimination of each type were suggested so that they could be available in selecting subjects. Using the data from Size Korea(2004), indirect measurement values measured on the front and sides of the lower body among 3D human body shape data of 175 subjects were analyzed. Their height, waist, and hip circumference fell under the range of standard deviation based on the mean of women aged 18~24 years, and then lower body shaping was conducted by combining the front and side shapes of the lower body. The front of the lower body was classified into four sections: average waist/average hip type(F1), average waist/narrow hip tyle(F2), narrow waist/narrow hip type(F3) and narrow waist/wide hip type(F4) and the sides of the lower body were divided into four sections: average abdomen/average hip type(S1), flat abdomen/average hip type(S2), average abdomen/protrude hip type(S3)and round abdomen/flat hip type(S4), and thus total 16 lower body types were created by cross analysis. Besides, discriminant analysis suggested the boundary points for each shape type of the front and sides of the lower body as a criterion for deciding lower body shape type of each subject

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.66-79
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• 2014

Unlike other body arts, body painting illuminates the value of art using eco-friendly formative activity and natural environment and highlights the need of eco-friendly activity. However, although body painting has focused on forming right relationship between human beings and nature, there are few researches which are linked with nature art. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to argue the need to study body painting as nature art in connection with natural environment and analyze body painting according to nature art types. The study methods included both theoretical review and empirical review. The theoretical review examined the concept and characteristics of nature art through previous researches and literature and the empirical review looked into the types and works of nature art and applied them to body painting works. The results were as follows. First, an installation type was possible by arranging and attaching certain materials to the body. Second, a physical type was possible by representing body itself as the part of nature. Third, a symbolic type was possible by making body appearance as a some symbol based on artist's idea. Fourth, a sound type was possible by stimulating auditory hallucination using the nature of objects and sensing a sound. Fifth, an ecological type was possible by conveying the message of living things in nature to the body. Sixth, an interior type was possible by inducing indoor installation of works. Seventh, a poetic type was possible by making one feel a poetic inspiration expressed in nature using the mystery of the sea and a simple sequential pattern of floral leaves. Eighth, a drawing type was possible by adding artist's intentional hand with a pictorical technique. Ninth, a indigenous type was possible by reproducing South American indian's primitive style. The review of this study suggests that body painting works have been expressed in experimental and temporary arrangement like nature art in nature and can be applied according to nine types of nature art.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.3 s.56
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• pp.425-438
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• 2005

This study is to examine the types of expression and aesthetic characteristics of on-line game characters by analyzing those game characters' body and their costume that appear in various domestic on-line game sites. It is shown in this study that types of the human bodies and costume expressed through the game characters are grouped into five categories such as exposure and tightness, enlargement and exaggeration, curtailment and simplification, gender stereotype and unification. Furthermore, there are four typical aesthetic characteristics resulting from those types of expressions; First, 'grotesque' is expressed in the form of extreme enlargement and exaggeration, extreme exposure and concealment, combined images among human, animal or machine, or monstrous devilish images. Second, in an effort to express 'eroticism', bodies are directly exposed, see-through costumes are used in order to emphasize the body lines or very tight designs are used. Third, 'futuristic' characteristics are shown through geometrical shape and silhouette, machine-like details, strong artificial colors or glossy hi-tech material. Lastly, 'pastiche' is expressed with reconciliation of variety of costumes of game characters. Various opposite or heterogeneous styles are combined or harmonized each other to show pastiche, of which examples are male and female, superior culture and inferior one, rich and poor, oriental and western, human and machine, human and nature or past and future, etc.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.424-436
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a methodology of generating a parametric segment model for human body using the Korean anthropometric data. The model is defined as an articulated body model consisted with 19 ellipsoid primitives. The primitives are joined at locations representing the physical joints of human body. A lot of previous researches have suggested methodologies of generating body models using the European or American anthropometric data, so that these models were inappropriate for engineering analyses and simulations in case of the Koreans. We defined a set of 35 body dimensions representing our segment model based on the anthropometric data of Koreans. Also we defined four key parameters of age, height, weight and waist circumference, and then we applied regression equations to associate the parameters to the aforementioned dimensions. As the results, we obtained the parametric human body segment models according to the various body types and the subject-specific models for a specific individual. The models in the various industries can be used as the base models for static and dynamic analysis considering the Koreans.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.169-176
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• 2006

This study explored elderly American women's body satisfaction and clothing consciousness with the methods of survey and body measurement. To that end, I first investigated their self-perception of body size and body satisfaction and also the relationships between those, along with the relationships between body measurements and body satisfaction. Then, I analyzed the differences in elderly women's body satisfaction and clothing consciousness among different body type groups. For the last, I examined the degree of their body thinness or obesity and ideal body size in order to explore the standard for ideal body shape among elderly women. Elderly American women were satisfied with most of their body parts except waist circumference and weight. Body satisfaction with stature, weight, and hip circumference was correlated to both size perception and body measurement. Body satisfaction with thigh circumference and leg length was correlated to size perception, and also that with waist circumference and neck length to body measurement. Size perception showed differences among body types, but body satisfaction did not show notable differences among body types. There were significant differences between real size and ideal one. Elderly American women thought that clothing was important in their everyday life.